苏鲁-大别造山带岩石圈应力场、构造运动特征以及超高压变质带折返机制的研究
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摘要
苏鲁-大别造山带是华北、华南地块之间的大地构造交界带。本文分析研究了我国东部地区的3000余年的地震活动性,并根据1918～2006年间苏鲁-大别及其周围地区发生的1000余个地震的震源机制解,系统研究了地壳应力场和构造运动的区域特征,探讨了超高压变质带的折返机制。结果表明,苏鲁带以及华北地区受到太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲挤压的同时,受到从贝加尔湖经过大华北直到琉球海沟的广阔地域里存在着的统一的、方位为170°的引张应力场的控制。右旋走滑运动是苏鲁地区和郯庐断裂带的现代构造运动的主要特征。地震发生类型多为右旋走滑型或右旋走滑正断层型地震。华南地区构造应力场主要表现为,受北西西向运动的菲律宾板块向欧亚板块碰撞挤压运动所产生的方位为110～120°挤压应力的控制。华北、华南地块之间现代地壳应力场的分界线,西部与秦岭带大致相符,在大别东开始则逐渐偏离大地构造,到黄山附近向东南偏转,在温州附近转为向东延伸,最终穿过东海直至琉球海沟。研究结果还表明,苏鲁-大别超高压变质带的折返运动机制,即致使大量超高压变质岩折返到上地壳或地表的岩石圈应力场背景原因为,中生代以来大华北地区存在着较强扩张应力场的主控作用。此外,岩石圈地幔的蘑菇云构造增强了华北地区扩张应力场及扩张构造运动,导致形成大量深裂谷、裂隙,深部物质上涌。苏鲁及东大别地带处于或接近蘑菇云构造运动发育地区的中心,深部地幔物质的上涌导致并加剧了超高压变质岩折返到上地壳或地表,形成了世界著名的苏鲁-大别超高压变质带。
The Sulu-Dabie orogen belt is a tectonic boundary between the North and the South China.In present paper,the regional characteristics of seismic activity,the modern crustal stress field,tectonic motions and its dynamics have been analyzed in east China in detail based on the focal mechanism solutions of more than 1000 middle and great earthquakes occurred during 1918 and 2006.The results suggest that the crustal stress field and tectonic movement in the North China and the South China are attributable to relative motions among the Pacific Ocean,the Philippine Sea and the Eurasian plates,and interactions along blocks of mainland.The North China are controlled by the compressive stress in a NEE direction due to subduction of the Pacific Ocean plate and the identical tensile stress in 170 in a broad region from the Baikal to the Ryukyu trench throughout the North China.The mechanism solutions of large events occurred in the North China showed that they were attributed to the action of the compressive in the NEE direction and the tensile in the NNW direction.The earthquakes occurred in the North China were caused by the right strike-slip faults,which also shows the characteristics of tectonic movement here.The compressive force in a NWW direction from the Longitudinal valley in Taiwan controls the crustal stress field in the South China up to the eastern region of southern part of the North-South Seismic Belt(NSB).The results obtained in this study show that there is a boundary of regional crustal stress field between the North China and the South China.This boundary mainly consistent with the Qinling belt in its western part,however,it deviates in and east of the Dabie belt and turns to the south-east at 30°N,passes the Wenzhou area at 27°N,throughout the East Sea of China,finally up to the Ryukyu trench.The results also suggest that the exhumation mechanism of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt in and around the Sulu-Dabie orogenic belt may be caused by the strong tensile stress since Mesozoic and the mushroom structure of the lithosphere in the North China.
