地震易损性分析方法研究综述
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摘要
结构的地震易损性分析对于预测结构的抗震性能、进行结构的抗震设计、加固和维修决策具有重要的应用价值。本文将对近几十年来地震易损性评估方法领域内的重大发展做全面综述,并对易损性分析方法的类别和优缺点及其应用作了总结和讨论。
Seismic fragility analysis is especially valuable for predicting structural seismic performance,seismic design,seismic retrofitting and decision making of repairing.This paper gives a full review of the significant developments in the field of seismic fragility assessment in the recent decades and the types and the advantages of the fragility analysis methods are also discussed.
Seismic fragility analysis is especially valuable for predicting structural seismic performance,seismic design,seismic retrofitting and decision making of repairing.This paper gives a full review of the significant developments in the field of seismic fragility assessment in the recent decades and the types and the advantages of the fragility analysis methods are also discussed.
引文
[1]Calvi G M,Pinho R,Magenes G,et al.Development of seismic vulnerability assessment methodologies over the past30 years[J].ISETJournalof Earthquake Technology,2006,43(3):75-104.
[2]于晓辉,吕大刚,王光远.土木工程结构地震易损性分析的研究进展[C]∥第二届结构工程新进展国际论坛,2008.
[3]吕大刚,李小鹏,王光远.基于可靠度和性能的结构整体性地震易损性分析[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(2):107-114.
[4]Whitman R V,Reed J W,Hong S T.Earthquake Damage Probability Matrices[C]∥Proc the 5th WCEE,Rome,italy,1973.
[5]ATC.Earthquake Damage Evaluation data for California[R].ATC-13.Applied Technology Council,Redwood City,U.S.A,1985.
[6]McCormack TC,Rad F N.An Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology for Buildings Based on ATC-13 and ATC-21[J].Earthquake Spec-tra,1997,13(4):605-621.
[7]Grünthal G.Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie:Volume 15-European Macroseismic Scale 1998[M].EuropeanCenter for Geodynamics and Seismology,Luxembourg,1998.
[8]Patricia Grossi.Earthquake damage assessment:from expert opinion to fragility curves[C]∥Proc the 8th ASCE Specialty Conference on Probabi-listic Mechanics and Structural Reliability,2000.
[9]Benedetti D,Petrini V.Sulla vulnerabilita Di Edifici in Muratura:Proposta Di Un Metodo Di Valutazione[J].L’industria delle costruzioni,1984,149(1):66-74.
[10]GNDT.Rischil Sismico Di Edifici Pubblici,Part I:Aspetti Metodologici[C]∥Proceedings of CNR-Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremo-ti,Roma,Italy,1993.
[11]Faccioli E,Pessina V,Calvi G M,et al.AStudy on damage scenarios for residential buildings in Catania City[J].Journal of Seismology,1999,3(3):327-343.
[12]ATC.Rapid visual screening of buildings for potential seismic hazards:AHandbook[R].ATC-21.Applied Technology Council,Redwood Cit-y,U.S.A,1988.
[13]Guagenti E,Petrini V.The Case of old nuildings:towards a damage-intensity relationship[C]∥Proc the 4th Italian National Conference onEarthquake Engineering.Milan,Italy,1989.
[14]Spence R,Coburn A W and Pomonis,A.Correlation of ground motion with building damage:The Definition of a newdamage-based seismic in-tensity scale[C]∥Proc the 10thWCEE,Madrid,Spain,1992.
[15]Orsini G A.Model for buildings’vulnerability assessment using the parameterless scale of seismic intensity(PSI)[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15(3):463-483.
[16]Sabetta F,Goretti A,Lucantoni A.Empirical fragility curves from damage surveys and estimated strong ground motion[C]∥Proceedings of the11th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Paris,France,1998.
[17]Wood HO,Neumann F.Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of1931[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1931,21(4):277-283.
[18]Rota M,Penna A,Strobbia C.Typological fragility curves fromItalian erthquake damage data[C]∥Proceedings of the First European Conferenceon Earthquake Engineering and Seismology,Geneva,Switzerland,2006.
[19]侯爽,郭安薪,李惠,等.城市典型建筑的地址损失预测方法I:结构易损性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(6):64-69.
[20]Rossetto T,Elnashai A.Derivation of vulnerability functions for European-Type RC structures based on observational data[J].Engineering Struc-tures,2003,25(10):1241-1263.
