混凝土框架结构抗震设计的弯矩增大系数
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摘要
基于结构的不同功能失效时对应的损失值不同这一基本事实,利用分枝限界法找出了框架结构在地震作用和竖向荷载共同作用下的主要失效模式和代表机构,通过引入基于失效概率的结构优化模型和结构失效损失期望值,并结合一个框架算例,对现行抗震设计规范的“强柱弱梁”弯矩增大系数的取值进行校核,优化分析得到了柱端弯矩增大系数的合理取值。计算结果表明,梁式失效机构的可靠指标为1.8,柱式失效机构的可靠指标为2.6,说明按照现行抗震设计规范设计的混凝土框架结构,可以满足“强柱弱梁”的要求。
Based on the fact that different failure modes have different loss values in a concrete frame structure under earthquake actions,the main failure modes and representative mechanisms of concrete frame structures under earthquake actions and vertical loads were found by the branch-bound method.Through introducing a structural optimization model based on the failure probability and a failure loss expectation of the structure,the values of the bending moment magnification factor of "strong column-weak beam" in the code for anti-seismic design of buildings were calibrated with an example of concrete frame.The reasonable values of bending moment magnification factor were obtained by optimization analysis,and the reliable indexes of beam mechanism and column mechanism in the frame were respectively 1.8 and 2.6.It is shown that the concrete frame structure designed according to the anti-seismic code can meet the requirement of "strong column-weak beam".
Based on the fact that different failure modes have different loss values in a concrete frame structure under earthquake actions,the main failure modes and representative mechanisms of concrete frame structures under earthquake actions and vertical loads were found by the branch-bound method.Through introducing a structural optimization model based on the failure probability and a failure loss expectation of the structure,the values of the bending moment magnification factor of "strong column-weak beam" in the code for anti-seismic design of buildings were calibrated with an example of concrete frame.The reasonable values of bending moment magnification factor were obtained by optimization analysis,and the reliable indexes of beam mechanism and column mechanism in the frame were respectively 1.8 and 2.6.It is shown that the concrete frame structure designed according to the anti-seismic code can meet the requirement of "strong column-weak beam".
引文
[1]Eurocode 8,Design of Structures for Earthquake Re-sistance[S].
[2]ACI Committee 318,Building Code Requirements forStructural Concrete(ACI 318-99),and Commentary(ACI 318R-99)[S].
[3]NZS 3101,Concrete Structures Standard[S].
[4]袁贤讯.钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震设计理论与方法研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2000.YUAN Xian-xun.Research on Theory and Method ofAnti-seismic Design of RC Frame Structures[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2000.
[5]董学江.强柱弱梁型RC框架在地震荷载作用下的可靠度[J].青岛建筑工程学院学报,1996,17(3):29-32.DONG Xue-jiang.Reliability of RC Frame withStrong Column-Weak Beam Under Seismic Load Ac-tion[J].Journal of Qingdao Institute of Architectureand Engineering,1996,17(3):29-32.
[6]沈蒲生,孟焕陵.框筒结构梁柱截面基于剪力滞最小的合理高度[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(3):16-19.SHEN Pu-sheng,MENG Huan-ling.Reasonable Sec-tion Height of Beam and Column Based on the Mini-mum Shear Lag in Framed Tube Structures[J].Jour-nal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2005,22(3):16-19.
[7]陈肇元.要大幅度提高建筑结构设计的安全度[J].建筑结构,1999,29(1):3-6.CHEN Zhao-yuan.The Design Safety of BuildingStructures Should Be Greatly Raised[J].BuildingStructures,1999,29(1):3-6.
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[9]王锁军,王元清,吴杰,等.组合梁刚度对组合框架的抗震性能影响分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2006,23(1):39-44.WANG Suo-jun,WANG Yuan-qing,WU Jie,et al.A-nalysis of Composite Beam Rigidity Influencing Seis-mic Properties of Composite Frame[J].Journal of Ar-chitecture and Civil Engineering,2006,23(1):39-44.
[10]马玉平,马昕,崔建涛.高强度混凝土试验研究[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(3):67-69.MA Yu-ping,MA Xin,CUI Jian-tao.ExperimentalResearch on High-Strength Concrete[J].Journal ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,2005,22(3):67-69.
[11]郭军庆,王雪韵,雷自学,等.加芯混凝土框架柱轴压比限值试验研究[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(4):45-49.GUO Jun-qing,WANG Xue-yun,LEI Zi-xue,et al.Experimental Research on Limit Value of Axial Com-pression Ratio for Concrete Frame Columns with Cen-tral Reinforcement[J].Journal of Architecture andCivil Engineering,2005,22(4):45-49.
[12]王光远,程耿东,邵卓民,等.抗震结构的最优设防烈度与可靠度[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.WANG Guang-yuan,CHENG Geng-dong,SHAOZhuo-min,et al.Optimal Fortification Intensity andReliability of Anti-seismic Structures[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999.
[13]贺拥军,周绪红,刘永健,等.超大跨度巨型网格结构[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(3):25-29.HE Yong-jun,ZHOU Xu-hong,LIU Yong-jian,et al.Super-Span Reticulated Mega-structure[J].Journal ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,2005,22(3):25-29.
[14]刘伯权,潘元.框架-抗震墙结构抗震墙抗弯刚度的优化研究[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(1):55-57.LIU Bo-quan,PAN Yuan.Study on Optimum BendingRigidity of Seismic Wall in Frame-Shear Wall Struc-ture[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineer-ing,2005,22(1):55-57.
[15]THOFT-CHRISTENSEN P,MUROTSU Y.Applica-tion of Structural System Reliability[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1986.
