利用多种地震学参数研究中国大陆地壳应变场
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摘要
地壳应变场研究是地球动力学研究的一个基础性领域, 以往文献的探索大多集中在地壳形变的测量和研究上, 包括大面积水准测量和GPS观测等。文中利用多种地震学参数研究中国大陆地壳应变场, 利用哈佛CMT目录和现代中国地震目录得到了中国大陆不同区域面波震级与标量地震矩的统计关系, 进而采用中国大陆历史地震资料研究中国大陆地壳应变场, 给出地震最大剪切应变率场的分布。研究结果显示, 青藏高原及其周边地区是最大剪切应变率的高值区, 帕米尔和阿萨姆地区的应变率值最大。与GPS得到的应变场结果进行比较, 两者的结果存在一致趋势。利用NEIC宽频带地震辐射能量目录研究了中国大陆的地震视应变分布, 显示地震的视应变分布与地壳应变水平存在一定相关关系, 且发生在青藏高原周边地区地震的视应变水平较高。这些研究结果为地球动力学研究的进一步深入探讨提供了新的科学资料。
Study on crustal strain field is a basic field in geodynamic researches. The researches in the field are mainly centralized in the survey and studies of the crustal deformation, including the leveling survey and GPS survey in a large area, etc. In this paper, the crustal strain field of the continental China is studied by using several seismic parameters. The statistic relationship between magnitude of surface wave and scalar seismic moment in different regions of China is presented by using Harvard CMT catalogue and present-day earthquake catalogue of China. Then, the historical earthquake data are used to study the crustal strain field on the China's continent, and the distribution of the seismic maximal shear strain rate is presented. The result indicates that the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions show a high-value of maximal shear strain rates, and the strain rates in the Pamirs and Asam regions are the largest. Compared with the GPS strain field, these two kings of results are coincident. The distribution of seismic apparent strain in China's continent is studied by using the seismic radiated energy catalogue that provide by the NEIC (National Earthquake Information Center). The distribution of apparent strain is related with the level of crustal deformation, and the apparent stains of earthquakes that located in the surrounding regions of Tibetan Plateau are higher. Those results provide new scientific data for the researches on geodynamic.
Study on crustal strain field is a basic field in geodynamic researches. The researches in the field are mainly centralized in the survey and studies of the crustal deformation, including the leveling survey and GPS survey in a large area, etc. In this paper, the crustal strain field of the continental China is studied by using several seismic parameters. The statistic relationship between magnitude of surface wave and scalar seismic moment in different regions of China is presented by using Harvard CMT catalogue and present-day earthquake catalogue of China. Then, the historical earthquake data are used to study the crustal strain field on the China's continent, and the distribution of the seismic maximal shear strain rate is presented. The result indicates that the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions show a high-value of maximal shear strain rates, and the strain rates in the Pamirs and Asam regions are the largest. Compared with the GPS strain field, these two kings of results are coincident. The distribution of seismic apparent strain in China's continent is studied by using the seismic radiated energy catalogue that provide by the NEIC (National Earthquake Information Center). The distribution of apparent strain is related with the level of crustal deformation, and the apparent stains of earthquakes that located in the surrounding regions of Tibetan Plateau are higher. Those results provide new scientific data for the researches on geodynamic.
引文
① http://www.seismology.harvard.edu/CMTsearch.html
[1] 张国民,张培震.“大陆强震机理与预测”中期学术进展[J].中国基础科学,2000,(10):410.
[2] 许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.由大量的地震资料推断的我国大陆构造应力场[J].地球物理学报,1989,32(6):636646.
[3] HoltW E,M Li,HainesA J.Earthquake strain rates and instantaneous relative motions withincentral and easternAsia[J].GeophyJ Int,1995,122:569593.
[4] 江在森,马宗晋,张希,等.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变参与构造变形[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):352358.
[5] 吴忠良,黄静,张东宁.地震矩张量元素Mrr空间分布与中国大陆岩石层地块[J].地震地质,2003,25(1):3338.
[6] 马瑾.从断层中心论向块体中心论[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4):363369.
[7] 张国民,马宏生,王辉.中国大陆活动地块与强震活动关系[J].中国科学(D辑),2004,34(7):591599.
[8] 王辉,张国民,汪素云,等.应用地震学方法研究中国大陆活动地块应力应变场[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):10351043.
[9] KostovV V.Seismic moment, energy of earthquakes, and the seismic flow of rock[A].IZV.Acad.Sci.USSR Phys.SolidEarth,Engl.Transl.,10:2344.
[10] 黄玮琼,李文香,曹学锋.中国大陆地震完整性研究(之二)[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):423432.
[11] 国家地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
[12] 中国地震局震害防御司.中国近代地震目录(公元1912~1990年)[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999.
[13] ZhangG M,WangS Y,Li li, et al.Focal depth research of earthquake inMainlandChina: implica tion for tectonics[J].ChineseScienceBulletin,2002,47(12):969974.