[21]Scawthorn C,Iemura H,Yamada Y.Seismic damage estimation for lowand mid-rise buildings in Japan[J].Earthquake Engineering&StructuralDynamics,1981,9(2):93-115.
[22]Shinozuka M,Chang S E,Eguchi R T,et al.Advances in earthquake loss estimation and application to Memphis,Tennessee[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1997,13(4):739-758.
[23]Dumova-Jovanoska,E.Fragility Curves for RC Structures in Skopje Region[C]∥Proc the 13th WCEE,Vancouver,Canada,2004.
[24]Singhal A,Kiremidjian A S.Method for probabilistic evaluation of seismic structural damage[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1996,122(12):1459-1467.
[25]Park Y J,Ang A HS.Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1985,111(4):722-739.
[26]Singhal A,Kiremidjian AS.Bayesian updating of fragilities with application to RC frames[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1998,124(8):922-929.
[27]Nasserasadi K,Ghafory-Ashtiany M,Eshghi S,et al.Developing seismic fragility functions of structures by stochastic approach[J].Asian Jour-nal of engineering(building and housing),2009,10(2):183-200.
[28]Nikos D Lagaros.Probabilistic fragility analysis:Atool for assessing design rules of RC buildings[J].Joural of Earthquake Engineering&Engi-neering Vibration,2008,7(1):45-56.
[29]Giorgio Lupoi,Paolo Franchin,Alessio Lupoi,et al.Seismic fragility analysis of structural systems[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2006,132(4):385-395.
[30]Kappos A J,Pitilakis K,Stylianidis,K C.Cost-benefit analysis for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings in Thessaloniki,based on a hybridmethod of vulnerability assessment[C]∥Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Seismic Zonation,Nice,France,1995,1:406-413.
[31]Kappos AJ,Stylianidis KC,Pitilakis,K.Development of seismic risk scenarios based on a hybrid method of vulnerability assessment[J].Natu-ral Hazards,1998,17(2):177-192.
[32]Barbat A H,Yepez Moya F,Canas J A.Damage scenarios simulation for seismic risk assessment in urban zones[J].Earthquake Spectra,1996,12(3):371-394.
[33]Abrama D P,Strength and behaviour of unreinforced masonry elements[C]∥Proc the 10thWCEE,Madrid,Spain,1992.
[34]Vamvatsikos D,Cornell C A.Incremental dynamic analysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,2002,31(3):491-514.
[35]施炜,叶列平,陆新征,等.不同抗震设防RC框架结构抗倒塌能力研究[C]∥第十二届高层建筑抗震技术交流会论文集,北京,2009.
[36]Bernardini A,Gori R,Modena C.Application of coupled analytical models and experimental knowledge to seismic vulnerability analyses of ma-sonry buildings in engineering damage evaluation and vulnerability analysis of building structures[C]∥(edited by AKoridze),Omega Scientific,Oxon,U.K,1990.
[37]D’Ayala D,Speranza,E.An integrated procedure for the assessment of seismic vulnerability of historic buildings[C].Proc the 12thEuropean onEarthquake Engineering.London,U.K.,2002.
[38]Calvi G M.A displacement-based approach for vulnerability evaluation of classes of buildings[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,1999,3(3):411-438.
[39]Priestley MJ N.Myths and Fallacies in earthquake engineering,Revisited:The Mallet Milne Lecture[M].IUSS Press,Pavia,Italy,2003.
[40]ATC.Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete buildings[R].ATC-40.Applied Technology Council,Redwood City,U.S.A,1996.
[41]Kircher C A,Nassar AA,Kustu O,et al.Development of Building Damage Functions for Earthquake Loss Estimation[J].Earthquake Spectra,1997,13(4):663-682.
[42]Antoniou S,Pinho R.Development and verification of a displacement-based adaptive pushover procedure[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineer-ing,2004,8(5):643-641.
[43]Seyedi D M,Gehl P,Douglas J,et al.Development of seismic fragility sufaces for reinforced concrete buildings by means of nonlinear time-histo-ry analysis[J].Earthquake Engng&Struct.Dyn,2010,39:91-108.
[44]Cagdas Kafali,Mircea Grigoriu.Seismic fragility analysis:Application to simple linear and nonlinear systems[J].Earthquake Engng&Struct.Dyn,2007,36:1885-1900.
[45]FEMA.HAZUS99 Technical Manual[M].Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,DC,U.S.A.,1999.
[46]FEMA.HAZUS99 Estimated annualized earthquake loss for the United States[R].Report FEMA366,Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,DC,U.S.A.,2001.
