与强地震有关的视电阻率各向异性变化
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摘要
研究了27个强地震附近41个地电台的视电阻率变化,在震前1年尺度~短临阶段,在超过95%的台站上与震源机制解最大主压应力方位正交(或近于正交)测道的视电阻率变化最显著,主应力方位(或近于该方位)的测道的变化反之,其物理机理比较清晰.可以确认:在强地震孕育晚期阶段,在震源区及附近视电阻率各向异性变化是客观存在的地球物理现象,在震中区附近可观测之.
Study the changes in apparent resistivity observed at 41 geo-electric stations near 27 strong earthquakes in China.The result shows that for over 95% stations the most prominent change recorded is in the survey line perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the maximum compressional stress orientation of the focal mechanism solution while the smallest change is in or close to the orientation.The reason on the anisotropic changes is distinctly discussed.It is believed that the anisotropic changes are a kind of geophysical phenomena associated with the late preparation period of strong earthquakes and can be indeed recorded near the epicentral region.
Study the changes in apparent resistivity observed at 41 geo-electric stations near 27 strong earthquakes in China.The result shows that for over 95% stations the most prominent change recorded is in the survey line perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the maximum compressional stress orientation of the focal mechanism solution while the smallest change is in or close to the orientation.The reason on the anisotropic changes is distinctly discussed.It is believed that the anisotropic changes are a kind of geophysical phenomena associated with the late preparation period of strong earthquakes and can be indeed recorded near the epicentral region.
引文
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[13]杜学彬,薛顺章,郝臻,等.地电阻率中短期异常与地震的关系[J].地震学报,2000,22(4):368~376.DU Xue-bin,XUE Shun-zhang,HAO zhen,et al.On the re-lation of moderate-short term anomaly of earth resistivity toearthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2000,13(4):393~403.
[14]Crampin S,Evan R,Atkins B.K.Earthquake prediction:anew physical basis[J].Geophys.J.R.astr.soc,1984,76:147~156.
[15]郭增建,秦保燕.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979,70~103.GUO Zeng-jian,QIN Bao-yan.Physics of Earthquake Source[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1979,100~170
[16]陆阳泉,钱家栋,刘建毅.大型花岗岩标本破裂过程中电阻率和声发射前兆特征的实验研究[J].西北地震学报,1990,12(2):35~41.LU Yang-quan,QIAN Jia-dong,LIU Jian-yi.An experimentalstudy on the precursory features of apparent resistivity and a-coustic emission of large scale of granite specimen during theprocess of slowly dilatancy rupturing[J].Northwestern Seis-mological Journal,1990,12(2):35~41.
[17]陈峰,安金珍,廖椿庭.原始电阻率各向异性岩石电阻率变化的方向性[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2):271~280.CHEN Feng,AN Jin-zhen,LIAO Chun-ting.Directionalcharacteristic of resistivity changes in rock of original resistiv-ity anisotropy[J].Chinese J.Geophys.,2003,46(2):271~280.
[18]陈峰,廖椿庭,安金珍.剪切和摩擦滑动大模型的视电阻率变化幅度和各向异性[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(5):667~675.CHEN Feng,LIAO Chun-ting,AN Jin-zhen.Amplitude andanisotropy of apparent resistivity change in big models duringshear and frictional slipping[J].Chinese J.Geophys.,2003,46(5):667~675.
[2]W.F.Brace.Electrical resistivity changes in saturated rocksduring fracture and fractional sliding[J].Geophys,Res,1968,73:1433~1444.
[3]陈大元,陈峰,王丽华等.单轴压力下岩石电阻率的研究—电阻率的各向异性[J].地球物理学报,1983,26(Supp):783~792.CHEN Da-yuan,CHEN Feng,WANG Li-hua,et al.Study ofrock resistivity under uniaxial press-Anisotropy of resistivity[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1983,26(Supp.):783~792.
[4]钱家栋,陈有发,金安忠.地电阻率法在地震预报中的应用[M].北京:地震出版社,1985,116~132.QIAN Jia-dong,CHEN You-fa,JIN An-zhong.The applicationof earth resistivity method in earthquake prediction[M].Bei-jing:Seismological press,1985,10~47,83~102.
