二维复杂介质的块状建模及射线追踪
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摘要
射线追踪方法不但是研究地震波传播问题的有效手段之一，而且在地震层析成像和叠前深度偏移等方面都起着重要的作用，射线追踪的计算精度和速度将直接影响层析成像和叠前深度偏移的效果。本文改变了传统的层状地层的建模方式，提出了一种射线追踪中块状结构的建模方法。新的建模方式使射线追踪方法能应用于十分复杂的地质对象。在用块状结构建模方法的编程中，Ｃ＋＋语言起了重要的作用。文中给出了在十分复杂的地质结构中应用块状结构方法建模并用迭代追踪法进行射线追踪的计算实例。
Ray-tracing not only is one of effective measure for studying the problem of seismic wave propagation, but also plays an important role in seismic tomography and pre-stack depth migration. Its computing precision and speed directly effect on results of tomography and pre-stack depth migration. Changing model-building formula in traditional layered earth model, the paper presented a blocky structural model-building method for ray-tracing. New model-building technique can apply ray-tracing to rather complicated geologic objects. C+ + language plays an important role in programming of blocky structural model-building method. Real computing case using blocky structure for model-building in rather complicated geologic structure and conducting ray-tracing by iteration is given in the paper.
Ray-tracing not only is one of effective measure for studying the problem of seismic wave propagation, but also plays an important role in seismic tomography and pre-stack depth migration. Its computing precision and speed directly effect on results of tomography and pre-stack depth migration. Changing model-building formula in traditional layered earth model, the paper presented a blocky structural model-building method for ray-tracing. New model-building technique can apply ray-tracing to rather complicated geologic objects. C+ + language plays an important role in programming of blocky structural model-building method. Real computing case using blocky structure for model-building in rather complicated geologic structure and conducting ray-tracing by iteration is given in the paper.
引文
1黄联捷,李幼铭,吴如山.用于图像重建的波前法射线追踪.地球物理学报,1992,35(2):223～233
2刘洪,孟凡林,李幼铭.计算最小走时和射线路径的界面网全局方法.地球物理学报,1995,38(6):823 ～832
3刘清林.地震初至波射线路径的追踪.石油物探,1993,32(l):14～20
4徐升,杨长春,刘洪,李幼铭.射线追踪的微变网格方法.地球物理学报,1996,39(l):97～102
5杨长春,冷传波,李幼铭.适于复杂地质模型的三维射线追踪方法.地球物理学报,1997,40(3):414～ 420
6张霖斌,刘迎曦,赵振峰等.有限差分法射线追踪.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(6):673～677
7高尔根,徐果明.二维速度随机分布逐步迭代射线追踪方法.地球物理学报,1996,39(Supp):302～308
8高尔根,徐果明,赵炎.一种任意界面的逐段迭代射线追踪方法.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(1):54～ 60
9 Julian B R and Gubbins D. Three-dimensional seismic ray tracing. J Geophys, 1977, 43
10 Pereyra V, Lee W H K and Keller H B. Solving two-point seismic-ray tracing problems in a heterogeneous medium, Part I: a general adaptive finite difference method. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1980, 70(1): 79-100
11 Langan R T, Lerche I and CutLer R T. Tracing of rays through heterogeneous media:an accurate and efficient procedure. Geophysics, 1985, 50(9): 1456-1465
12 Um J and Thurber C H. A fast algorithm for two-point seismic ray tracing. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1987, 77(3): 972-986
13 Vidale J E. Finite difference calculation of traveltime. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1988, 78(6):2062-2076
14 Prothero W A, Talor W J and Eickemeyer J A. A fast, two-point, three-dimension ray tracing algorithm using a simple step search method. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1988, 78(3): 1190-1198
15 Vidale J E. Finite different calculation of traveltime in three dimensions. Geophysics, 1990, 55 (5): 521-526
16 Lafond C F and Levender A R. Fast and accurate dynamic ray tracing in heterogeneous media. Bull SeisSoc Am, 1990, 80(5): 1285-1296
