单段与多段微差爆破地震的反应谱特征分析
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摘要
利用地震工程中广泛应用的反应谱理论对爆破地震效应进行研究。根据单自由度体系反应谱理论,采用计算量少、精确度高的三角插值解析公式法取代常用的分段线性插值法进行反应谱数值计算。结合大量工程爆破地震监测资料,对单段与多段微差爆破振动信号进行反应谱分析。分析结果表明,在单段与多段微差爆破中,不同结构体对爆破震动的响应显著不同;多段微差爆破在起到干扰降震的同时,使结构体对其震动响应出现选择放大的几率增加,不同结构体对爆破地震波的选择放大作用也不同。该方法对综合研究爆破机理和爆破地震波,特别是为将来构建爆破振动速度-频率相关安全准则提供了一种实用的分析技术。
The response spectrum that is largely applied in earthquake engineering is employed to study the blast seismic effect.Based on the response spectrum theory of system with single degree of freedom,the response spectrum is calculated by using analytical expression of trigonometric interpolation with great efficiency and high precision instead of piecewise linear interpolation.Response spectrum analysis of blast vibration signals in single and multi-deck blasting is performed with a vast amount of monitoring data from engineering blast.The results show that response characteristics of vibration induced by single deck and multi-deck blasting have marked differences.Multi-deck blasting not only has the good effects of reducing vibration by wave interference,but also increases the probability of selective magnification in the structural response on blasting-induced vibration.The effect of selective magnification varies with the types of structure.It is shown that the method provides an effective tool for studying blast seismic effect,especially constituting velocity-frequency safety criteria.
The response spectrum that is largely applied in earthquake engineering is employed to study the blast seismic effect.Based on the response spectrum theory of system with single degree of freedom,the response spectrum is calculated by using analytical expression of trigonometric interpolation with great efficiency and high precision instead of piecewise linear interpolation.Response spectrum analysis of blast vibration signals in single and multi-deck blasting is performed with a vast amount of monitoring data from engineering blast.The results show that response characteristics of vibration induced by single deck and multi-deck blasting have marked differences.Multi-deck blasting not only has the good effects of reducing vibration by wave interference,but also increases the probability of selective magnification in the structural response on blasting-induced vibration.The effect of selective magnification varies with the types of structure.It is shown that the method provides an effective tool for studying blast seismic effect,especially constituting velocity-frequency safety criteria.
引文
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[10]吕西林,周德源,李思明,等.建筑结构抗震设计理论与实例[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.(Lu Xilin,Zhou Deyuan,Li Siming,et al.Theory and Example of Antivibration for Building Structure[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2002.(in Chinese))
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[15]朱敏,朱镜清.反应谱计算的三角插值解析公式法[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(3):62-64.(Zhu Min,Zhu Jingqing.Calculation of response spectrum based on trigonometric interpolation[J].World Information on Earthquake Engineering,2001,17(3):62-64.(in Chinese))
[2]丁刚德,王伟策,陈小波.微差爆破的爆破地震反应谱分析[J].爆破,1997,14(3):24-29.(Ding Gangde,Wang Weice,Chen Xiaobo.Analysis of blasting vibration response of short delay blasting[J].Blasting,1997,14(3):24-29.(in Chinese))
[3]Gazetas T.Analysis of machine foundation vibrations:state of the art[J].International Journal of Soil Dyn.Earthq.Eng.,1983,2(1):2-42.
[4]Kaul M K.Stochastic characterization of earthquake through theirresponse spectrum[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1978,(6):497-509.
[5]刘军,吴从师.用传递函数预测建筑结构的爆破震动效应[J].矿冶工程,1998,18(4):1-4.(Liu Jun,Wu Congshi.Predicting blasting vibration effect of building using transfer function[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,1998,18(4):1-4.(in Chinese))
[6]李玉民,倪芝芳.地下工程开挖爆破的地面振动特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(3):274-278.(Li Yumin,Ni Zhifang.The characteristics on surface vibration of blasting in underground engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(3):274-278.(in Chinese))
[7]李方泽,刘馥清,王正.工程振动测试与分析[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1992.(Li Fangze,Liu Fuqing,Wang Zheng.Testing and Analyzing of Engineering Vibration[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1992.(in Chinese))
[8]John C M St,Zahrah T F.Seismic design of underground structure[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1987,2(2):165-197.
[9]李杰.几类反应谱的概念差异及其意义[J].世界地震工程,1993,9(4):9-14.(Li Jie.Several response spectrums’conception difference and their significance[J].World Information on Earthquake Engineering,1993,9(4):9-14.(in Chinese))
[10]吕西林,周德源,李思明,等.建筑结构抗震设计理论与实例[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.(Lu Xilin,Zhou Deyuan,Li Siming,et al.Theory and Example of Antivibration for Building Structure[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[11]Bismarck-Nasr M N,de Oliveira M.On enhancement of accuracy in direct integration dynamic response problems[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1991,20(7):699-715.
[12]王前信,王孝信.工程结构地震力理论[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.(Wang Qianxin,Wang Xiaoxin.Seismic Force Theory of Engineering Structure[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1979.(in Chinese))
[13]娄建武,龙源,方向,等.基于反应谱值分析的爆破震动破坏评估研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2003,23(1):41-46.(Lou Jianwu,Long Yuan,Fang Xiang,et al.Study on blasting vibration damage based on response spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2003,23(1):41-46.(in Chinese))
[14]蔡长青,沈建文.抛物线内插反应谱计算方法[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(1):87-92.(Cai Changqing,Shen Jianwen.Calculation of response spectrum by parabolic interpolation[J].World Information on Earthquake Engineering,2001,17(1):87-92.(in Chinese))
[15]朱敏,朱镜清.反应谱计算的三角插值解析公式法[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(3):62-64.(Zhu Min,Zhu Jingqing.Calculation of response spectrum based on trigonometric interpolation[J].World Information on Earthquake Engineering,2001,17(3):62-64.(in Chinese))
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