岩石压剪耦合破坏过程的实时监测研究
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摘要
将实时激光全息干涉光路布置与岩石力学压剪加载装置组构成光学-力学最优匹配测量系统,通过数据图像采集系统,实时动态捕获了压剪应力作用下花岗岩岩样压剪耦合破坏全过程的实时全息干涉图;根据全息干涉条纹解释原理和图像处理计算,试样表面动态干涉条纹的分布与移动规律高精度直观地揭示了岩石压剪耦合破坏过程中局部变形场分布、微破裂微裂纹的演化路径与速率以及岩石失稳破裂的力学性状。结果表明,该方法能够为岩石损伤与断裂力学问题的研究提供有效的试验技术支持。
The optimal match system of optical layout for real-time laser holographic interferometry and the loading apparatus of rock under coupled compression and shear is developed. Using the digital image instrument,the real-time holographic interferograms for the wholly failure process of rock under compressive-shearing stress is continuously captured. As the loading increased,on the surface of granite samples several types of the dynamic interference fringes i.e. active fringe with the different forms of distribution appear. Based on the principles of the fringes interpretation at the same time by use of the image process methods,the developing rates of microcracks within granite samples are calculated and its growth models are described in details. The results expose the distribution of the local defatormion field,the growing path of microcracks and its rate in the whole process of rock failure under compressive-shearing loading,as well as the mechanical property of rock failure. Under the condition of compressive loading with shearing loading together,the local deformation and the deforming grades of samples are of obvious differences which mostly control non-linear macro deformation of granite samples. The samples final failure results from the coupled shear fracture and extensive fracture,and its failure shapes are related to the stress states,the growth path and developing rate of microcracks,and also the mechanical types of microcracks. It is proved that the real-time laser holographic interferometry testing can provide the research of rock damage and fracture with an effective experimental support.
The optimal match system of optical layout for real-time laser holographic interferometry and the loading apparatus of rock under coupled compression and shear is developed. Using the digital image instrument,the real-time holographic interferograms for the wholly failure process of rock under compressive-shearing stress is continuously captured. As the loading increased,on the surface of granite samples several types of the dynamic interference fringes i.e. active fringe with the different forms of distribution appear. Based on the principles of the fringes interpretation at the same time by use of the image process methods,the developing rates of microcracks within granite samples are calculated and its growth models are described in details. The results expose the distribution of the local defatormion field,the growing path of microcracks and its rate in the whole process of rock failure under compressive-shearing loading,as well as the mechanical property of rock failure. Under the condition of compressive loading with shearing loading together,the local deformation and the deforming grades of samples are of obvious differences which mostly control non-linear macro deformation of granite samples. The samples final failure results from the coupled shear fracture and extensive fracture,and its failure shapes are related to the stress states,the growth path and developing rate of microcracks,and also the mechanical types of microcracks. It is proved that the real-time laser holographic interferometry testing can provide the research of rock damage and fracture with an effective experimental support.
引文
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2凌建明.压缩荷载条件下岩石细观损伤特征研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1993,21(2):219～226
3WangR,ZhaoY,ChenY.Experi men tandfi niteele mentsimula tionofX- types hearfract ures f romac ra ckinmarble[J].Tectonophysics,1987,144(1-3):141～150
4葛修润,任建喜,蒲毅彬等.岩石细观损伤扩展规律的CT实时试验[J].中国科学(E辑),2000,30(2):104～111
5赵豫生,陈颙,王仁.岩石裂纹附近的变形局部化与破坏——激光全息干涉法的应用[J].地球物理学报,1988,31(5):294～305
6周群力,佘泳琼,王良之.岩石压剪断裂核的试验研究[J].固体力学学报,1991,12(4):329～336
7刘冬梅,谢锦平,龚永胜等.单轴受压岩石破裂过程的双曝光全息干涉法实验研究[J].赣南师范学院学报(自然科学版),2000,(6):41～44
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9熊秉衡,王正荣,张永安等.地震微破裂成核过程的实验模拟研究[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2000,25(3):319～323
10潘一山,杨小彬,马少鹏等.岩土材料变形局部化的实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(6):281～284
11LewisR W,KooshaB.A mixed mode rock fracture model for the prediction of crack path[J].Int.J. forNumerical andAnalyticalMethods inGeomechanics,1999,23(4):281～294
12郭少华,孔宗颀,谢晓晴.压缩条件下岩石断裂模式与断裂判据的研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):305～308
13赵明阶,许锡宾,徐蓉.岩石在三轴加卸荷过程中的一种本构模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(5):626～631
14李银平,王元汉,肖四喜.岩石类材料中压剪裂纹的相互作用分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):552～555
15郭中华,王炜,陆建等.砂浆-灰岩双相材料剪切强度及压剪断裂判据探析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):429～433
16赵吉东,周维垣,黄岩松等.岩石混凝土类材料损伤局部化分叉研究及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):80～83
