强地面运动持时对钢筋混凝土桥墩地震需求的影响
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摘要
在基于性能的地震工程学(PBEE)中,概率地震需求模型(PSDM)是一个重要部分,它需要对地震需求参数(EDP)进行概率估计。强地面运动的变异性对EDP的概率估计影响最大,作为强地面运动三要素之一的持时对结构破坏的影响已引起广泛关注。为了将持时与幅值、频谱的影响进行解耦,采用实际地震波和匹配同一反应谱的人工波,并进行合理的调值,对一座钢筋混凝土桥墩分别进行非线性动力时程分析。对比强地面运动持时和不同需求参数的相关性表明:持时对位移需求参数和延性需求参数影响甚微,但对表征能量的需求参数和累积破坏参数影响显著。同时,说明在选择结构第一模态周期谱加速度和合理的能量需求参数分别作为地面运动强度参数(IM)和EDP建立PSDM时,如何考虑持时的影响。
The influence of the duration of earthquake strong-motions on structural damage has aroused a broad at- tention of many researchers.In the process of nonlinear dynamic time history analysis on RC column by using real acceler- ograms and spectral matched artificial accelerograms with reasonable sealing,the influence of duration and that of ampli- tude or spectral characteristics on structural damage can be seperated.Comparison of the correlations between the duration of the ground motion and various demand measures reveals that the duration has no influence on demand measures using displacement and ductility,but is correlated to energy demand measures and cumulated damage measures.In establishing the probabilistic seismic demand model(PSDM),when the period spectral acceleration of the first mode and the reasona- ble energetic demand measures are adopted as the intensity measure (IM) and the engineering demand parameters(EDP) respectively,how to consider the influence of duration is important and expounded in the paper.
The influence of the duration of earthquake strong-motions on structural damage has aroused a broad at- tention of many researchers.In the process of nonlinear dynamic time history analysis on RC column by using real acceler- ograms and spectral matched artificial accelerograms with reasonable sealing,the influence of duration and that of ampli- tude or spectral characteristics on structural damage can be seperated.Comparison of the correlations between the duration of the ground motion and various demand measures reveals that the duration has no influence on demand measures using displacement and ductility,but is correlated to energy demand measures and cumulated damage measures.In establishing the probabilistic seismic demand model(PSDM),when the period spectral acceleration of the first mode and the reasona- ble energetic demand measures are adopted as the intensity measure (IM) and the engineering demand parameters(EDP) respectively,how to consider the influence of duration is important and expounded in the paper.
引文
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[27]胡聿贤．地震工程学[M]．北京：地震出版社，2006年第二版：150—173．
[2]Lee T H,Khalid M.Mosalam.Probabilistic Seismic Evalua- tion of Reinforced Concrete Structural Components and Sys- tems.2006/04.Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,University of California,Berkeley,CA.
[3]Julian J B,Guido M,Jonathan H,et al.The influence of strong-motion duration on the seismic response of masonry structures[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 2004,2:1 -26.
[4]Trifunac M D,Brady A G.A study on the duration of strong earthquake ground motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America.1975,65(3):581—626.
[5]Dobry R,Idriss I M,Ng E.Duration characteristics of hori- zontal components of strong-motion earthquake records[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1978,68 (5):1487—1520.
[6] Oh-Sung Kwon,Amr Elnashai.The effect of material and ground motion uncertainty on the seismic vulnerability curves of RC structure[J].Engineering Structures.2006,28: 289—303.
[7]Sarma S K,Casey B J.Duration of strong motion in earth- quake[C].Proceedings of the 9~(th)World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Tokyo Japan,10A.1990: 174—179.
[8]Bolt B A.Duration of strong ground motion[C].Proceedings of the 5~(th)World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Rome,1973,1:1304—1313.
[9]叶爱君．桥梁抗震[M]．北京：人民交通出版社，2002，83—84．
[10]聂利英，李建中，范立础．弹塑性纤维梁柱单元及其单元参数分析[J]．工程力学，2004，21(3)：15—20．
[11]Kent D C,Park R.Flexural members with confined concrete [J].Journal of Structural Engineering.1971,97(7): 1969 90.
[12]Mander J B,Priestley M J N,Park R.Theoretical stress- strain model for confined concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1988,114(8):1804—1826.
[13] Menegotto M,Pinto P E.Method of analysis for cyclically loaded R.C.plane frames including changes in geometry and non-elastic behaviour of elements under combined normal force and bending[C].Symposium on the Resistance and Ultimate Deformability of Structures Acted on by Well De- fined Repeated Loads,International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering,Zurich,Switzerland,1973: 15—22.
[14] Lee V W.Empirical scaling of strong earthquake ground mo- tion-part ii:duration of strong motion[J].Journal of Earth- quake Technology.2002,39(4):255—271.
[15]PEER Strong Ground Motion Database.http://peer,berke- ley.edu/NGA.
[16] Eurocode 8:Design provision for earthquake resistance of structures-Part 2.Bridges[S].
[17]Shome N,Cornell C A,Bazzurro P,et al.Earthquakes,re- cords and nonlinear responses[J].Earthquake Spectral, 1998,14(3):469—500.
[18]Jonathan H,Julian J.Bommer.Using spectral matched re- cords to explore the influence of strong-motion duration on in- elastic structural response[J].Soil Dynamics and Earth- quake Engineering.2007,27:291—299.
[19]范立础．桥梁抗震[M]．上海：同济大学出版社，1997，241—242，249．
[20]Park Y J,Ang A H S.Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete [J].Journal of Structural Division, ASCE.1985,111(4):722—739.
[21]Benjamin J R,Cornell C A.Probability,statistics and deci- sion for civil engineers [M]. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York.
[22]Chai T H,Romstad K M,Bird S M.Energy-based linear damage model for high-intensity seismic loading[J].Struc- tural Engineering.1995,121(5):857—864.
[23]El-Bahy A,Kunnath S K,Stone W C,et al.Cumulative seismic damage of circular bridge columns:benchmark and low-cycle fatigue tests[J].ACI Sturct J.1999,96(4): 633—641.
[24]Krawinkler H,Zohrei M.Cumulative damage in steel struc- tures subjected to earthquake ground motions[J].Comput- Struct.1983,16(1—4):531—541.
[25]Cornell C A,Jalayer F,Hamburger R O,et al.Probabilistic basis for 2000 SAC/FEMA steel moment frame guidelines [J].Journal of Structural Engineering.2002,128(4): 526—533.
[26]Harmsen S,Frankel A.Geographical deaggregation of seismic hazard in the United States[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America.2001,91(1):13—26.
[27]胡聿贤．地震工程学[M]．北京：地震出版社，2006年第二版：150—173．
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