The Sulu-Dabie orogen belt is a tectonic boundary between the North and the South China.In present paper,the regional characteristics of seismic activity,the modern crustal stress field,tectonic motions and its dynamics have been analyzed in east China in detail based on the focal mechanism solutions of more than 1000 middle and great earthquakes occurred during 1918 and 2006.The results suggest that the crustal stress field and tectonic movement in the North China and the South China are attributable to relative motions among the Pacific Ocean,the Philippine Sea and the Eurasian plates,and interactions along blocks of mainland.The North China are controlled by the compressive stress in a NEE direction due to subduction of the Pacific Ocean plate and the identical tensile stress in 170 in a broad region from the Baikal to the Ryukyu trench throughout the North China.The mechanism solutions of large events occurred in the North China showed that they were attributed to the action of the compressive in the NEE direction and the tensile in the NNW direction.The earthquakes occurred in the North China were caused by the right strike-slip faults,which also shows the characteristics of tectonic movement here.The compressive force in a NWW direction from the Longitudinal valley in Taiwan controls the crustal stress field in the South China up to the eastern region of southern part of the North-South Seismic Belt(NSB).The results obtained in this study show that there is a boundary of regional crustal stress field between the North China and the South China.This boundary mainly consistent with the Qinling belt in its western part,however,it deviates in and east of the Dabie belt and turns to the south-east at 30°N,passes the Wenzhou area at 27°N,throughout the East Sea of China,finally up to the Ryukyu trench.The results also suggest that the exhumation mechanism of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt in and around the Sulu-Dabie orogenic belt may be caused by the strong tensile stress since Mesozoic and the mushroom structure of the lithosphere in the North China.
引文
Haker BR,Ratschitecyur L,Webb L,Ireland T,Walker D and Dong SW.1998.U/Pb zircon ages constrain the architecyure of the ultrahigh-pressure Qinling-Dabie Orogen,China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,161:215 -230
Ma LF.2002.Geological Maps of China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House
The Central Earthquake Office of China.1971.Earthquake Catalog of China.Beijing:Science Press
Tong JW,YaH YF,Wang GJ et al.2006.Structure of Earth's crust and upper mantle,inland subductian and its coupling effects on Dbie orogenic belt and the Tangcheng-Lujiang fault zone.Chinese J. Geophys.,49(2):449-457(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Q,Ji SC,Xu ZQ,Salisbury MH,Xia B and Pan MB.2005. Seismic properties of eclogites:implications on crustal composition and exhumation mechanism of the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt.Acta Petrologica Sinica,21 (2):451-464 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu JR,Zhao ZX and Oike Kazuo.2002.Tectonics Characteristics of Seismogenic Stress Field in East Asia,Seismotectonics in Convergent Plate Boundary,In:Fujinawa Y and Oshida A (eds.).Terra Scientific Publishing Company,Tokyo,481-497
Xu JR,Yang WC,Zhao ZX et al.2003.Three-dimensional velocity structure of the Sulu-Dabie orogen belt.Acta Geologica Sinica,77 (4):577-582 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu JR and Oike Kazuo.1995.Earthquake mechanisms and its implication for Tectonic stress field in the Southern part of the North- South Seismic Belt in China.Acta Seismologica Sinica,17(1):31 -40 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu ZQ,Zhang ZM,Liu FL et al.2003.Exhumation Structure and Mechanism of the Sulu Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphic Belt,Central China.Acta Geologica Sinica,77(4):433-450 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu ZH.2001.A present-day tectonic stress map for eastern Asia region. Acta Seismologica Sinica,23(5):492-501 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xue QF.2002.Earthquake cases in China (1997～1999).Beijing: Seismological Press
