秦岭翠华山特长隧道高地应力问题研究
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摘要
研究目的:关于深埋长大隧道高地应力问题,业界存在许多理论和判据,不同行业、不同项目采用的判据各有不同。究竟如何预判岩爆地质灾害,有效指导安全施工。通过秦岭翠华山特长隧道勘察预判和施工验证,研究隧道高地应力问题及如何预判岩爆灾害。研究结论:秦岭翠华山特长隧道最大水平主应力方向与隧洞轴线方向夹角偏大,发生岩爆是不可避免的;基于地应力参数和岩石参数计算得出洞身开挖时存在岩爆可能性的结论,具有一定的片面性;翠华山隧道施工实践证明,在众多理论和判据中,应该多采用几种判据,综合分析后评价岩爆问题,更能接近于实际。
Research purposes: About of the high stress of the deep-buried long tunnel,there are many theories and criterions,and the different criterions are used for the different industries and projects.How to predict the geological disaster of rock outburst to direct the safe construction is a question.Through the survey prediction and construction verification of the Cuihuashan Super Long Tunnel in Qinling Mountain area,this paper studies the issues of the high stress of tunnel and how to predict the geological disaster of rock outburst. Research conclusions:As the included angle between the maximum horizontal principal stress direction and tunnel axis direction of the Cuihuashan Super Long Tunnel is over large,the rock outburst is inevitable.The conclusion that there is possible to happen thge rock outburst obtained by calculating stress parameters and rock parameters has a certain one-sidedness.The construction practice of the Cuihuashan Tunnel proves that the rock outburest should be assessed by using various criterions to make the prediction closer to the actual situation.
Research purposes: About of the high stress of the deep-buried long tunnel,there are many theories and criterions,and the different criterions are used for the different industries and projects.How to predict the geological disaster of rock outburst to direct the safe construction is a question.Through the survey prediction and construction verification of the Cuihuashan Super Long Tunnel in Qinling Mountain area,this paper studies the issues of the high stress of tunnel and how to predict the geological disaster of rock outburst. Research conclusions:As the included angle between the maximum horizontal principal stress direction and tunnel axis direction of the Cuihuashan Super Long Tunnel is over large,the rock outburst is inevitable.The conclusion that there is possible to happen thge rock outburst obtained by calculating stress parameters and rock parameters has a certain one-sidedness.The construction practice of the Cuihuashan Tunnel proves that the rock outburest should be assessed by using various criterions to make the prediction closer to the actual situation.
引文
[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司.改建铁路西安安康线增建第二线秦岭翠华山特长隧道工程地质勘察报告[R].西安:中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,2009.The First Survey and Design Institute Group Ltd ofChina Railway.Engineering Geological Survey Reportof Qinling Cuihuashan Super Long Tunnel in the SecondXiKang Railway[R].Xi’an:The First Survey andDesign Institute Group Ltd of China Railway,2009.
[2]铁道部第一勘测设计院等.秦岭特长隧道修建技术(Ⅰ)-岩爆预报、防治技术研究工作报告及专题研究总报告[R].兰州:铁道部第一勘测设计院等,1999.The First Survey and Design Institute Group Ltd ofChina Railway.Qinling Super Long TunnelConstruction Technology(Ⅰ)–Reports of RockBurst Prediction and Precaution Technology Research,and Special Research General Reports[R].Lanzhou:The First Survey and Design Institute of ChinaRailway,1999.
[3]GB50218—94,工程岩体分级标准[S].GB 50218—94,Engineering Classification of RockMasses[S].
[4]铁道部第一勘测设计院.西安安康线秦岭地段初测子阶段秦岭越岭段的构造应力特征[R].兰州:铁道部第一勘测设计院,1989.The First Survey and Design Institute of China Railway.The Character of the Tectonic Stress of Crossing-mountain Area of Qinling Mountain at Sublevel ofPreliminary Survey of Xi’an-An’kang Railway[R].Lanzhou:The First Survey and Design Institute ofChina Railway,1989.
[5]丁立丰,张志国.西康二线翠华山隧道水压致裂法地应力测量报告[R].北京:中国地震局地壳应力研究所,2007.Ding Lifeng,Zhang Zhiguo,The Report of HydraulicFracturing Stress Measurement in Cuihuashan Superlong Tunnel in the Second Xikang Railway[R].Beijing:Institute of Crustal Dynamics,China EarthquakeAdministration,2007.
[6]铁道部第一勘测设计院.铁路工程地质手册[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1999.The First Survey and Design Institute of China Railway.Geological Handbook of Railway Projects[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1999.
[7]李立民.秦岭输水隧洞的岩爆预测[J].铁道勘察,2007(3):90-92.Li Liming,Prediction for Rock Burst in Water Tunnelof Qinling Mountain[J].Railway Investigation andSurveying,2007(3):90-92.
