地震资料预测压力方法和展望
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摘要
综合介绍和评价了地震资料预测压力的各种方法,认为目前提高地震资料预测压力精度的根本方法是提高速度分析的精度和获得有针对目标区块的经验公式;同时详细分析了获取压力预测速度时需要注意的问题和可能的陷阱;提出利用声波时差等测井资料和实测压力资料获得单井压力模型,并应用单井压力模型指导速度拾取的速度分析方法,该方法基本排除各种非压力因素造成的速度异常.
The current methods predicting the formation pressure are analyzed.The conclusion shows that pressure prediction with the constraints of well is not a good idea.In order to improve the precision of seismic prediction,the precision of velocity analysis must be improved and the empirical formula must be suitable to the researched zone.The pressure concept model is proposed so as to gain high precision velocity.The practice has confirmed that the velocity analysis under the construction of pressure concept model is one of good methods to improve precision of pressure prediction.
The current methods predicting the formation pressure are analyzed.The conclusion shows that pressure prediction with the constraints of well is not a good idea.In order to improve the precision of seismic prediction,the precision of velocity analysis must be improved and the empirical formula must be suitable to the researched zone.The pressure concept model is proposed so as to gain high precision velocity.The practice has confirmed that the velocity analysis under the construction of pressure concept model is one of good methods to improve precision of pressure prediction.
引文
[1]Pennebaker E S J R.Seismic data depth magnitude of abnor-mal pressures[J].World OIL,June,1968,73~77.
[2]Dutta N C.Geopressure Soc Pet Eng[J].Geophys ReprintSer,1987,7.
[3]邱楠生,康永尚,樊洪海,等.柴达木盆地西部地区第三系温度压力和油气分布相互关系探讨[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(6),375~379.
[4]范景辉,杨晓松.岩石波速温度和压力系数的测量方法及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(3):525~532.
[5]Eaton B A.Graphical Method predicts geopressure worldwide[J].World Oil,1972,51~56.
[6]Dutta N C.Shale compaction,burial diagenesis,and geopres-sures[A]:a dynamic model,results and some results[C].In:J.Burrus(Ed).Thermal Modeling in Sedimentary Basins.1986.
[7]Dutta N C.Deepwater geohazard prediction using prestack in-version of large offset P-wave data and rock model[J].Leadingedge geophys.2002,21(2):193~198.
[8]Fillippone W R.On the prediction of abnormally pressuredsedimentary rocks from seismic data.OTC.1979.
[9]Fillippone W R.Estimation of formation parameters and theprediction of overpressure from seismic data[J].The SEG Re-search Symp,Geopressure studies.1982,10.
[10]Lee S,Reilly J,Lowe R,Brodie S.Accurate pore pressureand frature pressure prediction using seismic velocities—anaid to deep water exploration and drilling design[J].SEGAnnual meeting,Expanded abstracts.1997,2013~2016.
[11]Brace W F,Walsh J B,Frangos W T.Permeability of graniteunder high pressure[J].J Geophys Res,1968,95:19279~19289.
[12]Elbert-Phillips D,Han D H,Zobak M D.Empirical relation-ships among seismic velocity,effective pressure,porosity,and clay content in sandstone[J].Geophysics,1989,54(1):82~89.
[13]Yilmaz O,Nolen-hoeksema R C,Nur A.Pore pressure pro-files in fractured and compacted rocks[J].Grophys Prospec-ting,1994,42:693~714.
[14]张世晖,刘天佑,晏银华.惩罚函数法井约束地层压力预测[J].石油物探,2004,33(3):284~288.
[15]王兴岭,冯斌,李心宁.井约束地震压力预测在滚动勘探开发中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):391~394.
[16]Lindsay R O,Towner B.Pore pressure influence on rockproperty and reflectivity modeling[J].Leading Edge Geo-phys,2001,20(2):184~187.
[17]Tura A,Aminzadeh F.Dynamic reservoir characterizationand seismically constrained production optimization[A]:Anoverview[C].SEG.69th annul meeting,1999.
[18]Dutta N C.Pressure prediction from seismic data[A]:impli-cations for seal distribution and hydrocarbon exploitation inthe deepwater Gulf of Mexico[C].NPF Special Publication7:Norwegian Petroleum Society,1997,187~199.