Yang JS,Xu ZQ,Wu CL et al.2002.SHRIMP U-Pb on Coesite-Bearing Zircon:Evidence for Indosinian Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism in Su-Lu,East China.Acta Geologica Sinica,76 (3):355-372 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Yuan XC.2007.The Low Velocity Lithospheric Mantle of Eastern China and west Pacific Area.Geology in China (in print)(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang ZC.1988.Earthquake cases in China (1966～1975).Beijing: Seismological Press
Zhang ZM,Zhang JF,You ZD and Shen K.2005.Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic P-T-t path of Sulu orogenic belt,eastern central China. Acta Petrologica Sinica,21 (2):257-270( in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao ZX,Kazuo Oike,Kazuo Matsumura and Yuzo Ishikawa.1990. Stress Field in the Continental Part of China——Derived from Temporal Variations of Seismic Activity.Tectonophysics,178:357 -372
Zhao Z X,Mtsumura K,Oike K et al.1987.Regional characteristics of temporal variations of seismic activity in east Asia and their mutual relations (1) Region from North China to Japan Trench.Zisin,40 (2):383-392
Zhu G,Xu JW and Sun SQ.1995.Isotopic age evidence for the timing of strike-slip movement of the Tan-Lu fault zone.Geological Review, 41(5):452-456 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhu G,Song CZ,Wang DX et al.2001.Study on ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar ages of the Strike-slip in the Tanlu Fold.Science in China (Series D),31(3): 250-256 (in Chinese with English abstract)
马丽芳．2002．中国地质图集．北京：地质出版社
王勤，嵇少丞，许志琴，Matthew H．SALISBURY，夏斌，潘明宝．2005．榴辉岩的地震波性质：对苏鲁超高压变质带地壳成分和折返机制的探讨．岩石学报，21(2)：451-464
滕吉文，闫雅芬，王光杰等．2006．大别造山带与郯庐断裂带壳、幔结构和陆内“俯冲”的耦合效应．地球物理学报，49(2)：449-457
徐纪人，赵志新．2006．中国岩石圈应力场与构造运动区域特征．中国地质，33(4)：782-792
徐纪人，杨文采，赵志新，程振炎．2003．苏鲁大别造山带岩石圈三维P波速度结构特征．地质学报，77(4)：577-582
徐纪人，赵志新．2004．苏鲁造山带区域地壳山根结构特征．岩石学报，20(1)：137-144
徐纪人，尾池和夫．1995．南北地震带南段应力场特征及其与板块运动的关系．地震学报，17(1)：31-40
徐佩芬，刘福田，王清晨等．2000．大别-苏鲁碰撞造山带的地震层析成像研究-岩石圈三维构造．地球物理学报，43(3)：377-385
许志琴，张泽明，刘福来等2003．苏鲁高压-超高压变质带演化的折返构造及折返机制．地质学报，77(4)：433-450
许忠淮．2001．东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制．地震学报，23(5)：492-501
薛棋福．2002．中国震例(1997～1999)．北京：地震出版社
杨经绥，许志琴，吴才来等．2002．含柯石英锆石的SHIRIMPU-Pb定年：胶东印支期超高压变质作用的证据．地质学报，76(3)：355-372
袁学诚．2007．再论岩石圈地幔蘑菇云构造及其深部成因．中国地质(印刷中)
张肇诚．1988．中国震例(1966～1975)．北京：地震出版社
张泽明，张金风，游振东，沈昆．2005．苏鲁造山带超高压变质作用及其P-T-t轨迹．岩石学报，21(2)：257-270
赵志新，徐纪人，许志琴．2004．上地幔三维S波速度结构与大别苏鲁超高压变质带俯冲折返机制探讨．岩石学报，20(1)：145-152
#12
中央地震工作小组办公室．1971．中国地震目录．北京：科学出版社
朱光，宋传中，王道轩等．2001．郯庐断裂带走滑时代的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学研究及其构造意义．中国科学(D辑)，31(3)：250-256
朱光，徐嘉炜，孙世群．1995．郯庐断裂带平移时代的同位素年龄证据．地质评论，41(5)：452-456
Ma LF.2002.Geological Maps of China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House
The Central Earthquake Office of China.1971.Earthquake Catalog of China.Beijing:Science Press
Tong JW,YaH YF,Wang GJ et al.2006.Structure of Earth's crust and upper mantle,inland subductian and its coupling effects on Dbie orogenic belt and the Tangcheng-Lujiang fault zone.Chinese J. Geophys.,49(2):449-457(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Q,Ji SC,Xu ZQ,Salisbury MH,Xia B and Pan MB.2005. Seismic properties of eclogites:implications on crustal composition and exhumation mechanism of the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt.Acta Petrologica Sinica,21 (2):451-464 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu JR,Zhao ZX and Oike Kazuo.2002.Tectonics Characteristics of Seismogenic Stress Field in East Asia,Seismotectonics in Convergent Plate Boundary,In:Fujinawa Y and Oshida A (eds.).Terra Scientific Publishing Company,Tokyo,481-497
