基于声发射事件b值变化规律的岩石破坏前兆识别及其局限性
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摘要
利用多道声发射采集系统记录了不同岩性的岩石试件变形破坏过程中的AE全波形,由扫描算法求得试件变形全过程的声发射b值动态曲线.声发射b值在岩石加载前期和中期阶段b值总体呈上升趋势,上升过程中有不同程度和次数的起伏,到岩石接近破坏时,b值迅速降低.但是,声发射b值的下降并不一定代表岩石即将失稳破坏,仅依靠声发射频率和强度参数并不能完整准确地反演岩石内部结构,也不能实现对岩石失稳破坏的预测预报.岩体的动力失稳破坏的机理异常复杂,要实现准确的预测预报,应对声发射信号所包含的信息进一步挖掘,并对比分析其它岩石状态参数的变化规律.
The multi-channels acoustic emission acquiring system was employed to record the whole waves of the AE events in deformation and failure of rock specimens with different lithology.Dynamic curves of AE b-value were gained by the scan-calculating method.In the early and middle phase of loading,the AE b-value generally showed ascending trend,and there were waves with different scales and times at accending stage.Finally,the b-value descended quickly when the specimen approached total failure.But the descending of b-value did not present the failure of rock,and only AE frequency and magnitude factors could not reflect the structure status inside rock accurately and forecast the rock dynamic disaster reliably.The mechanism of the rock dynamic failures is greatly complicated.For forecasting the rock failure more accurately,the information included in the AE signals need to be more excavated,and comprehensive analysis and investigation should be conducted with the factors of mechanical status.
The multi-channels acoustic emission acquiring system was employed to record the whole waves of the AE events in deformation and failure of rock specimens with different lithology.Dynamic curves of AE b-value were gained by the scan-calculating method.In the early and middle phase of loading,the AE b-value generally showed ascending trend,and there were waves with different scales and times at accending stage.Finally,the b-value descended quickly when the specimen approached total failure.But the descending of b-value did not present the failure of rock,and only AE frequency and magnitude factors could not reflect the structure status inside rock accurately and forecast the rock dynamic disaster reliably.The mechanism of the rock dynamic failures is greatly complicated.For forecasting the rock failure more accurately,the information included in the AE signals need to be more excavated,and comprehensive analysis and investigation should be conducted with the factors of mechanical status.
引文
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[3]王克杰,李永明,李仕明,等.能量分析在冲击地压发生过程中的应用[J].焦作工学院学报:自然科学版,2004,23(5):334-337.
[4]BLAKE W.Microseismic applications for mining-a practical guide[R].Washington:Bureau of Mines,1982.
[5]GANNE P,VERVOORTA,WEVERS M.Quantification of p re-peak brittle damage:Correlation between acoustic e-mission and observed micro-fracturing[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Science,2007,44:720-729.
[6]秦四清.岩石声发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.
[7]腾山邦久.声发射(AE)技术的应用[M].冯夏庭,译.北京:冶金出版社,1996.
[8]YOUNG R P.Seismic and Micromechanical Studies of Rock Fracture in Granite[J].Pure and Applied Geohpysics,1995,145(1):3-27.
[9]YUANHUI LI,RUIFU YUAN,XINGDONG ZHAO.Failure Process of Rock Sample Observed by AE Source LocatingTechnique under Uniaxial Compression[J].Key Engineering Material,2006,324/325:567-570.
[10]李廷芥,王耀辉,张梅英,等.岩石裂纹的分形特征与岩爆机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(1)5-10.
[11]谢和平.分形-岩石力学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[12]TAKAYUKI HIRATA.Fractal structure of Spatial Distribution of Microfracturing in Rock[J].Geophys.J.R.Astr.Seo.,1987:369-374.
[13]YUANRUI FU,LI YUANHUI.Fractal Analysis on Spatial Distribution of Acoustic Emission in Failure Process of RockSpecimen[J].International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials,2009,16(1):19-24.
[14]李全林,于涛,郝柏林,等.地震频度-震级关系的时空扫描[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.
[15]曲延军.b值[J].内陆地震,1989,3(2):187-189.
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