华北块体、胶辽朝块体与郯庐断裂
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摘要
华北块体(NCB)与胶辽朝块体(JLKB)是中朝板块东部从震旦纪(680Ma)开始裂解的两个不同的构造单元。两个块体的界线称古郯庐断裂(PTLF)。古郯庐断裂位置与现今郯庐断裂(TLF)相吻合,即由合肥向北延伸,过渤海,经沈阳以东呈NE走向至吉林南部。古郯庐断裂带附近震旦纪碳酸盐岩中的强地震记录及相应的辉绿岩侵位,是中朝板块内部裂解的基本地质证据,古郯庐断裂带(板内地震带)与元古超大陆Rodinia的裂解时期是一致的。两个块体上,太古宙基底岩石不同;元古宙及古生代的发展历史有别,两个块体于晚石炭世的莫斯科期重新闭合。朝鲜半岛中部的临津江带曾被认为是大别—胶南造山带的东延部分,但临津江带只是一般性断裂,胶南超高压带在朝鲜半岛并未发现。朝鲜半岛南部主体与辽东半岛古生界相似,因此,将中朝板块的南界,也是胶辽朝块体的南界置于朝鲜半岛之南,它与胶南造山带以黄海转换断层(YSTF)联结。辽宁省瓦房店(旧称复县)与山东省蒙阴含金刚石的金伯利岩分布在郯庐断裂带的东、西两侧,南北方向距离约550km。两地金伯利岩年龄值在500～450Ma之间,即中奥陶世末侵位。鉴于两地金伯利岩在岩相学、矿物学与侵位年龄等某些方面的相似性,又紧邻郯庐断裂两侧,有些地质学家认为二者在侵位时可能相距颇近,属同一岩省,因而将瓦房
In the Sinian(680Ma ),the Sino-Korean plate began to break up into two different tectonic units,the Jiao -Liao -Korea block(JLKB)and North China block(NCB).The boundary of the two blocks is called the Paleo-Tanlu fault(PTLF).The position of this fault is coincident with he present Tanlu fault,which extends from Hefei northward via the Bohai Sea to east of Shenyang and then turns NE and goes to southern Jilin.Strong earthquake records in Sinian carbonate rocks in the vicinity of the PTLF and corresponding diabase emplacement are basic geological evidence for the intraplate break-up of the Sino-Korean plate.The break-up period of the PTLF(intraplate seismic zone)is consistent with that of Proterozoic Rodinia.Archean basement rocks in the two blocks are different and the Proterozoic and Paleozoic histories of the two blocks on the eastern and western sides of the PTLE are different.The two blocks were again amalgamated in the Late Carboniferous Moscovian stage.The Rimjin River zone on the central Korea Peninsula was considered the eastward extension of the Dabie-Jiaonan orogenic belt.Howev-er,the Rimjin River zone is only an ordinary fault and China's Jiaonan ultrahigh-pressure belt bas not been found on the Korea Peninsula.Considering the similarity in the Paleozoic between the southern main area of the Korea Peninsula and the Liaodong Peninsu la,the southern boundary of the Sino-Korean plate,i.e.the southern boundary of the JLKB is placed on Jizhou Island south of the Korea Peninsula in the pa-per.It joins the Jiaonan orogenic belt with the presumed Yellow Sea transform fault.Diamondiferous kim-berlites in Wafangdian(originally called Fuxian County)of Liaoning Province and Mengyin of Shandong Province are distributed on the eastern and western sides of the Tanlu fault over a longitudinal distance of ～550km.The age of the kimberlites in the two areas ranges from500to450Ma ,i.e.the rock was em-placed at the end of the Middle Ordovician.Since the kimberlites in the two areas have similarities in some aspects such as petrography,mineralogy and emplacement age and are both close to the Tanlu fault,some geologists think that the kimberlites of the two areas were possibly very close to each other during their emplacement and belong to the same province;therefore they always explain the distance letween the Wafangdian and Mengyin kimlerlite provinces with the great displacement of the Tanlu fault.The Tanlu fault is a deep fault cutting through the lithosphere.Comparison of the differences and similarities between the lithosphere profiles of Wafangdian and Mengyin provides significant evidence for judging whether the Tanlu fault has a great displacement.Study of the mantle samples in the kimberlites reveals that the profiles of the paleo -lithosphere that the kimberlites in the two areas cut through during their emplacement are very different.This indicates that the two areas are neither contiguous nor close to each other at that time.On the basis of the above-mentioned sample study,combined with the new understanding got from a study of the regional geological structure,the authors find that the two kimberlites were actually emplaced separately into two different tectonic units of the Sino-Korean plate and the distance between the two ar-eas is independent of displacement.This finding does not support the view of the great displacement caused by the Tanlu fault.
