基于岩石物理与地震正演的AVO分析方法
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摘要
以岩石物理理论为基础,根据测井资料和其他相关信息,建立了横波速度的估算方法。以研究区储层为例,进行了地震反射正演模拟,借以研究含气储层的地震反射特征。结果指出,可通过流体替换前后的地震反射差异建立烃类判别准则,并通过AVO分析实现储层含气与否的直接判别。通过对砂岩储层和碳酸盐岩储层的实际应用表明,AVO技术是一种能够反映孔隙流体对地震反射特征影响的有效方法,而建立在岩石物理与地震正演基础上的AVO分析具有更高的可信度和可行性。
Based on the theory of petrophysics, an approach of S-wave velocity estimation from logging data and other related information is developed. In a case study, seismic forward modelling is also carried out to ensure the reflection features of reservoir in the target area. According to the seismic reflection difference between before and after fluids displacement, a criterion for hydrocarbon detection is established, with which we can tell whether the layer contains gas or not. No matter the layer is sand or limestone, the criterion works well in the given examples. It is showed that AVO is an effective method to reveal the influence of porous fluids to seismic data, and the AVO analysis technology based on petrophysics and seismic modelling is relatively reliable and feasible.
Based on the theory of petrophysics, an approach of S-wave velocity estimation from logging data and other related information is developed. In a case study, seismic forward modelling is also carried out to ensure the reflection features of reservoir in the target area. According to the seismic reflection difference between before and after fluids displacement, a criterion for hydrocarbon detection is established, with which we can tell whether the layer contains gas or not. No matter the layer is sand or limestone, the criterion works well in the given examples. It is showed that AVO is an effective method to reveal the influence of porous fluids to seismic data, and the AVO analysis technology based on petrophysics and seismic modelling is relatively reliable and feasible.
引文
[1]GASSMANN F,Uber die elastizitat poroser medien[J].Vier,Der Natur Gesellschaft,1951,96:1-23.
[2]SHUEY R T.Amplification of the zoeppritz equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):609-614.
[3]黄中玉,赵金洲.纵波和转换波AVO联合反演技术[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):319-322.
[4]邹才能,张颖.油气田勘探开发实用地震新技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:275-325.
[5]RUTHERFORD S R,WILLIAMS W H.Amplitude-ver-sus-offset variations in gas sands[J].Geophysics,1989,54(2):680-688.
[6]CASTAGNAJ P.Framework for AVO gradient and in-tercept interpretation[J].Geophysics,1998,63(3):948-956.
[7]李红梅,李惠玲.花沟地区天然气藏分布规律及地震反射模式[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(1):45-49.
[8]胡贤根,尚新民,石林光,等.基于叠前时间偏移资料的AVO处理技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):343-346.
[9]YONGYI LI,JONATHAN D.The applications of ampli-tude versus offset in carbonate reservoirs:re-examining the potential[C].SEG70thAnnual Meeting Expanded Abstracs,Calgary,2000.
[2]SHUEY R T.Amplification of the zoeppritz equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):609-614.
[3]黄中玉,赵金洲.纵波和转换波AVO联合反演技术[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):319-322.
[4]邹才能,张颖.油气田勘探开发实用地震新技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:275-325.
[5]RUTHERFORD S R,WILLIAMS W H.Amplitude-ver-sus-offset variations in gas sands[J].Geophysics,1989,54(2):680-688.
[6]CASTAGNAJ P.Framework for AVO gradient and in-tercept interpretation[J].Geophysics,1998,63(3):948-956.
[7]李红梅,李惠玲.花沟地区天然气藏分布规律及地震反射模式[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(1):45-49.
[8]胡贤根,尚新民,石林光,等.基于叠前时间偏移资料的AVO处理技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):343-346.
[9]YONGYI LI,JONATHAN D.The applications of ampli-tude versus offset in carbonate reservoirs:re-examining the potential[C].SEG70thAnnual Meeting Expanded Abstracs,Calgary,2000.
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