基于小波变换的建(构)筑物爆破振动效应评估研究
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摘要
基于现场实测爆破振动数据,采用小波分析技术对爆破振动信号进行了时频特征分析。根据小波变换的分层分解关系,推导出爆破振动信号不同频带的小波频带能量,小波频带能量能同时反映爆破振动三要素(振动的强度、频率和持续时间)的作用影响,基于受控结构体对爆破振动动态响应特征,首次建立了能考虑爆破振动的强度、频率和持续时间以及受控建(构)筑物本身的动态响应特性(固有频率和阻尼比)等因素综合的安全判据———响应能量判据,并用工程实例验证了该判据的可行性和可靠性。该判据较之现行的速度-频率安全判据来说,能准确地描述爆破振动对受控建(构)筑物的响应程度,更能全面地评估建(构)筑物爆破振动效应。
According to the data collected in real blasting vibration, the time-frequency characteristic analysis of blasting vibration signal was made by use of wavelet analysis technology. Taking advantage of the multi-resolution decomposition of wavelet transform, the wavelet frequency band energy was deduced in the different frequency bands of blasting vibration signal, which can reflect the total influence of all the three key elements (intensity, frequency and duration of vibration) of blasting vibration. Based on the dynamic response characteristics of the controlled structures under blasting vibration, a multi-factors blasting vibration safety criterion called response energy criterion was suggested.The feasibility and reliability of the criterion were validated by the instances. Compared with the velocity-frequency safety criterion, this criterion can describe accurately the degree of response on the controlled structures under blasting vibration, and evaluate more comprehensively the blasting vibration effect of structures.
According to the data collected in real blasting vibration, the time-frequency characteristic analysis of blasting vibration signal was made by use of wavelet analysis technology. Taking advantage of the multi-resolution decomposition of wavelet transform, the wavelet frequency band energy was deduced in the different frequency bands of blasting vibration signal, which can reflect the total influence of all the three key elements (intensity, frequency and duration of vibration) of blasting vibration. Based on the dynamic response characteristics of the controlled structures under blasting vibration, a multi-factors blasting vibration safety criterion called response energy criterion was suggested.The feasibility and reliability of the criterion were validated by the instances. Compared with the velocity-frequency safety criterion, this criterion can describe accurately the degree of response on the controlled structures under blasting vibration, and evaluate more comprehensively the blasting vibration effect of structures.
引文
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[3]李仲奎,王爱民,李送成.某地下厂房施工过程中突发性破坏的分析及对策[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(5):74—79.
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[5]李宏男,王丙乾,林皋.爆破地震效应若干问题的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1996,16(1):61—67.
[6]Dowding C H.Construction vibration[M].PrenticeHall,1996.
[7]中国生.基于小波变换爆破振动的应用基础研究[D]:[学位论文].长沙:中南大学,2006.
[8]吴立,陈建平,舒家华.论爆破地震效应[J].爆破器材,1999,28(5):24—27.
[9]Mallat S.A theory for multiresolution signal decomposi-tion:The wavelet represention[J].IEEE Transactions Pat-tern Anal Machine Intell,1989,11(7):674—693.
[10]俞载道.结构动力学基础[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1987.
[11]国家标准化管理委员会.爆破安全规程(GB6722-2003)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
[12]邹云屏,李潇.信号变换与处理[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1993.
[13]胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计—小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.
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