富水软土地层地铁隧道开挖地层固结沉降数值模拟
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摘要
为了对富水软土地层地铁隧道开挖引起的地层固结进行定量研究,考虑流固耦合效应和施工力学效应的综合作用,应用FLAC3D对降水、动态降水和非降水3种工法进行数值模拟的对比研究,分别得到了地表沉降和地层固结沉降曲面。研究结果表明,3种工法引起的地表沉降量分别为:非降水法29mm、动态降水法60mm和降水法116mm,它们的比值大致为1∶2∶4,地层固结沉降量占各自的整个地表沉降量的比率分别为:非降水法27%;动态降水法50%;降水法79%。显然,非降水法是在富水软土地层地铁隧道施工中控制地层固结沉降最有效的方法。计算结果与现场实测资料进行比较,两者十分接近。研究成果已成功地应用于深圳地铁工程中。
A quantitative research is conducted on the strata consolidation caused by metro tunneling in saturated soft clay strata in an effort to select the best construction method.When the integrated effects of fluid-solid coupling and tunneling mechanics are taken into account,FLAC3D is applied to conduct the numerical simulation of pumping,dynamic pumping and non-pumping construction methods so as to respectively obtain the curved surfaces of both ground surface subsidence and strata consolidation subsidence,which largely approximate to the data by spot measuring.The research results reveal that the amount of ground surface subsidence caused by pumping,dynamic pumping and non-pumping construction methods is respectively 29 mm,60 mm and 116 mm with a ratio of 1∶2∶4 and that the percentage of strata consolidation subsidence vs.whole ground surface subsidence in the three methods is respectively 27%,50% and 79%.Apparently,the non-pumping construction method is the most effective method of controlling strata consolidation subsidence induced by metro tunneling in saturated soft clay strata.The research results have been successfully applied in the construction of Shenzhen metro.
A quantitative research is conducted on the strata consolidation caused by metro tunneling in saturated soft clay strata in an effort to select the best construction method.When the integrated effects of fluid-solid coupling and tunneling mechanics are taken into account,FLAC3D is applied to conduct the numerical simulation of pumping,dynamic pumping and non-pumping construction methods so as to respectively obtain the curved surfaces of both ground surface subsidence and strata consolidation subsidence,which largely approximate to the data by spot measuring.The research results reveal that the amount of ground surface subsidence caused by pumping,dynamic pumping and non-pumping construction methods is respectively 29 mm,60 mm and 116 mm with a ratio of 1∶2∶4 and that the percentage of strata consolidation subsidence vs.whole ground surface subsidence in the three methods is respectively 27%,50% and 79%.Apparently,the non-pumping construction method is the most effective method of controlling strata consolidation subsidence induced by metro tunneling in saturated soft clay strata.The research results have been successfully applied in the construction of Shenzhen metro.
引文
[1]漆泰岳,高波,马亮.富水软土地层地铁开挖地表沉降离心模型试验[J].西南交通大学学报,2006,41(2):184-189.(QITaiyue,GAO Bo,MA Liang.Centrifugal model test for groundsurface subsidence cause by metro tunneling in saturated soft claystrata[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2006,41(2):184-189.(in Chinese))
[2]吴波,刘维宁,索晓明.隧道降水施工地表沉降的渗流-应力耦合分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增1):2979-2984.(WUBo,LIUWeining,SUO Xiaoming.Seepage and stresscoupling analysis of land subsidence induced by dewatering andtunneling.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(supp.1):2979-2984.(in Chinese))
[3]李又云,刘保健,谢永利.软土结构性对渗透及固结沉降的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3587-3592.(LI Youyun,LIUBaojian,XIE Yongli.Influences of permeabilityand consolidation settlement on structure of soft clay[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(supp.2):3587-3592.(in Chinese))