[8]徐士良,等.秦岭公路隧道通风竖井岩爆预测和防治措施[J].岩土力学,2009(6):1759-1763.Xu Shiliang,etc.Rock Burst Prediction for VentilationShaft of Qinling Highway Tunnel and ItsCountermeasures[J].Roch and Soil Mechanics,2009(6):1759-1763.
[9]中铁电气化局西康二线西铁工程项目部.秦岭翠华山隧道岩爆情况[Z].西安:中铁电气化局西康二线西铁工程项目部,2011.The Project Department of China CREC RailwayElectrification Bureau Group in the Second of XiKangRailway.The Rock Burst in Qinling Cuihuashan Tunnel[Z].Xi’an:The Project Department of China CRECRailway Electrification Bureau Group in the Second ofXikang Railway,2011.
[10]刘道胜.西康二线秦岭翠华山特长隧道岩爆预测[J].铁道勘察,2009(3):52-54.Liu Daosheng.Forecasted for Rock Burst ofCuihuashan Super Long Tunnel in Mountain Qinling onthe Second Line of Xi'an-Ankang Railway[J].Railway Investigation and Surveying,2009(3):52-54.
[11]汪波等.深埋特长隧道岩爆预测研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009(11):48-68.Wang Bo,etc.Research on the Prediction of RockOutburst for Deep-burying Long Tunnel[J].Journalof Railway Engineering Society,2009(11):48-68.
[2]铁道部第一勘测设计院等.秦岭特长隧道修建技术(Ⅰ)-岩爆预报、防治技术研究工作报告及专题研究总报告[R].兰州:铁道部第一勘测设计院等,1999.The First Survey and Design Institute Group Ltd ofChina Railway.Qinling Super Long TunnelConstruction Technology(Ⅰ)–Reports of RockBurst Prediction and Precaution Technology Research,and Special Research General Reports[R].Lanzhou:The First Survey and Design Institute of ChinaRailway,1999.
[3]GB50218—94,工程岩体分级标准[S].GB 50218—94,Engineering Classification of RockMasses[S].
[4]铁道部第一勘测设计院.西安安康线秦岭地段初测子阶段秦岭越岭段的构造应力特征[R].兰州:铁道部第一勘测设计院,1989.The First Survey and Design Institute of China Railway.The Character of the Tectonic Stress of Crossing-mountain Area of Qinling Mountain at Sublevel ofPreliminary Survey of Xi’an-An’kang Railway[R].Lanzhou:The First Survey and Design Institute ofChina Railway,1989.
[5]丁立丰,张志国.西康二线翠华山隧道水压致裂法地应力测量报告[R].北京:中国地震局地壳应力研究所,2007.Ding Lifeng,Zhang Zhiguo,The Report of HydraulicFracturing Stress Measurement in Cuihuashan Superlong Tunnel in the Second Xikang Railway[R].Beijing:Institute of Crustal Dynamics,China EarthquakeAdministration,2007.
[6]铁道部第一勘测设计院.铁路工程地质手册[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1999.The First Survey and Design Institute of China Railway.Geological Handbook of Railway Projects[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1999.
[7]李立民.秦岭输水隧洞的岩爆预测[J].铁道勘察,2007(3):90-92.Li Liming,Prediction for Rock Burst in Water Tunnelof Qinling Mountain[J].Railway Investigation andSurveying,2007(3):90-92.
[8]徐士良,等.秦岭公路隧道通风竖井岩爆预测和防治措施[J].岩土力学,2009(6):1759-1763.Xu Shiliang,etc.Rock Burst Prediction for VentilationShaft of Qinling Highway Tunnel and ItsCountermeasures[J].Roch and Soil Mechanics,2009(6):1759-1763.
[9]中铁电气化局西康二线西铁工程项目部.秦岭翠华山隧道岩爆情况[Z].西安:中铁电气化局西康二线西铁工程项目部,2011.The Project Department of China CREC RailwayElectrification Bureau Group in the Second of XiKangRailway.The Rock Burst in Qinling Cuihuashan Tunnel[Z].Xi’an:The Project Department of China CRECRailway Electrification Bureau Group in the Second ofXikang Railway,2011.
[10]刘道胜.西康二线秦岭翠华山特长隧道岩爆预测[J].铁道勘察,2009(3):52-54.Liu Daosheng.Forecasted for Rock Burst ofCuihuashan Super Long Tunnel in Mountain Qinling onthe Second Line of Xi'an-Ankang Railway[J].Railway Investigation and Surveying,2009(3):52-54.
[11]汪波等.深埋特长隧道岩爆预测研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009(11):48-68.Wang Bo,etc.Research on the Prediction of RockOutburst for Deep-burying Long Tunnel[J].Journalof Railway Engineering Society,2009(11):48-68.
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