[16]MELCHERS R E.Structural Reliability Analysis andPrediction[M].Chichester:Ellis Horwood Ltd,1987.
[17]章在墉.抗震措施的经济评价和决策分析[C]//中国地震学会.全国地震工程论文选集.上海:上海科技出版社,1984:27-35.ZHANG Zai-yong.Economic Evaluation and Decision-Making Analysis on the Anti-seismic Measurements[C]//Seismological Society of China.Selections ofProceedings on the National Earthquake EngineeringConference.Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technol-ogy Press,1984:27-35.
[18]KAZUHIKO K,TAKASHI K.Evaluation of IndirectEconomic Effect Caused by the 1983 Nihowkai ChubuEarthquake Japan[J].Earthquake Spectra,1990,6(4):739-756.
[19]张颖.基于失效损失期望的RC框架抗震设计参数优化[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.ZHANG Ying.Optimal Parameters in Anti-seismicDesign of RC Frame Based on the Failure Loss Ex-pectation[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2005.
[2]ACI Committee 318,Building Code Requirements forStructural Concrete(ACI 318-99),and Commentary(ACI 318R-99)[S].
[3]NZS 3101,Concrete Structures Standard[S].
[4]袁贤讯.钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震设计理论与方法研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2000.YUAN Xian-xun.Research on Theory and Method ofAnti-seismic Design of RC Frame Structures[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2000.
[5]董学江.强柱弱梁型RC框架在地震荷载作用下的可靠度[J].青岛建筑工程学院学报,1996,17(3):29-32.DONG Xue-jiang.Reliability of RC Frame withStrong Column-Weak Beam Under Seismic Load Ac-tion[J].Journal of Qingdao Institute of Architectureand Engineering,1996,17(3):29-32.
[6]沈蒲生,孟焕陵.框筒结构梁柱截面基于剪力滞最小的合理高度[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(3):16-19.SHEN Pu-sheng,MENG Huan-ling.Reasonable Sec-tion Height of Beam and Column Based on the Mini-mum Shear Lag in Framed Tube Structures[J].Jour-nal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2005,22(3):16-19.
[7]陈肇元.要大幅度提高建筑结构设计的安全度[J].建筑结构,1999,29(1):3-6.CHEN Zhao-yuan.The Design Safety of BuildingStructures Should Be Greatly Raised[J].BuildingStructures,1999,29(1):3-6.
[8]李明顺.结构设计安全度专题讨论综述[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(6):75-77.LI Ming-shun.Review and Discussion of StructuralDesign Safety[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(6):75-77.
[9]王锁军,王元清,吴杰,等.组合梁刚度对组合框架的抗震性能影响分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2006,23(1):39-44.WANG Suo-jun,WANG Yuan-qing,WU Jie,et al.A-nalysis of Composite Beam Rigidity Influencing Seis-mic Properties of Composite Frame[J].Journal of Ar-chitecture and Civil Engineering,2006,23(1):39-44.
[10]马玉平,马昕,崔建涛.高强度混凝土试验研究[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(3):67-69.MA Yu-ping,MA Xin,CUI Jian-tao.ExperimentalResearch on High-Strength Concrete[J].Journal ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,2005,22(3):67-69.
[11]郭军庆,王雪韵,雷自学,等.加芯混凝土框架柱轴压比限值试验研究[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(4):45-49.GUO Jun-qing,WANG Xue-yun,LEI Zi-xue,et al.Experimental Research on Limit Value of Axial Com-pression Ratio for Concrete Frame Columns with Cen-tral Reinforcement[J].Journal of Architecture andCivil Engineering,2005,22(4):45-49.
[12]王光远,程耿东,邵卓民,等.抗震结构的最优设防烈度与可靠度[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.WANG Guang-yuan,CHENG Geng-dong,SHAOZhuo-min,et al.Optimal Fortification Intensity andReliability of Anti-seismic Structures[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999.
[13]贺拥军,周绪红,刘永健,等.超大跨度巨型网格结构[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(3):25-29.HE Yong-jun,ZHOU Xu-hong,LIU Yong-jian,et al.Super-Span Reticulated Mega-structure[J].Journal ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,2005,22(3):25-29.
[14]刘伯权,潘元.框架-抗震墙结构抗震墙抗弯刚度的优化研究[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(1):55-57.LIU Bo-quan,PAN Yuan.Study on Optimum BendingRigidity of Seismic Wall in Frame-Shear Wall Struc-ture[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineer-ing,2005,22(1):55-57.
[15]THOFT-CHRISTENSEN P,MUROTSU Y.Applica-tion of Structural System Reliability[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1986.
[16]MELCHERS R E.Structural Reliability Analysis andPrediction[M].Chichester:Ellis Horwood Ltd,1987.
[17]章在墉.抗震措施的经济评价和决策分析[C]//中国地震学会.全国地震工程论文选集.上海:上海科技出版社,1984:27-35.ZHANG Zai-yong.Economic Evaluation and Decision-Making Analysis on the Anti-seismic Measurements[C]//Seismological Society of China.Selections ofProceedings on the National Earthquake EngineeringConference.Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technol-ogy Press,1984:27-35.
[18]KAZUHIKO K,TAKASHI K.Evaluation of IndirectEconomic Effect Caused by the 1983 Nihowkai ChubuEarthquake Japan[J].Earthquake Spectra,1990,6(4):739-756.
[19]张颖.基于失效损失期望的RC框架抗震设计参数优化[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.ZHANG Ying.Optimal Parameters in Anti-seismicDesign of RC Frame Based on the Failure Loss Ex-pectation[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2005.
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