基于相位扫描的地震子波提取方法研究
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摘要
以常相位假设为基础,通过计算随信号相位发生变化的目标函数值来对地震记录进行相位扫描,以寻求最能逼近子波真实形态的常相位值,并应用此相位及地震记录的振幅谱合成地震子波,达到地震子波提取的目的。在以往通用目标函数的基础上,增加了对信号相位特征反映更为敏感的绝对峰度准则目标函数,并在统计平均意义下,采用多目标联合扫描的方式求取信号相位,使其更能准确、真实地反映子波的相位特征,同时也能提高抗干扰能力。模拟试验证实了该方法的可行性和有效性,进一步通过对实际资料的子波估计以及应用估计的子波进行反褶积处理的结果论证了该方法的实用价值。
Take consistent phase supposition as foundation, changes the object function value is changed through computing the signal phase to scann the phase of seismic record, the approach to the wavelet real shape constistent phase value sought, and the phase and the recorded amplitude spectrum synthesis seismic wavelet used, wavelet extraction realized. On the basis of common object function, new object function which more sensitive to the signal phase characteristic is added. And the way that multi-objective union scanning is applied to seek for statistical average , make wavelet phase characteristic more accurately and really, improve anti-interference ability at the same time.The practical value of method has been proved by estimating wavelet from practical data and deconvolution.
Take consistent phase supposition as foundation, changes the object function value is changed through computing the signal phase to scann the phase of seismic record, the approach to the wavelet real shape constistent phase value sought, and the phase and the recorded amplitude spectrum synthesis seismic wavelet used, wavelet extraction realized. On the basis of common object function, new object function which more sensitive to the signal phase characteristic is added. And the way that multi-objective union scanning is applied to seek for statistical average , make wavelet phase characteristic more accurately and really, improve anti-interference ability at the same time.The practical value of method has been proved by estimating wavelet from practical data and deconvolution.
引文
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[2]刘金俊,王修田,徐世浙.实现地震道零相位化的子波相位谱消去法[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(4):89.
[3]陈必远,陈明伟,易维启.时空变分频常相位校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(1):103-108.
[4]刘金俊,王修田,徐世浙,等.基于子波相位谱扫描法的子波求取方法[J].海洋科学,2000,24(6):4-7.
[5]张广智,刘洪,印兴耀.井旁道地震子波精细提取方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):158-163.
[6]孙成禹.空变地震子波提取方法研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1):77-84.
[7]Levy S,Oldenburg D W.Automatic phase correction of common-midpoint stacked data[J].GEOPHYSICS,1987,52(1):51-59.
[8]Eisner Andy E,Hampson G.Decomposition into mini-mum and maximum phase components[J].GEOPHYS-ICS,1990,55(7):897-901.
[9]程乾生.信号数字处理的数学原理[M].第二版.北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[10]程乾生.最小熵反褶积的理论问题[J].石油物探,1980,20(1):54-64.
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