17HuangC Y,GhatuSubhash,VittonS J.A dynamic damage growth model for uniaxial compressive response of rock aggregates[J].Mech.Mater.,2002,34(5):267～277
18FangZ,HarrisonJ P.Development of a local degradation approach to the modeling brittle fracture in heterogeneous rocks[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2002,39(4):442～457
19王明洋,戚承志,钱七虎等.岩石变形和破坏力学的基本问题[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2002,3(3):33～37
20HajiabdolmajidV,KaiserP K,MartinC D.Modelling brittle failure of rock[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2002,39(6):731～741
21HuangT H,ChangC S,ChaoC Y.Experimental and mathematical modeling for fracture of rock joint with regular asperities[J].Eng.Fract.Mech.,2002,69(17):1977～1996
22RaoQ H,SunZ G,StephanssonO,et al.Shear fracture(modeII) of brittle rock[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2003,40(3):355～375
23MalamaB,KulatilakeP H S W.Models for normal fracture deformation under compressive loading[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2003,40(6):893～901
24JingL,HudsonJ A.Numerical mechods in rock mechanics[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2002,39(4):409～427
25WongR H,TangC A,ChauK T,et al.Splitting failure in brittle rocks containing pre-existing flaws under uniaxial compression[J].Eng.Fract.Mech.,2002,69(17):1853～1871
26戴福隆.近代光测力学[M].北京:科学出版社,199027杨国光.近代光学测试技术[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1997
28BriersJ D.Review the interpretation ofHolographicInterferograms[J].Optical andQuantumElectronics,1976,8(6):469～501
29HollowayD C,DurelliA J.Interpretation of fringes in holographic interferometry[J].Mech.Res.Comm.,1983,10(2):276～282
30陈顒,黄庭芳.岩石物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001
2凌建明.压缩荷载条件下岩石细观损伤特征研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1993,21(2):219～226
3WangR,ZhaoY,ChenY.Experi men tandfi niteele mentsimula tionofX- types hearfract ures f romac ra ckinmarble[J].Tectonophysics,1987,144(1-3):141～150
4葛修润,任建喜,蒲毅彬等.岩石细观损伤扩展规律的CT实时试验[J].中国科学(E辑),2000,30(2):104～111
5赵豫生,陈颙,王仁.岩石裂纹附近的变形局部化与破坏——激光全息干涉法的应用[J].地球物理学报,1988,31(5):294～305
6周群力,佘泳琼,王良之.岩石压剪断裂核的试验研究[J].固体力学学报,1991,12(4):329～336
7刘冬梅,谢锦平,龚永胜等.单轴受压岩石破裂过程的双曝光全息干涉法实验研究[J].赣南师范学院学报(自然科学版),2000,(6):41～44
8尚嘉兰,孔常静,李廷芥等.岩石细观损伤破坏的观测研究[J].实验力学,1999,14(3):373～383
9熊秉衡,王正荣,张永安等.地震微破裂成核过程的实验模拟研究[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2000,25(3):319～323
10潘一山,杨小彬,马少鹏等.岩土材料变形局部化的实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(6):281～284
11LewisR W,KooshaB.A mixed mode rock fracture model for the prediction of crack path[J].Int.J. forNumerical andAnalyticalMethods inGeomechanics,1999,23(4):281～294
12郭少华,孔宗颀,谢晓晴.压缩条件下岩石断裂模式与断裂判据的研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):305～308
13赵明阶,许锡宾,徐蓉.岩石在三轴加卸荷过程中的一种本构模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(5):626～631
14李银平,王元汉,肖四喜.岩石类材料中压剪裂纹的相互作用分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):552～555
15郭中华,王炜,陆建等.砂浆-灰岩双相材料剪切强度及压剪断裂判据探析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):429～433
16赵吉东,周维垣,黄岩松等.岩石混凝土类材料损伤局部化分叉研究及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):80～83
17HuangC Y,GhatuSubhash,VittonS J.A dynamic damage growth model for uniaxial compressive response of rock aggregates[J].Mech.Mater.,2002,34(5):267～277
18FangZ,HarrisonJ P.Development of a local degradation approach to the modeling brittle fracture in heterogeneous rocks[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2002,39(4):442～457
19王明洋,戚承志,钱七虎等.岩石变形和破坏力学的基本问题[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2002,3(3):33～37
20HajiabdolmajidV,KaiserP K,MartinC D.Modelling brittle failure of rock[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2002,39(6):731～741
21HuangT H,ChangC S,ChaoC Y.Experimental and mathematical modeling for fracture of rock joint with regular asperities[J].Eng.Fract.Mech.,2002,69(17):1977～1996
22RaoQ H,SunZ G,StephanssonO,et al.Shear fracture(modeII) of brittle rock[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2003,40(3):355～375
23MalamaB,KulatilakeP H S W.Models for normal fracture deformation under compressive loading[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2003,40(6):893～901
24JingL,HudsonJ A.Numerical mechods in rock mechanics[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.,2002,39(4):409～427
25WongR H,TangC A,ChauK T,et al.Splitting failure in brittle rocks containing pre-existing flaws under uniaxial compression[J].Eng.Fract.Mech.,2002,69(17):1853～1871
26戴福隆.近代光测力学[M].北京:科学出版社,199027杨国光.近代光学测试技术[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1997
28BriersJ D.Review the interpretation ofHolographicInterferograms[J].Optical andQuantumElectronics,1976,8(6):469～501
29HollowayD C,DurelliA J.Interpretation of fringes in holographic interferometry[J].Mech.Res.Comm.,1983,10(2):276～282
30陈顒,黄庭芳.岩石物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001
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