[4]朱万成,康玉梅,杨天鸿,李占海,刘继山.基于数字图像的岩石非均匀性表征技术在流固耦合分析中的应用岩[J].土工程学报,2006,28(12):2087-2091.(ZHU Wan-cheng1,KANGYu-mei1,YANG Tian-hong,LI Zhan-hai,LIU Ji-shan.Ap-plication of digital image-based heterogeneity characterization incoupled hydromechanics of rock Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering[J].2006,28(12):2087-2091.(in Chinese))
[5]王志华,席仁强,陈国兴.考虑流固耦合的桥梁桩基地震反应研究现状.南京工业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(1):106-112.(WANG Zhihua,XI Renqiang,CHENGuoxing.Stateof arts on response of bridge of pile foundation under earthquakeexcitation[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technology(Natu-ral Science Edition),2009,31(1):106-112.(in Chinese))
[6]李祥春,郭勇义,吴世跃,聂百胜.考虑吸附膨胀应力影响的煤层瓦斯流-固耦合渗流数学模型及数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):2743-2748.(LI Xiangchun,GUOYongyi,WU Shiyue,NIE Baisheng.Mathematical model and nu-merical simulation of fluid-solid coupled flow of coal-bed gasconsidering swelling stress of adsorption[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(supp.1):2743-2748.(in Chinese))
[7]李建波,陈健云,李静.渗流场对地铁隧道沉降与受力影响的流固藕合分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(4):441-446.(LI Jianbo,CHEN Jianyun,LI Jing.Coupled fluid-me-chanical analysis of settlement and stability of subway tunnel[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2008,28(4):441-446.(in Chinese))
[8]吉小明,王宇会,阳志元.隧道开挖问题中的流固耦合模型及数值模拟岩土力学[J].2007,28(增):379-384.(JI Xiaoming,WANG Yuhui,YANG Zhiyuan.Hydromechanical coupling modeland numerical simulation of tunnel excavation[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2007,28(supp.):379-384.(in Chinese))
[9]何翔,冯夏庭,张东晓.岩体流-固耦合的Taylor展开随机有限元模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):2608-2612.(HE Xiang,FENG Xiating,ZHANG Dongxiao.Taylor ex-tension stockastic FE simulation of fluid-solid coupling in rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(supp.1):2608-2612.(in Chinese))
[10]张广明,刘合,张劲,彪仿俊,吴恒安,王秀喜.油井水力压裂流-固耦合非线性有限元数值模拟[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):113-116.(ZHANG Guangming,L IU He,ZHAN GJin,BIAOFangjun,WU Hengan,WANG Xiuxi.Simulation of hydraul icfracturing of oil well based on fluid-sol id coupl ing equation andnon-linear finite element.ACTA PETROL EI SINICA,2009,30(1):113-116.(in Chinese))
[11]张蓓.浅埋暗挖隧道施工引起地表沉降的控制措施研究[J].岩土工程技术,2007,21(5):265-268.(ZHANG Bei.Groundsettlement control measures in shallow depth excavation[J].Geotechnical Engineering Technique,2007,21(5):265-268.(in Chinese))
[12]J.P.Carter,J.R.Booker,and J.C.Small.The Analysis ofFinite Elasto-Plastic Consolidation[J].International Journal forNumerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1979(2):107-129.
[13]P.A.Vermeer,and A.Verruijt.An Accuracy Condition for Consol-idation by Finite Elements[J],International Journal for Numericaland Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1981(5):1-14.
[14]E.E.Alonso,A.Gens,A.Josa.A constitutive model for par-tially saturated soils[J].Geotechnique,1990,40(3):42-51.
[15]L.Barden.Consolidation of compacted and unsaturated clays[J].Geotechnique,1965,15(3):257-286.
[16]Bao Chenggang.Properties of unsaturated soils and slope stability ofexpansive soil[C],Proc.2nd Int.Conf.Unsat,Beijing,1998(2).
[17]吴波,刘维宁,高波,等.地铁分岔隧道施工性态的三维数值模拟与分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(18):2451-2456.(Wu Bo,Liu Weining,Gao Bo,et al.3D simulationand analysis of construction behavior of forked metro tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(18):2451-2456.(in Chinese))
[18]吴波,高波,骆建军.地铁区间隧道水平旋喷预加固效果数值模拟[J].西南交通大学学报,2004,39(5):605-608.(Wu Bo,Gao Bo,Luo Jianjun.Numerical simulation of reinforcing effect ofhorizontal drilling jet-ground pegs on Shenzhen metro tunnel be-tween stations[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2004,39(5):605-608.(in Chinese))
[19]Itasca Consulting Group Inc.FLAC.3D.User's Guide[M].USA:[s.n.],1997.
