南海及邻区中生界——新的油气勘探领域
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摘要
在对大量地震资料长期解释基础上,通过与南海周边邻区资料的类比,从南海地质构造演化背景、中生界地震反射结构特征、地层划分对比等多方面阐述了南沙海域发育中生代地层的地质背景及其地质时代归属问题,由陆及海,对比了该海域钻录井第一手资料与周边已钻遇的中生界钻井资料,指出白垩系烃源岩是一套有机质含量较高,以II2、III型干酪根为主的生气源岩,可形成多种油气藏类型,探讨了南沙海域及其周边中生界白垩系的油气勘探前景,为该海域中生界的油气勘探提供了依据,对拓宽我国东南近海盆地乃至华南陆间盆地前新生界新领域的油气勘探具有重要参考价值。
Based on the seismic and well data up to present and their correlation with adjacent areas,the author discussed in this paper the geological background of the Mesozoic in the Nansha area of the South China Sea,with emphasis on tectonic evolution,stratigraphic correlation and seismic data interpretation.Comparison was made for the first hand well data from this region with the data from adjacent areas onland and offshore.It is recognized that the gas-prone Cretaceous is a key source rock with high total organic carbon(TOC) and II2—III type of kerogen,and favorable to the formation of various hydrocarbon plays.It is suggested that the pre-Tertiary deposits be significant targets for hydrocarbon exploration in both the South China Sea and the intercontinental basins in South China.
Based on the seismic and well data up to present and their correlation with adjacent areas,the author discussed in this paper the geological background of the Mesozoic in the Nansha area of the South China Sea,with emphasis on tectonic evolution,stratigraphic correlation and seismic data interpretation.Comparison was made for the first hand well data from this region with the data from adjacent areas onland and offshore.It is recognized that the gas-prone Cretaceous is a key source rock with high total organic carbon(TOC) and II2—III type of kerogen,and favorable to the formation of various hydrocarbon plays.It is suggested that the pre-Tertiary deposits be significant targets for hydrocarbon exploration in both the South China Sea and the intercontinental basins in South China.
引文
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[12]Cover story.New Discovery Stimulates Interest in SoutheastAsian“Basement”Reservoirs[M].PetroMin July,1994:14-16.
[13]张国良,邓辉,李颖,等.基岩潜山是渤海天然气勘探的重要领域[J].中国海上油气(地质),2004,18(4):222-229.[ZHANG Guoliang,DENG Hui,LI Ying,et al.Basementburied hills-an important play of gas exploration in Bohai Bay[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2004,18(4):222-229.]
[14]Hinz K,Schaluter H U.Geology of the dangerous grounds,South China Sea,and the continental margin off SouthwestPalawan:Results of Sonne cruises SO-23and SO-27[J].En-ergy,1985,10(3/4):297-315.
[15]林珍.南沙中部海域北康盆地重、磁异常解释[J].海洋地质,2005,13:69-76.[LIN Zhen.Characteristics and interpreta-tion of gravity and magnetic anomalies in Beikang basin ofcentral Nansha islands[J].Marine Geology,2005,13:69-76.]
[16]Ru Ke,Pigott J.Episodic rifting and subsidence in the SouthChina Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,1986,70(9):1136-1155.
[17]张莉,李文成,曾祥辉.礼乐盆地地层发育特征及其与油气的关系[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(5):469-473.[ZHANGLi,LI Wencheng,ZENG Xianghui.Stratigraphic sequenceand hydrocarbon potential in Lile Basin[J].Petroleum Geolo-gy and Experiment,2003,25(5):469-473.]
[18]LIU Baoming,XIA Bin,LI Xuxuan,et al.Southeastern ex-tension of the Red River fault zone(RRFZ)and its tectonic e-volution significance in western South China Sea[J].Sciencein China Series D-Earth Sciences,2006,49(8):839-850.
[19]Taylor B,Hayes D E.Origin and history of the South ChinaBasin[C]//Tectonic and Geology Evolution of Southeast A-sian Seas and Islands,Part 2.American Geophys.Uion.,Geophys.Monograph.1982,27:23-56.
[20]Briais A,Patriat P,Tapponnier P.Updated interpretation ofmagnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the SouthChina Sea:Implications for the Tertiary tectonics of South-east Asia[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1995,98:6299-6328.
[21]钟广见,易海,林珍,等.粤东和南海东北部陆坡区中生界及烃源岩特征[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(6):676-681.[ZHONG Guangjian,YI Hai,LIN Zhen,et al.Charateristicof source rocks and Mesozoic in continental slope area of NESouth China Sea and east Guangdong of China[J].XinjiangPetroleum Geology,2007,28(6):676-681.]
[2]朱伟林,张功成,杨少坤,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地天然气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.[ZHU Weilin,ZHANGGongcheng,YANG Shaokun,et al.Gas Geology of the Conti-nental Margin Basin in the South China Sea[M].Beijing:OilIndustry Press,2007.]
[3]刘振湖,刘宝明,陈强.南海万安盆地热演化史的初步研究[J].中国海上油气(地质),1996,10(6):364-370.[LIU Zhenhu,LIU Baoming,CHEN Qiang,Study of thermal history ofWan’an Basin,South Chian Sea[J].China Offshore Oil andGas(Geology),1996,10(6):364-370.]
