波浪对海床作用的试验研究
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摘要
采用波浪水槽模型试验的方法,研究波浪荷载作用下砂质和粉质海床的孔压响应问题。研究发现:与波浪理论的计算值相比,模型海床表面的动水压力测试值受填充样的影响;波浪荷载作用下,对于砂质海床,其内部超静孔压不会出现累积,而粉质海床孔压累积现象非常明显。结合试验数据,利用信号分析的方法,将不同的超静孔隙水压力增长模式分为3种,探讨波浪荷载作用下粉质海床的孔压发展机理。对土工布加固粉质海床进行模拟试验,结果表明:土工布可以显著地降低波浪荷载引起的粉质海床的超静孔隙水压力累积,起到防止海床液化的作用。
Experimental investigation is conducted in a wave flume in order to identify the wave-induced response of sandy and silty seabed. Comparing with the theoretical pressure, the test results indicate that measured pressure on the surface of the model seabed is slightly affected by the soil fill. In a silty seabed, the excess pore pressure mounts distinctly due to the progressive wave, whereas there is no such phenomenon in a sandy seabed. The mechanism of pore pressure generation in a silty seabed is discussed using the experimental data. Three types of modes for excess pore pressure generation are developed by signal analysis. An improved method using geotextile is proposed to strengthen the silty seabed. The test results show that the excess pore pressure falls remarkably and that the silty seabed can be prevented from liquefaction by use of geotextile.
Experimental investigation is conducted in a wave flume in order to identify the wave-induced response of sandy and silty seabed. Comparing with the theoretical pressure, the test results indicate that measured pressure on the surface of the model seabed is slightly affected by the soil fill. In a silty seabed, the excess pore pressure mounts distinctly due to the progressive wave, whereas there is no such phenomenon in a sandy seabed. The mechanism of pore pressure generation in a silty seabed is discussed using the experimental data. Three types of modes for excess pore pressure generation are developed by signal analysis. An improved method using geotextile is proposed to strengthen the silty seabed. The test results show that the excess pore pressure falls remarkably and that the silty seabed can be prevented from liquefaction by use of geotextile.
引文
[1]王立忠,潘冬子,凌道盛.海床波浪响应的积分变换解及其分析应用[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(7):847-852(Wang Lizhong,Pan Dongzi,Ling Daosheng.Analysis on integral transform of the wave-induced response in seabed and its application.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering[J],2006,28(7):847-852(in Chinese))
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[8]Demars K R,Vanover E A.Measurement of wave-induced pressures and stresses in a sandbed[J].Marine Geotechnology,1985,6(1):29-59
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[12]Miyamoto J,Sassa S,Sekiguchi H.Progressive solidification of a liquefied sand layer during continued wave loading[J].Geotechnique,2004,54(10):617-629
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[16]闫澍旺,邱长林,孙宝仓,等.波浪作用下海底软粘土力学性状的离心模型试验研究[J].水利学报,1998,29(9):66-70(Yan Shuwang,Qu Changlin,Sun Baocang,et al.Centrifugal test study on the behavior of soft clay at sea bottom under the action of wave force[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1998,29(9):66-70(in Chinese))
[17]李安龙,杨荣民,杨少丽,等.波浪加载下海底土质特性变化的研究[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(1):101-106(Li Anlong,Yang Rongmin,Yang Shaoli,et al.Study on the geotechnical behavior of sea bottom sediments under wave loading[J].Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,2003,33(1):101-106(in Chinese))
[18]闫澍旺,杨昌民,范期锦,等.波浪荷载作用下防波堤地基软化特性的试验研究[J].港工技术,2005,(2):44-47(Yan Shuwang,Yang Changmin,Fan Qijin,et al.Stability analysis on the breakwater in Yangtze Estuary under the action of wave load[J].Port Engineering Technology,2005(2):44-47(in Chinese))
[19]张晨明,董秀竹,郭莹,等.波浪荷载作用下砂土变形特性的模拟试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(2):155-159(ZhangChenming,DongXiuzhu,GuoYing,etal.Experimental study on dynamic deformation behavior of sand under wave-induced loading[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineeringVibration,2005,25(2):155-159(inChinese))
[20]刘涛,冯秀丽,林霖.海底孔压对波浪响应试验研究及数值模拟[J].海洋学报,2006,28(3):173-176(Liu Tao,Feng Xiuli,Lin Lin.Study of seabed pore water pressure based on in-situ test and numerical simulation[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2006,28(3):173-176(in Chinese))
[21]Le MéhautéB.An Introduction to Hydrodynamics and Water Waves[M].NewYork:Springer-Verlag,1976