In the Sinian(680Ma ),the Sino-Korean plate began to break up into two different tectonic units,the Jiao -Liao -Korea block(JLKB)and North China block(NCB).The boundary of the two blocks is called the Paleo-Tanlu fault(PTLF).The position of this fault is coincident with he present Tanlu fault,which extends from Hefei northward via the Bohai Sea to east of Shenyang and then turns NE and goes to southern Jilin.Strong earthquake records in Sinian carbonate rocks in the vicinity of the PTLF and corresponding diabase emplacement are basic geological evidence for the intraplate break-up of the Sino-Korean plate.The break-up period of the PTLF(intraplate seismic zone)is consistent with that of Proterozoic Rodinia.Archean basement rocks in the two blocks are different and the Proterozoic and Paleozoic histories of the two blocks on the eastern and western sides of the PTLE are different.The two blocks were again amalgamated in the Late Carboniferous Moscovian stage.The Rimjin River zone on the central Korea Peninsula was considered the eastward extension of the Dabie-Jiaonan orogenic belt.Howev-er,the Rimjin River zone is only an ordinary fault and China's Jiaonan ultrahigh-pressure belt bas not been found on the Korea Peninsula.Considering the similarity in the Paleozoic between the southern main area of the Korea Peninsula and the Liaodong Peninsu la,the southern boundary of the Sino-Korean plate,i.e.the southern boundary of the JLKB is placed on Jizhou Island south of the Korea Peninsula in the pa-per.It joins the Jiaonan orogenic belt with the presumed Yellow Sea transform fault.Diamondiferous kim-berlites in Wafangdian(originally called Fuxian County)of Liaoning Province and Mengyin of Shandong Province are distributed on the eastern and western sides of the Tanlu fault over a longitudinal distance of ～550km.The age of the kimberlites in the two areas ranges from500to450Ma ,i.e.the rock was em-placed at the end of the Middle Ordovician.Since the kimberlites in the two areas have similarities in some aspects such as petrography,mineralogy and emplacement age and are both close to the Tanlu fault,some geologists think that the kimberlites of the two areas were possibly very close to each other during their emplacement and belong to the same province;therefore they always explain the distance letween the Wafangdian and Mengyin kimlerlite provinces with the great displacement of the Tanlu fault.The Tanlu fault is a deep fault cutting through the lithosphere.Comparison of the differences and similarities between the lithosphere profiles of Wafangdian and Mengyin provides significant evidence for judging whether the Tanlu fault has a great displacement.Study of the mantle samples in the kimberlites reveals that the profiles of the paleo -lithosphere that the kimberlites in the two areas cut through during their emplacement are very different.This indicates that the two areas are neither contiguous nor close to each other at that time.On the basis of the above-mentioned sample study,combined with the new understanding got from a study of the regional geological structure,the authors find that the two kimberlites were actually emplaced separately into two different tectonic units of the Sino-Korean plate and the distance between the two ar-eas is independent of displacement.This finding does not support the view of the great displacement caused by the Tanlu fault.
引文
钟凤竹,刘希光,张广诚,等.我国金伯利岩岩石矿物特征及其与相似岩石的区别,1980.
庄德厚.辽宁复县金刚石原生矿床地质研究报告,辽宁省地质矿产局,1982.
[1]伍家善,耿元生,沈其韩,等.中朝古大陆太古宙地质特征及构造演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.1～211.
[2]杨志坚.胶东地块研究取得新进展[J].中国区域地质,1992,(1):43～50.
[3]WangHongzhen,MoXuanxue.AnoutlineofthetectonicevolutionofChina[J].Episodes,1995,18(1-2):6～16.
[4]任纪舜,王作勋,陈炳蔚,等.从全球看中国大地构造——中国及邻区大地构造图简要说明[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.1～50.
[5]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16～34.
[6]宋明春,王来明.对胶南造山带基础地质问题的新认识[J].中国区域地质,2000,19(1):1～6.
[7]ChangKi-Hong.PaleozoicYellow-SeatransformfaultandMesozoicKorea[J].GeosciencesJournal,2000,4(SpecialEdition):4～6.
[8]万天丰.中朝与扬子板块的鉴别特征[J].地质论评,2001,47(1):57～63.
[9]安太庠,马文璞.中朝地台的中奥陶统—下石炭统及其古地理和构造含意[J].地球科学,1993,18(6):777～791.
[10]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳.古郯庐带新元古界[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.1～128.
[11]乔秀夫,高林志.华北中新元古代及早古生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系[J].科学通报,1999,44(16):1753～1758.
[12]潘国强,孔庆友,吴俊奇,等.徐宿地区新元古代辉绿岩床的地球化学特征[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(1):53～63.
[13]潘国强,刘家润,孔庆友,等.徐宿地区震旦纪地质事件及其成因讨论[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(4):566～575.