[19]Lee S,Shaw J Ho R,Burger J,Singh S,Troyer B.Illumi-nating the shadows[A]:tomography,attenuation,and porepressure processing in the South Caspian Sea[C].J Pet SciEng,1999,29:221~238.
[20]Bazylev A P.Estimation of sonic velocities on the basis of ge-ophysical investigations of boreholes in Western Siberia[J].Investigations on the basis of Mutli_wave seismic ExplorationTr Inst Geol Geofis Akad Nauk SSSR.Novosibirsk,1987,109~140.
[21]Kerimove K M,Chilingar G V,Katz S A.Estimation of son-ic velocity in shale in abnormally pressured formation from re-sistivity data[J].J Pet Sci Eng,1996,15:375~377.
[22]云美厚.地震地层压力预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4):575~586.
[2]Dutta N C.Geopressure Soc Pet Eng[J].Geophys ReprintSer,1987,7.
[3]邱楠生,康永尚,樊洪海,等.柴达木盆地西部地区第三系温度压力和油气分布相互关系探讨[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(6),375~379.
[4]范景辉,杨晓松.岩石波速温度和压力系数的测量方法及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(3):525~532.
[5]Eaton B A.Graphical Method predicts geopressure worldwide[J].World Oil,1972,51~56.
[6]Dutta N C.Shale compaction,burial diagenesis,and geopres-sures[A]:a dynamic model,results and some results[C].In:J.Burrus(Ed).Thermal Modeling in Sedimentary Basins.1986.
[7]Dutta N C.Deepwater geohazard prediction using prestack in-version of large offset P-wave data and rock model[J].Leadingedge geophys.2002,21(2):193~198.
[8]Fillippone W R.On the prediction of abnormally pressuredsedimentary rocks from seismic data.OTC.1979.
[9]Fillippone W R.Estimation of formation parameters and theprediction of overpressure from seismic data[J].The SEG Re-search Symp,Geopressure studies.1982,10.
[10]Lee S,Reilly J,Lowe R,Brodie S.Accurate pore pressureand frature pressure prediction using seismic velocities—anaid to deep water exploration and drilling design[J].SEGAnnual meeting,Expanded abstracts.1997,2013~2016.
[11]Brace W F,Walsh J B,Frangos W T.Permeability of graniteunder high pressure[J].J Geophys Res,1968,95:19279~19289.
[12]Elbert-Phillips D,Han D H,Zobak M D.Empirical relation-ships among seismic velocity,effective pressure,porosity,and clay content in sandstone[J].Geophysics,1989,54(1):82~89.
[13]Yilmaz O,Nolen-hoeksema R C,Nur A.Pore pressure pro-files in fractured and compacted rocks[J].Grophys Prospec-ting,1994,42:693~714.
[14]张世晖,刘天佑,晏银华.惩罚函数法井约束地层压力预测[J].石油物探,2004,33(3):284~288.
[15]王兴岭,冯斌,李心宁.井约束地震压力预测在滚动勘探开发中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):391~394.
[16]Lindsay R O,Towner B.Pore pressure influence on rockproperty and reflectivity modeling[J].Leading Edge Geo-phys,2001,20(2):184~187.
[17]Tura A,Aminzadeh F.Dynamic reservoir characterizationand seismically constrained production optimization[A]:Anoverview[C].SEG.69th annul meeting,1999.
[18]Dutta N C.Pressure prediction from seismic data[A]:impli-cations for seal distribution and hydrocarbon exploitation inthe deepwater Gulf of Mexico[C].NPF Special Publication7:Norwegian Petroleum Society,1997,187~199.
[19]Lee S,Shaw J Ho R,Burger J,Singh S,Troyer B.Illumi-nating the shadows[A]:tomography,attenuation,and porepressure processing in the South Caspian Sea[C].J Pet SciEng,1999,29:221~238.
[20]Bazylev A P.Estimation of sonic velocities on the basis of ge-ophysical investigations of boreholes in Western Siberia[J].Investigations on the basis of Mutli_wave seismic ExplorationTr Inst Geol Geofis Akad Nauk SSSR.Novosibirsk,1987,109~140.
[21]Kerimove K M,Chilingar G V,Katz S A.Estimation of son-ic velocity in shale in abnormally pressured formation from re-sistivity data[J].J Pet Sci Eng,1996,15:375~377.
[22]云美厚.地震地层压力预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4):575~586.
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