[14] 郭增建,秦保燕.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.
[15] HelffrichG R.How good are routinely determined focal mechanisms?Empirical statistics based on acomparison ofHarvard,USGS andERI moment tensors[J].GeophysJ Int,1997,131:741750.
[16] 吴忠良,黄静,林碧苍.中国西部地震视应力的空间分布[J].地震学报,2002,24(3):293301.
[17] WyssM,BruneJ N.Seismic moment, stress and source dimensions for earthquakes in theCalifor niaNevada region[J].J GeophyRes,1968,76:46814694.
[18] BoatwrightJ,ChoyG L.Teleseismic estimates of the energy radiated by shallow earthquakes[J].JGeophysRes,1986,91:20952112.
[19] ChoyG L,BoatwrightJ L.Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress[J].JGeophysRes,1995,100(B9):1820518228.
[20] 吴忠良.由宽频带辐射能量目录和地震矩目录给出的视应力及其地震学意义[J].中国地震,2001,17(1):815.
[21] 江在森,张希,陈文胜,等.地形变资料求解应变值的尺度相对性问题研究[J].地震学报,2000,22(4):352359.
[22] 杨国华,李延兴,韩月萍,等.由GPS 观测结果推导中国大陆现今水平应变场[J].地震学报,2002,24(4):337346.
[23] 李延兴,杨国华,李智,等.中国大陆活动地块的运动与应变状态[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):6581.
[24] 徐锡伟,陈文彬,于贵华,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山库塞湖地震(MS8.1)地表破裂带的基本特征[J].地震地质,2002,24(1):113.
[1] 张国民,张培震.“大陆强震机理与预测”中期学术进展[J].中国基础科学,2000,(10):410.
[2] 许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.由大量的地震资料推断的我国大陆构造应力场[J].地球物理学报,1989,32(6):636646.
[3] HoltW E,M Li,HainesA J.Earthquake strain rates and instantaneous relative motions withincentral and easternAsia[J].GeophyJ Int,1995,122:569593.
[4] 江在森,马宗晋,张希,等.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变参与构造变形[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):352358.
[5] 吴忠良,黄静,张东宁.地震矩张量元素Mrr空间分布与中国大陆岩石层地块[J].地震地质,2003,25(1):3338.
[6] 马瑾.从断层中心论向块体中心论[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4):363369.
[7] 张国民,马宏生,王辉.中国大陆活动地块与强震活动关系[J].中国科学(D辑),2004,34(7):591599.
[8] 王辉,张国民,汪素云,等.应用地震学方法研究中国大陆活动地块应力应变场[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):10351043.
[9] KostovV V.Seismic moment, energy of earthquakes, and the seismic flow of rock[A].IZV.Acad.Sci.USSR Phys.SolidEarth,Engl.Transl.,10:2344.
[10] 黄玮琼,李文香,曹学锋.中国大陆地震完整性研究(之二)[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):423432.
[11] 国家地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
[12] 中国地震局震害防御司.中国近代地震目录(公元1912~1990年)[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999.
[13] ZhangG M,WangS Y,Li li, et al.Focal depth research of earthquake inMainlandChina: implica tion for tectonics[J].ChineseScienceBulletin,2002,47(12):969974.
[14] 郭增建,秦保燕.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.
[15] HelffrichG R.How good are routinely determined focal mechanisms?Empirical statistics based on acomparison ofHarvard,USGS andERI moment tensors[J].GeophysJ Int,1997,131:741750.
[16] 吴忠良,黄静,林碧苍.中国西部地震视应力的空间分布[J].地震学报,2002,24(3):293301.
[17] WyssM,BruneJ N.Seismic moment, stress and source dimensions for earthquakes in theCalifor niaNevada region[J].J GeophyRes,1968,76:46814694.
[18] BoatwrightJ,ChoyG L.Teleseismic estimates of the energy radiated by shallow earthquakes[J].JGeophysRes,1986,91:20952112.
[19] ChoyG L,BoatwrightJ L.Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress[J].JGeophysRes,1995,100(B9):1820518228.
[20] 吴忠良.由宽频带辐射能量目录和地震矩目录给出的视应力及其地震学意义[J].中国地震,2001,17(1):815.
[21] 江在森,张希,陈文胜,等.地形变资料求解应变值的尺度相对性问题研究[J].地震学报,2000,22(4):352359.
[22] 杨国华,李延兴,韩月萍,等.由GPS 观测结果推导中国大陆现今水平应变场[J].地震学报,2002,24(4):337346.
[23] 李延兴,杨国华,李智,等.中国大陆活动地块的运动与应变状态[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):6581.
[24] 徐锡伟,陈文彬,于贵华,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山库塞湖地震(MS8.1)地表破裂带的基本特征[J].地震地质,2002,24(1):113.
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