[2]吴波,刘维宁,索晓明.隧道降水施工地表沉降的渗流-应力耦合分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增1):2979-2984.(WUBo,LIUWeining,SUO Xiaoming.Seepage and stresscoupling analysis of land subsidence induced by dewatering andtunneling.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(supp.1):2979-2984.(in Chinese))
[3]李又云,刘保健,谢永利.软土结构性对渗透及固结沉降的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3587-3592.(LI Youyun,LIUBaojian,XIE Yongli.Influences of permeabilityand consolidation settlement on structure of soft clay[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(supp.2):3587-3592.(in Chinese))
[4]朱万成,康玉梅,杨天鸿,李占海,刘继山.基于数字图像的岩石非均匀性表征技术在流固耦合分析中的应用岩[J].土工程学报,2006,28(12):2087-2091.(ZHU Wan-cheng1,KANGYu-mei1,YANG Tian-hong,LI Zhan-hai,LIU Ji-shan.Ap-plication of digital image-based heterogeneity characterization incoupled hydromechanics of rock Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering[J].2006,28(12):2087-2091.(in Chinese))
[5]王志华,席仁强,陈国兴.考虑流固耦合的桥梁桩基地震反应研究现状.南京工业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(1):106-112.(WANG Zhihua,XI Renqiang,CHENGuoxing.Stateof arts on response of bridge of pile foundation under earthquakeexcitation[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technology(Natu-ral Science Edition),2009,31(1):106-112.(in Chinese))
[6]李祥春,郭勇义,吴世跃,聂百胜.考虑吸附膨胀应力影响的煤层瓦斯流-固耦合渗流数学模型及数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):2743-2748.(LI Xiangchun,GUOYongyi,WU Shiyue,NIE Baisheng.Mathematical model and nu-merical simulation of fluid-solid coupled flow of coal-bed gasconsidering swelling stress of adsorption[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(supp.1):2743-2748.(in Chinese))
[7]李建波,陈健云,李静.渗流场对地铁隧道沉降与受力影响的流固藕合分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(4):441-446.(LI Jianbo,CHEN Jianyun,LI Jing.Coupled fluid-me-chanical analysis of settlement and stability of subway tunnel[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2008,28(4):441-446.(in Chinese))
[8]吉小明,王宇会,阳志元.隧道开挖问题中的流固耦合模型及数值模拟岩土力学[J].2007,28(增):379-384.(JI Xiaoming,WANG Yuhui,YANG Zhiyuan.Hydromechanical coupling modeland numerical simulation of tunnel excavation[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2007,28(supp.):379-384.(in Chinese))
[9]何翔,冯夏庭,张东晓.岩体流-固耦合的Taylor展开随机有限元模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):2608-2612.(HE Xiang,FENG Xiating,ZHANG Dongxiao.Taylor ex-tension stockastic FE simulation of fluid-solid coupling in rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(supp.1):2608-2612.(in Chinese))
[10]张广明,刘合,张劲,彪仿俊,吴恒安,王秀喜.油井水力压裂流-固耦合非线性有限元数值模拟[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):113-116.(ZHANG Guangming,L IU He,ZHAN GJin,BIAOFangjun,WU Hengan,WANG Xiuxi.Simulation of hydraul icfracturing of oil well based on fluid-sol id coupl ing equation andnon-linear finite element.ACTA PETROL EI SINICA,2009,30(1):113-116.(in Chinese))
[11]张蓓.浅埋暗挖隧道施工引起地表沉降的控制措施研究[J].岩土工程技术,2007,21(5):265-268.(ZHANG Bei.Groundsettlement control measures in shallow depth excavation[J].Geotechnical Engineering Technique,2007,21(5):265-268.(in Chinese))
[12]J.P.Carter,J.R.Booker,and J.C.Small.The Analysis ofFinite Elasto-Plastic Consolidation[J].International Journal forNumerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1979(2):107-129.
[13]P.A.Vermeer,and A.Verruijt.An Accuracy Condition for Consol-idation by Finite Elements[J],International Journal for Numericaland Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1981(5):1-14.
[14]E.E.Alonso,A.Gens,A.Josa.A constitutive model for par-tially saturated soils[J].Geotechnique,1990,40(3):42-51.
[15]L.Barden.Consolidation of compacted and unsaturated clays[J].Geotechnique,1965,15(3):257-286.
[16]Bao Chenggang.Properties of unsaturated soils and slope stability ofexpansive soil[C],Proc.2nd Int.Conf.Unsat,Beijing,1998(2).
[17]吴波,刘维宁,高波,等.地铁分岔隧道施工性态的三维数值模拟与分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(18):2451-2456.(Wu Bo,Liu Weining,Gao Bo,et al.3D simulationand analysis of construction behavior of forked metro tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(18):2451-2456.(in Chinese))
[18]吴波,高波,骆建军.地铁区间隧道水平旋喷预加固效果数值模拟[J].西南交通大学学报,2004,39(5):605-608.(Wu Bo,Gao Bo,Luo Jianjun.Numerical simulation of reinforcing effect ofhorizontal drilling jet-ground pegs on Shenzhen metro tunnel be-tween stations[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2004,39(5):605-608.(in Chinese))
[19]Itasca Consulting Group Inc.FLAC.3D.User's Guide[M].USA:[s.n.],1997.
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