断层摩擦的过山车现象
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摘要
在地震中,摩擦对断层行为的生成、传播和消减过程起到了关键性控制作用。实验室测试了多种滑动速率下的摩擦行为。结果表明,摩擦在地震中的演化比我们假想的要复杂得多。
引文
[1]Sone H,Shimamoto T.Frictional resistance of faults during accelerating and decelerating earthquakeslip.Nature Geosci.,2009,2:705-708
[2]Dieterich J H.Applications of rate-and state-dependent friction to models of fault slip and earthquake oc-currence.Treatise on Geophysics,2007,4:107-129
[3]Harris R A,Day S M.Dynamics of fault interaction:parallel strike-slip faults.J.Geophys.Res.,1993,98:4461-4472
[4]Olsen K B,Madariaga R,Archuleta R J.Three-dimensional dynamic simulation of the 1992Landersearthquake.Science,1997,278:834-838
[5]Andrews D J.Mechanics of fault junctions.J.Geophys.Res.,2005,110:B01307
[6]Harris R A,Barall M,Archuleta R,et al.The SCEC/USGS dynamic earthquake rupture code verifica-tion exercise.Seis.Res.Lett.,2009,80:119-126
[7]Ampuero J-P,Ben-Zion Y.Cracks,pulses and macroscopic asymmetry of dynamic rupture on a bimateri-al interface with velocity-weakening friction.Geophys.J.Int.,2008,2:674-692
[8]Chen T,Lapusta N.Rate and state friction laws can explain scaling of small repeating earthquakes.J.Geophys.Res.,2009,114:B01311
[9]Noda H,Dunham E M,Rice J R.Earthquake ruptures with thermal weakening and the operation of ma-jor faults at low overall stress levels.J.Geophys.Res.,2009,114:B07302
[10]Tullis T E.Friction of rock at earthquake slip rates.Treatise on Geophysics,2007,4:131-152
[11]Heaton T H.Evidence for and implicationsof self-healing pulses of slip in earthquake rupture.Phys.Earth Planet.In.,1990,64:1-20
[12]Rosakis A J,Xia K W,Lykotrafitis G,et al.Dynamic shear rupture in frictional interfaces:speeds,di-rectionality,and modes.Treatise on Geophysics,2007,4:153-192
[2]Dieterich J H.Applications of rate-and state-dependent friction to models of fault slip and earthquake oc-currence.Treatise on Geophysics,2007,4:107-129
[3]Harris R A,Day S M.Dynamics of fault interaction:parallel strike-slip faults.J.Geophys.Res.,1993,98:4461-4472
[4]Olsen K B,Madariaga R,Archuleta R J.Three-dimensional dynamic simulation of the 1992Landersearthquake.Science,1997,278:834-838
[5]Andrews D J.Mechanics of fault junctions.J.Geophys.Res.,2005,110:B01307
[6]Harris R A,Barall M,Archuleta R,et al.The SCEC/USGS dynamic earthquake rupture code verifica-tion exercise.Seis.Res.Lett.,2009,80:119-126
[7]Ampuero J-P,Ben-Zion Y.Cracks,pulses and macroscopic asymmetry of dynamic rupture on a bimateri-al interface with velocity-weakening friction.Geophys.J.Int.,2008,2:674-692
[8]Chen T,Lapusta N.Rate and state friction laws can explain scaling of small repeating earthquakes.J.Geophys.Res.,2009,114:B01311
[9]Noda H,Dunham E M,Rice J R.Earthquake ruptures with thermal weakening and the operation of ma-jor faults at low overall stress levels.J.Geophys.Res.,2009,114:B07302
[10]Tullis T E.Friction of rock at earthquake slip rates.Treatise on Geophysics,2007,4:131-152
[11]Heaton T H.Evidence for and implicationsof self-healing pulses of slip in earthquake rupture.Phys.Earth Planet.In.,1990,64:1-20
[12]Rosakis A J,Xia K W,Lykotrafitis G,et al.Dynamic shear rupture in frictional interfaces:speeds,di-rectionality,and modes.Treatise on Geophysics,2007,4:153-192
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