17 Moser T. Shortest path calculation of seismic ray. Geophysics, 1991, 56(l ): 59-67
18 Ferra V. Ray tracing in complex media. J Appl Geophys, 1993, 30(l): 55-73
19 Coultrip R L. High accuracy wave front tracing traveltime calculation. Geophysics, 1993, 58(2): 284-292
20 Sun Y. Ray tracing in 3-D media by parameterized shooting. Geophys J Int, 1993, 114(l ): 145-155
21 Buland P. Two-point ray-tracing and controlled initial value ray-tracing in 3-D heterogeneoius blockstructures. J Seis Explo, 1999, 8(1 ): 57-75
22 Bulant P and Klimes L. Interpolation of ray theory traveltimes within ray cells. Geophys J Int, 1999, 139(2): 273-282
23 Sadeghi H, Suzuki S and Takenaka H. A two-point, three-dimensional seismic ray tracing using geneticalgorithms. Phys Earth Planet Int, 1999, 113 (l-4): 355-365
24 Bohm G, Rossi G and Vesnaver A. Minimum-time ray-tracing for 3-D irregular grids. J Seism Explor,1999, 8(2): 117-131
2刘洪,孟凡林,李幼铭.计算最小走时和射线路径的界面网全局方法.地球物理学报,1995,38(6):823 ～832
3刘清林.地震初至波射线路径的追踪.石油物探,1993,32(l):14～20
4徐升,杨长春,刘洪,李幼铭.射线追踪的微变网格方法.地球物理学报,1996,39(l):97～102
5杨长春,冷传波,李幼铭.适于复杂地质模型的三维射线追踪方法.地球物理学报,1997,40(3):414～ 420
6张霖斌,刘迎曦,赵振峰等.有限差分法射线追踪.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(6):673～677
7高尔根,徐果明.二维速度随机分布逐步迭代射线追踪方法.地球物理学报,1996,39(Supp):302～308
8高尔根,徐果明,赵炎.一种任意界面的逐段迭代射线追踪方法.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(1):54～ 60
9 Julian B R and Gubbins D. Three-dimensional seismic ray tracing. J Geophys, 1977, 43
10 Pereyra V, Lee W H K and Keller H B. Solving two-point seismic-ray tracing problems in a heterogeneous medium, Part I: a general adaptive finite difference method. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1980, 70(1): 79-100
11 Langan R T, Lerche I and CutLer R T. Tracing of rays through heterogeneous media:an accurate and efficient procedure. Geophysics, 1985, 50(9): 1456-1465
12 Um J and Thurber C H. A fast algorithm for two-point seismic ray tracing. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1987, 77(3): 972-986
13 Vidale J E. Finite difference calculation of traveltime. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1988, 78(6):2062-2076
14 Prothero W A, Talor W J and Eickemeyer J A. A fast, two-point, three-dimension ray tracing algorithm using a simple step search method. Bull Seis Soc Am, 1988, 78(3): 1190-1198
15 Vidale J E. Finite different calculation of traveltime in three dimensions. Geophysics, 1990, 55 (5): 521-526
16 Lafond C F and Levender A R. Fast and accurate dynamic ray tracing in heterogeneous media. Bull SeisSoc Am, 1990, 80(5): 1285-1296
17 Moser T. Shortest path calculation of seismic ray. Geophysics, 1991, 56(l ): 59-67
18 Ferra V. Ray tracing in complex media. J Appl Geophys, 1993, 30(l): 55-73
19 Coultrip R L. High accuracy wave front tracing traveltime calculation. Geophysics, 1993, 58(2): 284-292
20 Sun Y. Ray tracing in 3-D media by parameterized shooting. Geophys J Int, 1993, 114(l ): 145-155
21 Buland P. Two-point ray-tracing and controlled initial value ray-tracing in 3-D heterogeneoius blockstructures. J Seis Explo, 1999, 8(1 ): 57-75
22 Bulant P and Klimes L. Interpolation of ray theory traveltimes within ray cells. Geophys J Int, 1999, 139(2): 273-282
23 Sadeghi H, Suzuki S and Takenaka H. A two-point, three-dimensional seismic ray tracing using geneticalgorithms. Phys Earth Planet Int, 1999, 113 (l-4): 355-365
24 Bohm G, Rossi G and Vesnaver A. Minimum-time ray-tracing for 3-D irregular grids. J Seism Explor,1999, 8(2): 117-131
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