远场地震电磁辐射强度与孕震震级关系
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摘要
基于垂直电偶极子激发源模型,首先研究了远场地震电磁场辐射场及其分布特征,其次分析了远场地震电磁辐射强度与孕震震级之间的关系。结果表明垂直电偶极子激发源可以解释孕震区激发电磁辐射现象,是激发地震电磁辐射最有可能的激发源之一;远场地震电磁辐射强度的对数与地震震级呈线性关系,直线的斜率与孕震区裂隙特性分布及其电磁特性有关。研究结果对进一步认识地震电磁辐射现象和拓宽地震监测预报思路均有积极意义。
Based on the vertical electric dipolar emitter source model,the far-field characteristics of seismic electromagnetic radiation are studied first,and then the relationship between the radiation intensity of far-field seismic electromagnetic and pregnant earthquake magnitude is analyzed.The results show that the vertical electric dipolar emitter source model can be used to interpret the phenomenon of electromagnetic radiation emitting in seismogenic zone,and is one of the most possible source mechanisms for emitting the seismic electromagnetic radiation field.The logarithm of radiation intensity of far-field seismic electromagnetic has linear relation to earthquake magnitude,and the line's slop has relation with the fracture distribution and fracture electromagnetic characters in seismogenic zone.The results of this paper are significant for knowing the phenomenon of seismic electromagnetic radiation and useful for earthquake prediction.
Based on the vertical electric dipolar emitter source model,the far-field characteristics of seismic electromagnetic radiation are studied first,and then the relationship between the radiation intensity of far-field seismic electromagnetic and pregnant earthquake magnitude is analyzed.The results show that the vertical electric dipolar emitter source model can be used to interpret the phenomenon of electromagnetic radiation emitting in seismogenic zone,and is one of the most possible source mechanisms for emitting the seismic electromagnetic radiation field.The logarithm of radiation intensity of far-field seismic electromagnetic has linear relation to earthquake magnitude,and the line's slop has relation with the fracture distribution and fracture electromagnetic characters in seismogenic zone.The results of this paper are significant for knowing the phenomenon of seismic electromagnetic radiation and useful for earthquake prediction.
引文
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[2]钱书清.地震电磁辐射前兆不同步现象物理机制的试验研究[J].地震学报,1998,20(5):533-540.
[3]钱书清,任克新,吕智.伴随岩石破裂的VLF、MF、HF和VHF电磁辐射特性的实验研究[J].地震学报,1996,18(3):346-351.
[4]郭自强,郭子祺,钱书清,等.岩石破裂中的声电效应[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(1):74-83.
[5]石昆法.震电效应原理和初步实验结果[J].地球物理学报,2001,45(5):720-726.
[6]杜爱民,周志坚,徐文耀,等.新疆和田M7.1地震前ULF电磁辐射的激发机理[J].地球物理学报,2001,47(5):832-837.
[7]李江华,曾柯,冯家铎.地电场观测及强震前大地电位异常特征[J].西北地震学报,1996,18(4):9-16.
[8]范小平,杨从杰,李清河,等.震电效应研究进展与前景展望[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(4):364-368.
[9]Ishido T,HMizutani.Experimental and theoretical basis of elec-trokinetic phenomena in rock-water systems and its applicationsto geophysics[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1981,86:1763-1775.
[10]Varotsos P.Physical properties of the variations of the electricfield of the earth preceding earthquakes[J].Tectonophysics,1984,110:73298.
[11]S K Park,M J Johnston,TR Madden.Electromagnetic precur-sors to earthquakes in the ULF band:Areviewof observations andmechanisms[J].Rev.Geophys.,1993,31:117-132.
[12]Darcy Karakelian,Gregory C.Beroza,Simon L.Analysis of ultra-low frequency electromagnetic field measurements associatedwith the 1999M7.1 Hector Mine earthquake sequence[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,2002,92:1513-1524.
[13]Beamish D.Characteristics of near surface electrokinetic coupling[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1999,137:231-242.
[14]Varotsos P,Lazaridou M,Eftaxias K.Short term earthquake pre-diction in Greece by Seismic Electric Signals[A]∥Lightill Sir,(ED).A Critical Review of VAN.World Scinetific[G].Singa-pore:[s.n.],1996:29-76.
[15]Jackson D,Kagan J.VAN method lacks validity[J].EOS.Trans.AGU,1998,79:573-579.
[16]Uyeda S.VAN method of short-term earthquake predictionshows promise[J].EOS.Trans.AGU,1998,79:573-580.
[17]Sornette A,Sornette D.Earthquake rupture as a critical point:consequences for telluric precursors[J].Tectonophysics,1990,179:327-334.
[18]Molchanov O V.Fracturing as underlied mechanism of seis-moelectric signals[A]∥M Hayakawa.Atomspheric and lono-spheric electromagnetic phenomena associated with earthquakes[G].Tokyo:Terra Scinetific Publishing Co,1999.
[19]Surkov V V,Uyeda S,Tanaka H,et al..Fractal properties ofmedium and seismoelectric phenomena[J].Journal of Geody-namics,2002,33:477-487.
[20]Takeuchi A,Nagahama H.Scaling laws between seismo-elec-tric/magnetic fields and earthquake magnitude[J].Terra Nova,2004,16(3):152-156.
[21]Gershenzon N I,Gokhberg M B,Yunga S L.On the electro-magnetic field of an earthquake focus[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,1993,77:13-17.
[22]Huang Q,Ikeya M.Seismic electromagnetic signals(SEMS)explained by a simulation experiment using electromagnetic waves[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,1998,109:107-114.
[23]Huang Q,Ikeya M.Experimental study on the propagation ofseismic electromagnetic signals(SEMS)using a minigeographicmodel of the Taiwan strait[J].Episodes,1999,22:289-294.
[24]刘洪,李幼铭.对利用震电效应勘探油气水的几点看法[J].石油物探,1994,33(2):94-101.
[25]Valllianatos F,Tzanis A.On the nature,scaling and spectralproperties of pre-seismic ULF signals[J].Natural Hazards andEarth System Sciences,2003,3:237-242.
[26]Geller R L,Jackson D D,KaganY Y,et al..Earthquakes cannot be predicted[J].Science,1997,275:1616-1617.
[27]Vallianatos F.On possible scaling laws between electric earth-quake precursors(EEP)and earthquake magnitude[J].Geo-phys.Res.Lett.,1999,26(13):2013-201.
[28]Turcotte D L.Fractals and Chaos in Geology and Geophysics[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,Second edition,1997:397.
[29]钱书清,张以勤,曹惠馨,等.岩石破裂时产生的电磁脉冲的观测与研究[J].地震学报,1986,8(3):301-308.
[30]王恩元,何学秋,刘贞堂,等.受载岩石电磁辐射特征及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1473-1477.
[31]Hiratsen M W,Pride S R.Electroseismic waves from pointsources in layered media[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1997,102:24745-24769.
[32]Stauffer D.Scaling theory of percolation clusters[J].Phys.Re-ports,1979,54(1):1-74.
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