对突发事件中救援官兵心理干预的具体原则和策略的分析

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英文篇名：Principles and Strategies of Early PsychologicaI Intervention in the Officers and Men in Outburst Accidents 中文刊名：中国健康心理学杂志 英文刊名：China Journal of Health Psychology 作者：张康莉 英文作者：Zhang Kangli.Outpatient Service of Psychology ; Ji Nan Military General Hospital ; Jinan ; Shandong 250031 ; P.R.China 中文关键词：心理干预 ; 原则和策略 ; 示范互动 ; 抗震官兵 英文关键词：Psychological intervention ; Principles and strategies ; Interactive demonstration ; Officers and men against earthquake 出版日期：2009-07-15 机构：中国.济南军区总医院心理门诊; 年：2009 期：07 出版单位：中国健康心理学杂志

摘要

目的探讨突发事件中救援官兵心理干预操作的原则和策略。方法在汶川8.0地震时,对第一时间参加救援的1475名官兵实施60场次团体互动示范式心理干预,干预过程中实施以下原则:所有不正常反应均给予合理正常化解释;所有互动均在示范基础之上实施;所有心理评估均与心理支持干预统一操作,以及运用所干预的目标均与当前的任务结合,团体与个体差异相结合的预防策略。结果救援官兵主动参与意识增强,认知、情绪和行为调整后自我感觉改善明显,对干预活动的构成因素和影响因素满意度较高。结论突发事件中对救援官兵实施团体示范互动式心理干预的原则和策略具有一定的指导作用,值得进一步推广。
Objective To explore the effective psychological intervention pattern and strategies in the officers and men in outburst accidents.Methods A total of 1475 officers and men were mainly carried out group psychologicaI intervention of interactive demonstration.Principles were used as follows:all abnormal reactions were given reasonable explanation;all interactive activities were carried out on the basis of demonstration;all psychological assessment and support were enforced at the same time,and the objective combined with the present task,group combined with individual differences.Results The amareness of active participatiou increased,self-sensation was improved after cognice and emotion were regulated in the officers and men,and they were satified with the components and influencing factors of the intervening activities.Conclusion The strategies of group psychologicaI intervention of interactive demonstration are both positive and effective to the officers and men in outburst accidents and have a high guilding value.

引文

[1]王晓慧,李秀珍,高明秀,等.军队群体危机干预策略.华北国防医药,2003,15(4):250-252