大型电厂空冷结构与风机耦合振动响应分析
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摘要
空冷结构属钢-混凝土混合结构,刚度和质量沿竖向分布极不均匀,与动力设备耦合振动响应明显。通过大比例模型试验和ANSYS软件模拟计算,研究了空冷结构的动力性状和不同工况下不同频率时结构的动位移和动应变响应。结果表明,实测振型与计算模态吻合,扭转效应明显,振型高度耦合,模型频率计算值小于试验值,反推的原型频率值大于原型频率计算值。耦合振动响应测试结果与计算结果基本一致,低阶共振大于高阶共振,风机应避开结构前三阶频率。风机全开产生的动位移不容忽视,但其动应变仍在弹性范围内,应注意疲劳破坏,建议用良好冲击韧性和冷弯性能的钢材和摩擦高强螺栓。
Air cooled structure is a steel-concrete vertical hybrid structure and its stiffness and mass is highly non-uniform at vertical direction.Power equipment-structural coupling vibration response is obvious.Air cooled structural dynamic property,its dynamic displacement response and dynamic strain response under different industrial conditions and different frequencies are studied by the experiment with a large-scale model and simulation calculation with ANSYS software.Results show that tested vibration mode tallies with the result of finite element analysis.Its torsion effect is significant.The vibration modes are highly coupled.Calculated model frequency is less than tested model frequency.Back-calculated archetypal structure frequency is larger than calculated archetypal structure frequency.The tested and calculated couple vibration response results are found to be in agreement with calculated results.Its low order resonance response is larger than that of high order.Fan frequency should be kept away from the first structural three frequencies.The structural dynamic displacement under the excitation of all fans can't be neglected though its dynamic strain is still within its elastic range.Great attention should be paid to fatigue failure,and it is suggested that the steel with better shock flexibility and cold-bent property and bolts with good friction and high strength should be used.
Air cooled structure is a steel-concrete vertical hybrid structure and its stiffness and mass is highly non-uniform at vertical direction.Power equipment-structural coupling vibration response is obvious.Air cooled structural dynamic property,its dynamic displacement response and dynamic strain response under different industrial conditions and different frequencies are studied by the experiment with a large-scale model and simulation calculation with ANSYS software.Results show that tested vibration mode tallies with the result of finite element analysis.Its torsion effect is significant.The vibration modes are highly coupled.Calculated model frequency is less than tested model frequency.Back-calculated archetypal structure frequency is larger than calculated archetypal structure frequency.The tested and calculated couple vibration response results are found to be in agreement with calculated results.Its low order resonance response is larger than that of high order.Fan frequency should be kept away from the first structural three frequencies.The structural dynamic displacement under the excitation of all fans can't be neglected though its dynamic strain is still within its elastic range.Great attention should be paid to fatigue failure,and it is suggested that the steel with better shock flexibility and cold-bent property and bolts with good friction and high strength should be used.
引文
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[3]Bartz J H.Dry cooling of power plants-amature technology[J].Power Engineering,1998,10(1):23-28.
[4]Knirsch H.Design and construction of large direct drycooled units for thermal power plants[J].ASME 90-JPGC/Pwr-26,1990,15(4):66-70.
[5]郑山锁(Zheng Shan-suo).动力试验模型在任意配重条件下与原型结构的相似关系(Study on similarity relations ondynamic experimental model and antitype structure under ar-bitrary conditions)[J].工业建筑(Industrial Architec-ture),2004,13(4):35~39.
[6]傅恒箐(Fu Heng-qing).建筑结构试验(Building StructureExperiments)[M].北京:冶金工业出版社(Beijing:Met-allurgical Industry Press),1992.
[7]白国良,李红星,李晓文,等(Bai Guo-liang,Li Hong-xing,Li Xiao-wen,et al).厂房动力特性测试及加固效果评估(Experiment and evaluation on dynamic behaviors of factorybuildings)[J].世界地震工程(World Earthquake Engi-neering),2004,12(6):22-25.
[8]李国强,陈素文(Li Guo-qiang,Chen Su-wen).上海金茂大厦结构动力特性测试(Experiment on structural dynamicbehaviors of Shanghai Jinmao Mansion)[J].土木工程学报(Journal of Civil Engineering),2005,21(4):12-15.
[9]张崇文,曾思庄(Zhang Cong-wen,Zeng Si-zhuang).框架式结构自振特性基本规律的研究(Dynamic analysis onframe structural)[J].建筑结构(Building Structure),1989,10(6):4-9.
[10]应怀樵(Ying Huai-qiao).波形和频谱分析与随机数据处理(Wave Form and Speetral Analysis,Random DigitalProcessing)[M].北京:中国铁道出版社(Beijing:ChinaRailway Publishing House),1983.
[11]任重(Ren Zhong).ANSYS实用分析教程高级技术分析指南(ANSYS-Practical Analysis Course and Guidelines forHigh Technology Analysis)[M].北京:北京大学出版社(Beijing:Peking University Press),2003.
[12]中华人民共和国建设部(Ministry of Construction of thePeople’s Republic of China).GB50009-2001建筑抗震设计规范(GB50009-2001 Aseismatic Code for the Designof Building Structures)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社(Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press),2001.
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