[14]彭阳,季强,章雨旭,等.北京西山及邻区寒武系顶部微晶丘特征及层序地层学意义[J].地质论评,1998,44(1):35～43.
[15]LeeDai-Sung.GeologyofKorea[M].Seoul:Kyohah-SaPublishingCo.1988.1～499.
[16]尚冠雄,汪曾阴.华北地台东部之中石炭统[J].地层学杂志,1988,12(14):255～261.
[17]WanTianfeng.FormationandEvolutionoftheTancheng-LujiangFaultZone[M].Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress,1996.1～85.
[18]许志琴,张巧大,赵民.郯庐断裂中段古裂谷的基本特征[J].中国地质科学院院报,1982,(4):17～44.
[19]王小凤,李中坚,陈伯林,等.郯庐断裂带[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.1～374.
[20]XuJW,ZhuG,TongWX,etal.Formationandevolu-tionoftheTancheng-Lujiangwrenchfaultsystem:amajorshearsystemtothenorthwestofthePacificOcean[J].Tectonophysis,1987,(134):273～310.
[21]XuJiawei,TongWeixing,ZhuGuang,etal.AnoutlineofthePre-JurassictectonicframeworkinEastAsia[J].JournalofSoutheaetAsianEarthSciences,1989,3(1-4):29～45.
[22]朱光,宋传中,王道轩.郯庐断裂带走滑时代的40Ar/39Ar年代学研究及其构造意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(3):250～256.
[23]乔秀夫,宋天锐,李海兵,等.辽东半岛南部震旦系—下寒武统成因地层[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.1～174.
[24]国家地震局地质研究所.郯庐断裂[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.1～254.
[25]徐嘉炜.郯庐断裂带的平移运动及其地质意义[C].《国际地质交流学术论文集》(1)北京:地质出版社,1980.129～142.
[26]徐嘉炜.再论郯庐断裂带的最大平移幅度—鲁西辽北地块的对比[J].中国地质科学院沈阳地质研究所所刊,1994,(3):43～55.
[27]乔秀夫.对郯庐断裂巨大平移之质疑[J].地质论评,1981,27(3):222～224.
[28]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件,层序及构造意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(11):911～918.
[29]DobbsPN,DuncanDJ,HuS,etal.TheGeologyoftheMengyinkimberlites,Shandong,China[A].In:HenryOAMeyer,OthonHLeonardos.eds.Kimberlites,relatedrocksandmantlexenoliths.ProceedingsoftheFifthInternationalKimberliteConference[C].Araxa,Brazil.Brasilia:CPRMSpecialPublication,ⅠB,1994,40～61.
[30]ZhangAndi,HenryOAMeyer.InclusionsindiamondsfromChinesekimberlites[A].In:ExtendedAbstracts.28thInternationalGeologicalCongress[C].WashingtonDC.U.S.A.1989,1～3.
[31]ZhangAndi,XuDehuan,XieXilin,etal.ThestatusandfutureofdiamondexplorationinChina[A].In:HenryOAMeyer,OthonHLeonardos.eds.Diamonds:Characterization,GenesisandExploration.ProceedingsoftheFifthInternationalKimberliteConference[C].Araxa,Brazil.Brasilia:CPRMSpecialPublication,ⅠB,1994,268～284.
[32]MeyerHOA,ZhangA,MilledgeHJ,etal.DiamondsandinclusionsindiamondsfromChinesekimberlites[A].In:MeyerHOA,LeonardosOHeds.Diamonds:Character-ization,GenesisandExploration[C].Araxa,Brasilia:CPRMSpec.Publ.ⅠB,1994,98～105.
[33]ZhouJ,GriffinWL,JaquesAL,etal.GeochemietryofdiamondindicatormineralsfromChina[A].In:MeyerHOA,LeonardosOHeds.Diamonds:Charaeterization,GenesisandExploration[C].Araxa,Brasilia:CPRMSpec.Publ.ⅠB,1994,285～301.
[34]TompkinsLA,MeyerSP
庄德厚.辽宁复县金刚石原生矿床地质研究报告,辽宁省地质矿产局,1982.
[1]伍家善,耿元生,沈其韩,等.中朝古大陆太古宙地质特征及构造演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.1～211.
[2]杨志坚.胶东地块研究取得新进展[J].中国区域地质,1992,(1):43～50.
[3]WangHongzhen,MoXuanxue.AnoutlineofthetectonicevolutionofChina[J].Episodes,1995,18(1-2):6～16.
[4]任纪舜,王作勋,陈炳蔚,等.从全球看中国大地构造——中国及邻区大地构造图简要说明[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.1～50.
[5]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16～34.
[6]宋明春,王来明.对胶南造山带基础地质问题的新认识[J].中国区域地质,2000,19(1):1～6.