[4]刘光鼎.前新生代海相残留盆地[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):1-7.[LIU Guangding.Pre-Cenozoic marine residualbasins[J].Progress in Geophysics,2001,16(2):1-7.]
[5]金庆焕,刘宝明.南沙万安盆地油气分布特征[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(3):234-239.[JIN Qinhuan,LIU Baoming.Dis-tributive character of hydrocarbons in Wana’n Basin,the south-western South China Sea[J].Experimental Petroleum Geolo-gy,1997,19(3):234-240.]
[6]刘海龄,谢国发,阎贫,等.南沙海区中生界岩相分布及构造特征[J].海洋与湖沼,2007,38(3):272-278.[LIU Hailing,XIEGuofa,YAN Pin,et al..The basic characteristics of Mesozoicerathem in Nansha waters of China and its significance[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2007,38(3):272-278.]
[7]林鹤鸣,郝沪军.珠江口盆地东部和台湾西部海域中生界地质构造特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),2002,16(4):231-237.[LIN Heming,HAO Hujun.Mesozoic tectonics in the easternPearl River mouth basin and offshore wester Taiwan[J].Chi-na Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2002,16(4):231-237.]
[8]刘海龄,郭令智,孙岩,等.南沙地块断裂构造系统与岩石圈动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.[LIU Hailing,GUOLingzhi,SUN Yan,et al.Study on Fault System in NanshaBlock(South China Sea)and the Block’s Lithospheric Dynam-ics[M].Beijing:Scientific Press,2002.]
[9]周蒂.台西南盆地和北港隆起的中生界及其沉积环境[J].热带海洋,2002,21(2):50-57.[ZHOU Di.Mesozoic strata andsedimentary environment in SW Taiwan basin of NE SouthChina Sea and Peikang high of western Taiwan[J].Tropic O-ceanology,2002,21(2):50-57.]
[10]刘海龄.南海及邻区地层对比[M]//南海地质.北京:科学出版社,2002:233-254.[LIU Hailling.Contrast of strata inSouth China Sea and its adjacent areas[M]//The Geology ofSouth China Sea.Beijing:Science Press,2002:233-254.]
[11]刘海龄,阎贫,张伯友,等.南海前新生代基底与东特提斯构造域[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2004,24(1):15-28.[LIUHailing,YAN Pin,ZHANG Boyou,et al.Pre-Cenozoicbasements of South China Sea and Eastern Tethyan realm[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2004,24(1):15-28.]
[12]Cover story.New Discovery Stimulates Interest in SoutheastAsian“Basement”Reservoirs[M].PetroMin July,1994:14-16.
[13]张国良,邓辉,李颖,等.基岩潜山是渤海天然气勘探的重要领域[J].中国海上油气(地质),2004,18(4):222-229.[ZHANG Guoliang,DENG Hui,LI Ying,et al.Basementburied hills-an important play of gas exploration in Bohai Bay[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2004,18(4):222-229.]
[14]Hinz K,Schaluter H U.Geology of the dangerous grounds,South China Sea,and the continental margin off SouthwestPalawan:Results of Sonne cruises SO-23and SO-27[J].En-ergy,1985,10(3/4):297-315.
[15]林珍.南沙中部海域北康盆地重、磁异常解释[J].海洋地质,2005,13:69-76.[LIN Zhen.Characteristics and interpreta-tion of gravity and magnetic anomalies in Beikang basin ofcentral Nansha islands[J].Marine Geology,2005,13:69-76.]
[16]Ru Ke,Pigott J.Episodic rifting and subsidence in the SouthChina Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,1986,70(9):1136-1155.
[17]张莉,李文成,曾祥辉.礼乐盆地地层发育特征及其与油气的关系[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(5):469-473.[ZHANGLi,LI Wencheng,ZENG Xianghui.Stratigraphic sequenceand hydrocarbon potential in Lile Basin[J].Petroleum Geolo-gy and Experiment,2003,25(5):469-473.]
[18]LIU Baoming,XIA Bin,LI Xuxuan,et al.Southeastern ex-tension of the Red River fault zone(RRFZ)and its tectonic e-volution significance in western South China Sea[J].Sciencein China Series D-Earth Sciences,2006,49(8):839-850.
[19]Taylor B,Hayes D E.Origin and history of the South ChinaBasin[C]//Tectonic and Geology Evolution of Southeast A-sian Seas and Islands,Part 2.American Geophys.Uion.,Geophys.Monograph.1982,27:23-56.
[20]Briais A,Patriat P,Tapponnier P.Updated interpretation ofmagnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the SouthChina Sea:Implications for the Tertiary tectonics of South-east Asia[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1995,98:6299-6328.
[21]钟广见,易海,林珍,等.粤东和南海东北部陆坡区中生界及烃源岩特征[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(6):676-681.[ZHONG Guangjian,YI Hai,LIN Zhen,et al.Charateristicof source rocks and Mesozoic in continental slope area of NESouth China Sea and east Guangdong of China[J].XinjiangPetroleum Geology,2007,28(6):676-681.]
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