[47]FEMA.HAZUS-MHTechnical Manual[M].Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,DC,U.S.A.,2003.
[48]姜绍飞,杨博,党永勤.易损性分析在结构抗震及健康监测中的应用[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2008,25(2):15-23.
[49]Ellen Taylor.The development of fragility relationships for controlled structures[D].Master's Thesis.Department of Civil Engineering,Washing-ton University,2007.
[50]Hwang H,刘晶波.地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥梁结构易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(6):47-51.
[2]于晓辉,吕大刚,王光远.土木工程结构地震易损性分析的研究进展[C]∥第二届结构工程新进展国际论坛,2008.
[3]吕大刚,李小鹏,王光远.基于可靠度和性能的结构整体性地震易损性分析[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(2):107-114.
[4]Whitman R V,Reed J W,Hong S T.Earthquake Damage Probability Matrices[C]∥Proc the 5th WCEE,Rome,italy,1973.
[5]ATC.Earthquake Damage Evaluation data for California[R].ATC-13.Applied Technology Council,Redwood City,U.S.A,1985.
[6]McCormack TC,Rad F N.An Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology for Buildings Based on ATC-13 and ATC-21[J].Earthquake Spec-tra,1997,13(4):605-621.
[7]Grünthal G.Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie:Volume 15-European Macroseismic Scale 1998[M].EuropeanCenter for Geodynamics and Seismology,Luxembourg,1998.
[8]Patricia Grossi.Earthquake damage assessment:from expert opinion to fragility curves[C]∥Proc the 8th ASCE Specialty Conference on Probabi-listic Mechanics and Structural Reliability,2000.
[9]Benedetti D,Petrini V.Sulla vulnerabilita Di Edifici in Muratura:Proposta Di Un Metodo Di Valutazione[J].L’industria delle costruzioni,1984,149(1):66-74.
[10]GNDT.Rischil Sismico Di Edifici Pubblici,Part I:Aspetti Metodologici[C]∥Proceedings of CNR-Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremo-ti,Roma,Italy,1993.
[11]Faccioli E,Pessina V,Calvi G M,et al.AStudy on damage scenarios for residential buildings in Catania City[J].Journal of Seismology,1999,3(3):327-343.
[12]ATC.Rapid visual screening of buildings for potential seismic hazards:AHandbook[R].ATC-21.Applied Technology Council,Redwood Cit-y,U.S.A,1988.
[13]Guagenti E,Petrini V.The Case of old nuildings:towards a damage-intensity relationship[C]∥Proc the 4th Italian National Conference onEarthquake Engineering.Milan,Italy,1989.
[14]Spence R,Coburn A W and Pomonis,A.Correlation of ground motion with building damage:The Definition of a newdamage-based seismic in-tensity scale[C]∥Proc the 10thWCEE,Madrid,Spain,1992.
[15]Orsini G A.Model for buildings’vulnerability assessment using the parameterless scale of seismic intensity(PSI)[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15(3):463-483.
[16]Sabetta F,Goretti A,Lucantoni A.Empirical fragility curves from damage surveys and estimated strong ground motion[C]∥Proceedings of the11th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Paris,France,1998.
[17]Wood HO,Neumann F.Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of1931[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1931,21(4):277-283.
[18]Rota M,Penna A,Strobbia C.Typological fragility curves fromItalian erthquake damage data[C]∥Proceedings of the First European Conferenceon Earthquake Engineering and Seismology,Geneva,Switzerland,2006.
[19]侯爽,郭安薪,李惠,等.城市典型建筑的地址损失预测方法I:结构易损性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(6):64-69.
[20]Rossetto T,Elnashai A.Derivation of vulnerability functions for European-Type RC structures based on observational data[J].Engineering Struc-tures,2003,25(10):1241-1263.
[21]Scawthorn C,Iemura H,Yamada Y.Seismic damage estimation for lowand mid-rise buildings in Japan[J].Earthquake Engineering&StructuralDynamics,1981,9(2):93-115.
[22]Shinozuka M,Chang S E,Eguchi R T,et al.Advances in earthquake loss estimation and application to Memphis,Tennessee[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1997,13(4):739-758.
[23]Dumova-Jovanoska,E.Fragility Curves for RC Structures in Skopje Region[C]∥Proc the 13th WCEE,Vancouver,Canada,2004.
[24]Singhal A,Kiremidjian A S.Method for probabilistic evaluation of seismic structural damage[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1996,122(12):1459-1467.