[5]陆阳泉,王玉祥,温新民.受压岩(土)体地电阻率变化的原地实验及大地震前后地电异常的初步分析[A].第二届构造物理学术讨论会文集[C].北京:地震出版社,1990,158~168.LU Yang-quan,WANG Yu-xiang,WEN Xin-min.In situ ex-periment of earth resistivity variation of pressed rocks(soils)and the primary analysis of geo-electrical anomaly before andafter large earthquake[A].Collections of the Second workshopof tectonophysics[C].Beijing:Seismological press,1990,158~168.
[6]钱复业,赵玉林,黄燕妮.地电阻率各向异性参量计算及地震前兆实例[J].地震学报,1996,18(4):480~488.QIAN Fu-ye,ZHAO Yu-lin,HUANG Yan-ni.Anisotropic pa-rameters calculation of earth resistivity and seismic precursoryexamples[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1996,9(4):617~627.
[7]毛桐恩,王铁城,姚家榴,等.唐山地震地电阻率各向异性变化研究[J].地震学报,1995,17(4):505~510.MAO Tong-en,WANG Tie-cheng,YAO Jia-liu,et al.Onstudy of the anisotropic variation of earth resistivity of theTangshan earthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1995,8(4):621~627.
[8]杜学彬,阮爱国,范世宏等.强震近震中区地电阻率变化速率的各向异性[J].地震学报,2001,23(3):289~297.DU Xue-bin,RUAN Ai-guo,FAN Shi-hong,et al.Anisotropyof the apparent resistivity variation rate near the epicentral re-gion for strong earthquake[M].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2001,14(3):303~314.
[9]Nur A.Dilatancy pore fluids and premonitory variations oftravel times[M].B.S.S.A.,1972,62(5).
[10]C.H.Scholz,L.R.Sykes&Y.P.Aggrawal.Earthquakeprediction:A physical basis[J].Science,1973,181(4102):803~809.
[11]О.М.Барсуков著,1979.陈有发译.地震电性前兆的可能原因[A].地震地电学译文集[C].北京:地震出版社.1989,312~318.
[12]梅世蓉,冯德益,张国民,等.中国地震预报概论[M].北京:地震出版社,1993,302~307.MEI Shi-rong,FEN De-yi,ZHANG Guo-min,et al.Intro-duction of Earthquake Research in China[M].Beijing:Seis-mological press,1993,302~307.
[13]杜学彬,薛顺章,郝臻,等.地电阻率中短期异常与地震的关系[J].地震学报,2000,22(4):368~376.DU Xue-bin,XUE Shun-zhang,HAO zhen,et al.On the re-lation of moderate-short term anomaly of earth resistivity toearthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2000,13(4):393~403.
[14]Crampin S,Evan R,Atkins B.K.Earthquake prediction:anew physical basis[J].Geophys.J.R.astr.soc,1984,76:147~156.
[15]郭增建,秦保燕.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979,70~103.GUO Zeng-jian,QIN Bao-yan.Physics of Earthquake Source[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1979,100~170
[16]陆阳泉,钱家栋,刘建毅.大型花岗岩标本破裂过程中电阻率和声发射前兆特征的实验研究[J].西北地震学报,1990,12(2):35~41.LU Yang-quan,QIAN Jia-dong,LIU Jian-yi.An experimentalstudy on the precursory features of apparent resistivity and a-coustic emission of large scale of granite specimen during theprocess of slowly dilatancy rupturing[J].Northwestern Seis-mological Journal,1990,12(2):35~41.
[17]陈峰,安金珍,廖椿庭.原始电阻率各向异性岩石电阻率变化的方向性[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2):271~280.CHEN Feng,AN Jin-zhen,LIAO Chun-ting.Directionalcharacteristic of resistivity changes in rock of original resistiv-ity anisotropy[J].Chinese J.Geophys.,2003,46(2):271~280.
[18]陈峰,廖椿庭,安金珍.剪切和摩擦滑动大模型的视电阻率变化幅度和各向异性[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(5):667~675.CHEN Feng,LIAO Chun-ting,AN Jin-zhen.Amplitude andanisotropy of apparent resistivity change in big models duringshear and frictional slipping[J].Chinese J.Geophys.,2003,46(5):667~675.
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