[7]ChangKi-Hong.PaleozoicYellow-SeatransformfaultandMesozoicKorea[J].GeosciencesJournal,2000,4(SpecialEdition):4～6.
[8]万天丰.中朝与扬子板块的鉴别特征[J].地质论评,2001,47(1):57～63.
[9]安太庠,马文璞.中朝地台的中奥陶统—下石炭统及其古地理和构造含意[J].地球科学,1993,18(6):777～791.
[10]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳.古郯庐带新元古界[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.1～128.
[11]乔秀夫,高林志.华北中新元古代及早古生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系[J].科学通报,1999,44(16):1753～1758.
[12]潘国强,孔庆友,吴俊奇,等.徐宿地区新元古代辉绿岩床的地球化学特征[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(1):53～63.
[13]潘国强,刘家润,孔庆友,等.徐宿地区震旦纪地质事件及其成因讨论[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(4):566～575.
[14]彭阳,季强,章雨旭,等.北京西山及邻区寒武系顶部微晶丘特征及层序地层学意义[J].地质论评,1998,44(1):35～43.
[15]LeeDai-Sung.GeologyofKorea[M].Seoul:Kyohah-SaPublishingCo.1988.1～499.
[16]尚冠雄,汪曾阴.华北地台东部之中石炭统[J].地层学杂志,1988,12(14):255～261.
[17]WanTianfeng.FormationandEvolutionoftheTancheng-LujiangFaultZone[M].Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress,1996.1～85.
[18]许志琴,张巧大,赵民.郯庐断裂中段古裂谷的基本特征[J].中国地质科学院院报,1982,(4):17～44.
[19]王小凤,李中坚,陈伯林,等.郯庐断裂带[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.1～374.
[20]XuJW,ZhuG,TongWX,etal.Formationandevolu-tionoftheTancheng-Lujiangwrenchfaultsystem:amajorshearsystemtothenorthwestofthePacificOcean[J].Tectonophysis,1987,(134):273～310.
[21]XuJiawei,TongWeixing,ZhuGuang,etal.AnoutlineofthePre-JurassictectonicframeworkinEastAsia[J].JournalofSoutheaetAsianEarthSciences,1989,3(1-4):29～45.
[22]朱光,宋传中,王道轩.郯庐断裂带走滑时代的40Ar/39Ar年代学研究及其构造意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(3):250～256.
[23]乔秀夫,宋天锐,李海兵,等.辽东半岛南部震旦系—下寒武统成因地层[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.1～174.
[24]国家地震局地质研究所.郯庐断裂[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.1～254.
[25]徐嘉炜.郯庐断裂带的平移运动及其地质意义[C].《国际地质交流学术论文集》(1)北京:地质出版社,1980.129～142.
[26]徐嘉炜.再论郯庐断裂带的最大平移幅度—鲁西辽北地块的对比[J].中国地质科学院沈阳地质研究所所刊,1994,(3):43～55.
[27]乔秀夫.对郯庐断裂巨大平移之质疑[J].地质论评,1981,27(3):222～224.
[28]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件,层序及构造意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(11):911～918.
[29]DobbsPN,DuncanDJ,HuS,etal.TheGeologyoftheMengyinkimberlites,Shandong,China[A].In:HenryOAMeyer,OthonHLeonardos.eds.Kimberlites,relatedrocksandmantlexenoliths.ProceedingsoftheFifthInternationalKimberliteConference[C].Araxa,Brazil.Brasilia:CPRMSpecialPublication,ⅠB,1994,40～61.
[30]ZhangAndi,HenryOAMeyer.InclusionsindiamondsfromChinesekimberlites[A].In:ExtendedAbstracts.28thInternationalGeologicalCongress[C].WashingtonDC.U.S.A.1989,1～3.
[31]ZhangAndi,XuDehuan,XieXilin,etal.ThestatusandfutureofdiamondexplorationinChina[A].In:HenryOAMeyer,OthonHLeonardos.eds.Diamonds:Characterization,GenesisandExploration.ProceedingsoftheFifthInternationalKimberliteConference[C].Araxa,Brazil.Brasilia:CPRMSpecialPublication,ⅠB,1994,268～284.
[32]MeyerHOA,ZhangA,MilledgeHJ,etal.DiamondsandinclusionsindiamondsfromChinesekimberlites[A].In:MeyerHOA,LeonardosOHeds.Diamonds:Character-ization,GenesisandExploration[C].Araxa,Brasilia:CPRMSpec.Publ.ⅠB,1994,98～105.
[33]ZhouJ,GriffinWL,JaquesAL,etal.GeochemietryofdiamondindicatormineralsfromChina[A].In:MeyerHOA,LeonardosOHeds.Diamonds:Charaeterization,GenesisandExploration[C].Araxa,Brasilia:CPRMSpec.Publ.ⅠB,1994,285～301.
[34]TompkinsLA,MeyerSP
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