[25]Park Y J,Ang A HS.Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1985,111(4):722-739.
[26]Singhal A,Kiremidjian AS.Bayesian updating of fragilities with application to RC frames[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1998,124(8):922-929.
[27]Nasserasadi K,Ghafory-Ashtiany M,Eshghi S,et al.Developing seismic fragility functions of structures by stochastic approach[J].Asian Jour-nal of engineering(building and housing),2009,10(2):183-200.
[28]Nikos D Lagaros.Probabilistic fragility analysis:Atool for assessing design rules of RC buildings[J].Joural of Earthquake Engineering&Engi-neering Vibration,2008,7(1):45-56.
[29]Giorgio Lupoi,Paolo Franchin,Alessio Lupoi,et al.Seismic fragility analysis of structural systems[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2006,132(4):385-395.
[30]Kappos A J,Pitilakis K,Stylianidis,K C.Cost-benefit analysis for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings in Thessaloniki,based on a hybridmethod of vulnerability assessment[C]∥Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Seismic Zonation,Nice,France,1995,1:406-413.
[31]Kappos AJ,Stylianidis KC,Pitilakis,K.Development of seismic risk scenarios based on a hybrid method of vulnerability assessment[J].Natu-ral Hazards,1998,17(2):177-192.
[32]Barbat A H,Yepez Moya F,Canas J A.Damage scenarios simulation for seismic risk assessment in urban zones[J].Earthquake Spectra,1996,12(3):371-394.
[33]Abrama D P,Strength and behaviour of unreinforced masonry elements[C]∥Proc the 10thWCEE,Madrid,Spain,1992.
[34]Vamvatsikos D,Cornell C A.Incremental dynamic analysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,2002,31(3):491-514.
[35]施炜,叶列平,陆新征,等.不同抗震设防RC框架结构抗倒塌能力研究[C]∥第十二届高层建筑抗震技术交流会论文集,北京,2009.
[36]Bernardini A,Gori R,Modena C.Application of coupled analytical models and experimental knowledge to seismic vulnerability analyses of ma-sonry buildings in engineering damage evaluation and vulnerability analysis of building structures[C]∥(edited by AKoridze),Omega Scientific,Oxon,U.K,1990.
[37]D’Ayala D,Speranza,E.An integrated procedure for the assessment of seismic vulnerability of historic buildings[C].Proc the 12thEuropean onEarthquake Engineering.London,U.K.,2002.
[38]Calvi G M.A displacement-based approach for vulnerability evaluation of classes of buildings[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,1999,3(3):411-438.
[39]Priestley MJ N.Myths and Fallacies in earthquake engineering,Revisited:The Mallet Milne Lecture[M].IUSS Press,Pavia,Italy,2003.
[40]ATC.Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete buildings[R].ATC-40.Applied Technology Council,Redwood City,U.S.A,1996.
[41]Kircher C A,Nassar AA,Kustu O,et al.Development of Building Damage Functions for Earthquake Loss Estimation[J].Earthquake Spectra,1997,13(4):663-682.
[42]Antoniou S,Pinho R.Development and verification of a displacement-based adaptive pushover procedure[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineer-ing,2004,8(5):643-641.
[43]Seyedi D M,Gehl P,Douglas J,et al.Development of seismic fragility sufaces for reinforced concrete buildings by means of nonlinear time-histo-ry analysis[J].Earthquake Engng&Struct.Dyn,2010,39:91-108.
[44]Cagdas Kafali,Mircea Grigoriu.Seismic fragility analysis:Application to simple linear and nonlinear systems[J].Earthquake Engng&Struct.Dyn,2007,36:1885-1900.
[45]FEMA.HAZUS99 Technical Manual[M].Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,DC,U.S.A.,1999.
[46]FEMA.HAZUS99 Estimated annualized earthquake loss for the United States[R].Report FEMA366,Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,DC,U.S.A.,2001.
[47]FEMA.HAZUS-MHTechnical Manual[M].Federal Emergency Management Agency,Washington,DC,U.S.A.,2003.
[48]姜绍飞,杨博,党永勤.易损性分析在结构抗震及健康监测中的应用[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2008,25(2):15-23.
[49]Ellen Taylor.The development of fragility relationships for controlled structures[D].Master's Thesis.Department of Civil Engineering,Washing-ton University,2007.
[50]Hwang H,刘晶波.地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥梁结构易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(6):47-51.
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