震害指数及有关问题的讨论
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摘要
震害指数是我国科学家提出的衡量震害大小的量化指标,这一指标及其评定方法被中国地震烈度表采用并在多次破坏性地震震害调查评价中使用。实践证明,这一方法从统计意义上看对震害的评定更具合理性,在震害调查中应加以继承、发扬和发展。介绍了震害指数产生的历史背景;详细地阐述了如何依据现场的宏观标志来确定结构的破坏程度以及如何给出评定区的震害指数等若干技术问题。对震害指数调查中应注意的问题进行了总结。讨论了随着科学技术和工程建设发展,震害指数评定方法应注意的问题。对了解震害指数评定方法的历史并推动其在震害评定中进一步发挥作用有一定的意义。
Seismic damage index proposed by Chinese scientists is used to quantitatize the extent of damage.The index and its evaluation methods are adopted in Chinese Seismic Intensity Sale and have been used in the multiple destructive seismic damage investigation.The practice proves that this method is rational in the statistical significance,and should be inherited and developed in the seismic damage investigation.This article introduced the historical background of the seismic damage index,elaborated certain technical questions in how to determine the structural destructiveness and gave the seismic damage index of evaluated zone based on macroscopic sign in detail,summarized the problems about investigation of seismic damage index,and discussed the problems to be paid attention to with the development of science and technology and engineering construction.This article has some significance in understanding the history of the seismic damage index evaluation method and impelling its usage further in the seismic damage evaluation.
Seismic damage index proposed by Chinese scientists is used to quantitatize the extent of damage.The index and its evaluation methods are adopted in Chinese Seismic Intensity Sale and have been used in the multiple destructive seismic damage investigation.The practice proves that this method is rational in the statistical significance,and should be inherited and developed in the seismic damage investigation.This article introduced the historical background of the seismic damage index,elaborated certain technical questions in how to determine the structural destructiveness and gave the seismic damage index of evaluated zone based on macroscopic sign in detail,summarized the problems about investigation of seismic damage index,and discussed the problems to be paid attention to with the development of science and technology and engineering construction.This article has some significance in understanding the history of the seismic damage index evaluation method and impelling its usage further in the seismic damage evaluation.
引文
[1]中国科学研究院工程力学研究所组.通海地震的烈度分布与场地影响[M].北京:科学出版社,1977.Eidtor of Engineering Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Intensity Distribution of Tonghai Earthquake and Field Effect[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press,1977.(in Chinese)
[2]胡聿贤,孙平善,章在墉,等.场地条件对震害和地震动的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1980试(1):35-41.HU Yuxian,SUN Pingshan,ZHANG Zaiyong,et al.Effcet of soil layer construction on earthquake damage and ground motion[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,1980,Trial Edition(1):34-41.(in Chinese)
[3]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2008.HU Yuxian.Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:China Earthquake Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[4]海城地震影响场调查组.海城地震的震害分布与场地影响[R].中科院工程力学研究所,1973.Eidtor of Haicheng Earthquake Field Investigation Team.Haicheng Earthquake Damage Distribution and Field Effect[R].Engineering Mechanicsof Chinese Academy of Sciences,1972.(in Chinese)
[5]田启文,孙平善.唐山地震玉田低烈度异常区调查研究[R].哈尔滨:中科院工程力学研究所,1977.TIAN Qiwen,SUN Pingshan.Investigation of Yutian Low Intensity in Tangshan Earthquake[R].Harbin:Engineering Mechanics of Chinese Acad-emy of Sciences,1977.(in Chinese)
[6]孙平善.澜沧-耿马地震的震害分布与场地影响[C]∥澜沧-耿马地震震害论文集.北京:科学出版社,1991.SUN Pingshan.Earthquake Field Investigation Team.Lancang-Genma Earthquake damage distribution and field effect[C]∥Thesis Collection ofLancang-Genma Earthquake Damage.Beijing:Science Press,1991.(in Chinese)
[7]王锡财,崔建文,施伟华,等.施甸5.9级地震房屋震害分析[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(1):74-80.WANG Xicai,CUI Jianwen,SHI Weihua,et al.Building damage analysis of Shidian Ms 5.9 earthquake[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2002,11(1):74-80.(in Chinese)
[8]刘恢先.《中国地震烈度表(1980)》说明书[C]∥刘恢先地震工程学论文集.北京:地震出版社,1994.LIU Huixian.Watch China's Seismic Intensity(1980)[C]∥LIU Huixian Proceedings of Earthquake Engineering.Beijing:China EarthquakePress,1994.(in Chinese)
[9]中国地震局.中国地震烈度表GB/T17742-1999[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.China Earthquake Administration.Watch China’s Seismic Intensity GB/T17742-1999[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,1999.(in Chinese)
[10]中国地震局.中国地震烈度表GB/T17742-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.China Earthquake Administration.Watch China’s Seismic Intensity GB/T17742-2008[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[2]胡聿贤,孙平善,章在墉,等.场地条件对震害和地震动的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1980试(1):35-41.HU Yuxian,SUN Pingshan,ZHANG Zaiyong,et al.Effcet of soil layer construction on earthquake damage and ground motion[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,1980,Trial Edition(1):34-41.(in Chinese)
[3]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2008.HU Yuxian.Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:China Earthquake Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[4]海城地震影响场调查组.海城地震的震害分布与场地影响[R].中科院工程力学研究所,1973.Eidtor of Haicheng Earthquake Field Investigation Team.Haicheng Earthquake Damage Distribution and Field Effect[R].Engineering Mechanicsof Chinese Academy of Sciences,1972.(in Chinese)
[5]田启文,孙平善.唐山地震玉田低烈度异常区调查研究[R].哈尔滨:中科院工程力学研究所,1977.TIAN Qiwen,SUN Pingshan.Investigation of Yutian Low Intensity in Tangshan Earthquake[R].Harbin:Engineering Mechanics of Chinese Acad-emy of Sciences,1977.(in Chinese)
[6]孙平善.澜沧-耿马地震的震害分布与场地影响[C]∥澜沧-耿马地震震害论文集.北京:科学出版社,1991.SUN Pingshan.Earthquake Field Investigation Team.Lancang-Genma Earthquake damage distribution and field effect[C]∥Thesis Collection ofLancang-Genma Earthquake Damage.Beijing:Science Press,1991.(in Chinese)
[7]王锡财,崔建文,施伟华,等.施甸5.9级地震房屋震害分析[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(1):74-80.WANG Xicai,CUI Jianwen,SHI Weihua,et al.Building damage analysis of Shidian Ms 5.9 earthquake[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2002,11(1):74-80.(in Chinese)
[8]刘恢先.《中国地震烈度表(1980)》说明书[C]∥刘恢先地震工程学论文集.北京:地震出版社,1994.LIU Huixian.Watch China's Seismic Intensity(1980)[C]∥LIU Huixian Proceedings of Earthquake Engineering.Beijing:China EarthquakePress,1994.(in Chinese)
[9]中国地震局.中国地震烈度表GB/T17742-1999[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.China Earthquake Administration.Watch China’s Seismic Intensity GB/T17742-1999[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,1999.(in Chinese)
[10]中国地震局.中国地震烈度表GB/T17742-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.China Earthquake Administration.Watch China’s Seismic Intensity GB/T17742-2008[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2008.(in Chinese)
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