Xu JR,Yang WC,Zhao ZX et al.2003.Three-dimensional velocity structure of the Sulu-Dabie orogen belt.Acta Geologica Sinica,77 (4):577-582 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu JR and Oike Kazuo.1995.Earthquake mechanisms and its implication for Tectonic stress field in the Southern part of the North- South Seismic Belt in China.Acta Seismologica Sinica,17(1):31 -40 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu ZQ,Zhang ZM,Liu FL et al.2003.Exhumation Structure and Mechanism of the Sulu Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphic Belt,Central China.Acta Geologica Sinica,77(4):433-450 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu ZH.2001.A present-day tectonic stress map for eastern Asia region. Acta Seismologica Sinica,23(5):492-501 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xue QF.2002.Earthquake cases in China (1997～1999).Beijing: Seismological Press
Yang JS,Xu ZQ,Wu CL et al.2002.SHRIMP U-Pb on Coesite-Bearing Zircon:Evidence for Indosinian Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism in Su-Lu,East China.Acta Geologica Sinica,76 (3):355-372 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Yuan XC.2007.The Low Velocity Lithospheric Mantle of Eastern China and west Pacific Area.Geology in China (in print)(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang ZC.1988.Earthquake cases in China (1966～1975).Beijing: Seismological Press
Zhang ZM,Zhang JF,You ZD and Shen K.2005.Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic P-T-t path of Sulu orogenic belt,eastern central China. Acta Petrologica Sinica,21 (2):257-270( in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao ZX,Kazuo Oike,Kazuo Matsumura and Yuzo Ishikawa.1990. Stress Field in the Continental Part of China——Derived from Temporal Variations of Seismic Activity.Tectonophysics,178:357 -372
Zhao Z X,Mtsumura K,Oike K et al.1987.Regional characteristics of temporal variations of seismic activity in east Asia and their mutual relations (1) Region from North China to Japan Trench.Zisin,40 (2):383-392
Zhu G,Xu JW and Sun SQ.1995.Isotopic age evidence for the timing of strike-slip movement of the Tan-Lu fault zone.Geological Review, 41(5):452-456 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhu G,Song CZ,Wang DX et al.2001.Study on ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar ages of the Strike-slip in the Tanlu Fold.Science in China (Series D),31(3): 250-256 (in Chinese with English abstract)
马丽芳．2002．中国地质图集．北京：地质出版社
王勤，嵇少丞，许志琴，Matthew H．SALISBURY，夏斌，潘明宝．2005．榴辉岩的地震波性质：对苏鲁超高压变质带地壳成分和折返机制的探讨．岩石学报，21(2)：451-464
滕吉文，闫雅芬，王光杰等．2006．大别造山带与郯庐断裂带壳、幔结构和陆内“俯冲”的耦合效应．地球物理学报，49(2)：449-457
徐纪人，赵志新．2006．中国岩石圈应力场与构造运动区域特征．中国地质，33(4)：782-792
徐纪人，杨文采，赵志新，程振炎．2003．苏鲁大别造山带岩石圈三维P波速度结构特征．地质学报，77(4)：577-582
徐纪人，赵志新．2004．苏鲁造山带区域地壳山根结构特征．岩石学报，20(1)：137-144
徐纪人，尾池和夫．1995．南北地震带南段应力场特征及其与板块运动的关系．地震学报，17(1)：31-40
徐佩芬，刘福田，王清晨等．2000．大别-苏鲁碰撞造山带的地震层析成像研究-岩石圈三维构造．地球物理学报，43(3)：377-385
许志琴，张泽明，刘福来等2003．苏鲁高压-超高压变质带演化的折返构造及折返机制．地质学报，77(4)：433-450
许忠淮．2001．东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制．地震学报，23(5)：492-501
薛棋福．2002．中国震例(1997～1999)．北京：地震出版社
杨经绥，许志琴，吴才来等．2002．含柯石英锆石的SHIRIMPU-Pb定年：胶东印支期超高压变质作用的证据．地质学报，76(3)：355-372
袁学诚．2007．再论岩石圈地幔蘑菇云构造及其深部成因．中国地质(印刷中)
张肇诚．1988．中国震例(1966～1975)．北京：地震出版社
张泽明，张金风，游振东，沈昆．2005．苏鲁造山带超高压变质作用及其P-T-t轨迹．岩石学报，21(2)：257-270
赵志新，徐纪人，许志琴．2004．上地幔三维S波速度结构与大别苏鲁超高压变质带俯冲折返机制探讨．岩石学报，20(1)：145-152
#12
中央地震工作小组办公室．1971．中国地震目录．北京：科学出版社
朱光，宋传中，王道轩等．2001．郯庐断裂带走滑时代的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学研究及其构造意义．中国科学(D辑)，31(3)：250-256
朱光，徐嘉炜，孙世群．1995．郯庐断裂带平移时代的同位素年龄证据．地质评论，41(5)：452-456
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