[22]潘冬子.小波分析及其在基桩完整性检测中的应用研究[D].武汉:中科院武汉岩土力学研究所,2004(Pan Dongzi.Wavelet Analysis and Its Application in Integrity Testing of Piles[D].Wuhan:Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,CAS,2004(in Chinese))
[23]Pan D Z,Wang L Z,Pan C H.State-space solution of seabed-geotextile systems subjected to cyclic wave loadings[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2007,25(4-5):242-250
[2]Foda MA.Sea floor dynamics[M]//Advances in Coastal and Ocean Engineering,Vol.1.Liu P F L ed.Singapore:World Scientific PublishingCo.,1995:77-123
[3]栾茂田,郭莹,王栋,等.海床与海洋地基的动力分析理论与设计方法研究进展评述[C]//第六届全国土动力学学术会议论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002:28-47
[4]Jeng D S.Wave-induced seafloor dynamics[J].Applied Mechanics Review,2003,56(4):407-429
[5]Yamamoto T,Koning H L,Sellmeijer H,et al.On the response of a poro-elastic bed to water waves[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1978,87(1):193-206
[6]Tsui Y,Helfrich S C.Wave induced pore pressures in submerged sand layer[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1983,109(4):603-618
[7]Maeno Y,Hasegawa T.Evaluation of wave induced pore pressure in sand layer by wave steepness[J].CoastalEngineeringin Japan,1985,28:31-43
[8]Demars K R,Vanover E A.Measurement of wave-induced pressures and stresses in a sandbed[J].Marine Geotechnology,1985,6(1):29-59
[9]Tzang S Y.Water wave-induced soil fluidization in a cohe-sionless fine-grained seabed[D].Berkeley:Ph.D.Disserta-tion,UniversityofCalifornia,1992
[10]Sumer BM,Freds’e J,Christensen S,et al.Sinking/floatation ofpipelines and other objects in liquefied soil under waves[J].Coastal Engineering,1999,38(2):53-90
[11]Sassa S,Sekiguchi H.Wave-induced liquefaction of beds of sand in a centrifuge[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(5):621-638
[12]Miyamoto J,Sassa S,Sekiguchi H.Progressive solidification of a liquefied sand layer during continued wave loading[J].Geotechnique,2004,54(10):617-629
[13]Sumer B M,Hatipoglu F,Freds)e J,et al.The sequence of sediment behaviour during wave-induced liquefaction[J].Sedimentology,2006,53:611-629
[14]陈仲颐,李向维.波浪作用下海底土层的稳定性模型试验[C]//第六届土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集.上海:同济大学出版社,1991:855-858
[15]别社安,赵子丹,刘同利,等.波浪作用下砂床中的孔隙水压力响应模型试验研究[J].海洋通报,1997,16(5):55-65(Bie Shean,ZhaoZidan,Liu Tongli,et al.Model test ofwave-induced pore pressure in the sandyseabed[J].Marine Science Bulletin,1997,16(5):55-65(in Chinese))
[16]闫澍旺,邱长林,孙宝仓,等.波浪作用下海底软粘土力学性状的离心模型试验研究[J].水利学报,1998,29(9):66-70(Yan Shuwang,Qu Changlin,Sun Baocang,et al.Centrifugal test study on the behavior of soft clay at sea bottom under the action of wave force[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1998,29(9):66-70(in Chinese))
[17]李安龙,杨荣民,杨少丽,等.波浪加载下海底土质特性变化的研究[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(1):101-106(Li Anlong,Yang Rongmin,Yang Shaoli,et al.Study on the geotechnical behavior of sea bottom sediments under wave loading[J].Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,2003,33(1):101-106(in Chinese))
[18]闫澍旺,杨昌民,范期锦,等.波浪荷载作用下防波堤地基软化特性的试验研究[J].港工技术,2005,(2):44-47(Yan Shuwang,Yang Changmin,Fan Qijin,et al.Stability analysis on the breakwater in Yangtze Estuary under the action of wave load[J].Port Engineering Technology,2005(2):44-47(in Chinese))
[19]张晨明,董秀竹,郭莹,等.波浪荷载作用下砂土变形特性的模拟试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(2):155-159(ZhangChenming,DongXiuzhu,GuoYing,etal.Experimental study on dynamic deformation behavior of sand under wave-induced loading[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineeringVibration,2005,25(2):155-159(inChinese))
[20]刘涛,冯秀丽,林霖.海底孔压对波浪响应试验研究及数值模拟[J].海洋学报,2006,28(3):173-176(Liu Tao,Feng Xiuli,Lin Lin.Study of seabed pore water pressure based on in-situ test and numerical simulation[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2006,28(3):173-176(in Chinese))
[21]Le MéhautéB.An Introduction to Hydrodynamics and Water Waves[M].NewYork:Springer-Verlag,1976
[22]潘冬子.小波分析及其在基桩完整性检测中的应用研究[D].武汉:中科院武汉岩土力学研究所,2004(Pan Dongzi.Wavelet Analysis and Its Application in Integrity Testing of Piles[D].Wuhan:Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,CAS,2004(in Chinese))
[23]Pan D Z,Wang L Z,Pan C H.State-space solution of seabed-geotextile systems subjected to cyclic wave loadings[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2007,25(4-5):242-250
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