基于虚拟偏移距方法的各向异性转换波保幅叠前时间偏移(英文)
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摘要
本文运用了虚拟偏移距偏移方法实现了各向异性的转换波保幅叠前时间偏移,该方法通过虚拟偏移距直接将原始道集映射为CCSP道集,简化了常规转换波处理的基本流程,所形成的POM道集具有很高的覆盖次数和信噪比,有利于速度分析,尤其适合低信噪比的地震资料。本文通过等效各向异性理论,求取各向异性参数,根据VTI介质的散射旅行时公式推导了各向异性介质的POM方法的虚拟偏移距,通过保幅的POM道集映射、速度分析和叠加等处理,得到各向异性偏移结果。理论模型试算和实际资料处理表明转换波各向异性POM方法保幅叠前时间偏移的有效性。
In this paper,we use the method of pseudo-offset migration(POM)to complete converted wave pre-stack time migration with amplitude-preservation in an anisotropic medium.The method maps the original traces into common conversion scatter point (CCSP)gathers directly by POM,which simplifies the conventional processing procedure for converted waves.The POM gather fold and SNR are high,which is favorable for velocity analysis and especially suitable for seismic data with low SNR.We used equivalent anisotropic theory to compute anisotropic parameters.Based on the scattering wave travel- time equation in a VTI medium,the POM pseudo-offset migration in anisotropic media was deduced.By amplitude-preserving POM gather mapping,velocity analysis,stack processing,and so on,the anisotropic migration results were acquired.The forward modeling computation and actual data processing demonstrate the validity of converted wave pre-stack time migration with amplitude-preservation using the anisotropic POM method.
In this paper,we use the method of pseudo-offset migration(POM)to complete converted wave pre-stack time migration with amplitude-preservation in an anisotropic medium.The method maps the original traces into common conversion scatter point (CCSP)gathers directly by POM,which simplifies the conventional processing procedure for converted waves.The POM gather fold and SNR are high,which is favorable for velocity analysis and especially suitable for seismic data with low SNR.We used equivalent anisotropic theory to compute anisotropic parameters.Based on the scattering wave travel- time equation in a VTI medium,the POM pseudo-offset migration in anisotropic media was deduced.By amplitude-preserving POM gather mapping,velocity analysis,stack processing,and so on,the anisotropic migration results were acquired.The forward modeling computation and actual data processing demonstrate the validity of converted wave pre-stack time migration with amplitude-preservation using the anisotropic POM method.
引文
Alkhalifah,T.,1997,Velocity analysis using nonhyperbolic moveout in transversely isotropic media:Geophysics,62(6),1839-1854.
Alkhalifah,T.,and Tsvankin,I.,1995,Velocity analysis for transversely isotropic media:Geophysics,60(5), 1550-1566.
Bleistein,N.,1987,On the imaging of reflectors in the earth:Geophysics,52(7),931-942.
Geiger,H.D.,2001,Relative-amplitude-preserving weights for Kirchhoff prestack time migration by the equivalent offset method:University of Calgary, 216-297.
Geiger,H.D.,2002,Amplitude-preserving weights for Kirchhoff prestack time migration:72nd
Ann.Internat.Mtg,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1220-1223.
Goertz,A.,and Riede,M.,2005,True-amplitude migration weights for converted waves:75th Ann. Internat.Mtg,,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2001-2004.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2001a,Converted-wave imaging in inhomogeneous,anisotropic media:part 1-parameter estimation:63rd EAGE Conference, Expanded Abstracts,109-113.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2001b,Converted-wave imaging in inhomogeneous,anisotropic media: part 2-prestack migration:63rd EAGE Conference, Expanded Abstracts,114-117.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2005a,Converted-wave seismology in anisotropic media revisited,partⅠ:basic theory:Applied Geophysics,2(1),26-40.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2005b,Converted-wave seismology in anisotropic media revisited,partⅡ: basic theory:Applied Geophysics,2(3),153-167.
Ma,Z.J.,and Tang,J.M.,2007,Application of pre- stack time migration in 3-D converted-wave data: Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese), 47(2),174-180.
Miao,X.G.,and Torre,Z.,2006,Anisotropic velocity updating for converted-wave prestack time migration: 76th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,1158-1162.
Miao,X.G.,Gray,S.,and Zhang,Y.,2005,Converted- wave true amplitude prestack Kirchhoff migration: 75nd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,935-938.
Schleicher,J.,Tygel,M.,and Hubral,P.,1993,3-D true- amplitude finite-offset migration:Geophysics,58(8), 1112-1126.
Sun,C.W.,and Martinez,R.D.,2003,3D Kirchhoff PS-wave prestack time migration for V(z)and VTI media:73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,957-960.
Sun,J.G.,2002,Kirchhofftype true amplitude migration and demigration:Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),25(6),1-5.
Sun,J.G.,1997,Limited-aperture migration: Geophysics,65(2),584-595.
Sun,C.W.,and Martinez R.D.,2003,3D Kirchhoff PS-wave prestack time migration for V(z)and VTI media:73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,957-960.
Tsvankin,I.,and Thomsen,L.,1994,Nonhyperbolic reflection moveout in anisotropic media:Geophysics, (8),1290-1304.
Vanelle,C.,and Gajewski,D.,2001,Traveltime based true amplitude migration of PS converted
waves:71st Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,288-291.
Wang,W.Z.,Long,L.D.,and Min,L.,2002,Converted- wave prestack time migration for isotropic and anisotropic media:72nd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc, Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,990-993.
Wang,W.Z.,and Pham,L.D.,2001,Converted-wave prestack imaging and velocity analysis by pseudo- offset migration:63rd EAGE Conference,Expanded Abstracts,12-20.
Yuan,J.X.,2001,Analysis of four-component seafloor seismic data for seismic anisotropy:Ph.D Thesis,University of Edinburgh,England.
Zhang,P.P.,Chang,X.,and Gui,Z.X.,2006,The study on amplitude-preserving migration:Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),21(4),1186-1191.
Zhang,Y.,2006,The theory of true amplitude one-way wave equation migration:Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),49(5),1410-1430.
Zhang,Y.,Gray,S.,and Young,J.,2000,Exact and approximate weights for Kirchhoff migration:70th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl,Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1036-1039.
Zhang,Y.,Karazincir,M.,Notfors,J.S.,Sun,J.,and Hung,B.,2002,Amplitude preserving v(z)pre-stack Kirchhoff migration,demigration and modeling:64th EAGE Annual Conference,27-30.
Zhang,L.Y.,and Liu,Y.,2006,Analysis and application of pseudo-offset method in the converted-wave prestack time migration:Applied geophysics,3(1),18 -26.
Zhang,Y.,Zhang,G.Q.,and Bleistein,N.,2005,Theory of true-amplitude one-way wave equations and true- amplitude common-shot migration:Geophysics,70 (4),1-10.
Alkhalifah,T.,and Tsvankin,I.,1995,Velocity analysis for transversely isotropic media:Geophysics,60(5), 1550-1566.
Bleistein,N.,1987,On the imaging of reflectors in the earth:Geophysics,52(7),931-942.
Geiger,H.D.,2001,Relative-amplitude-preserving weights for Kirchhoff prestack time migration by the equivalent offset method:University of Calgary, 216-297.
Geiger,H.D.,2002,Amplitude-preserving weights for Kirchhoff prestack time migration:72nd
Ann.Internat.Mtg,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1220-1223.
Goertz,A.,and Riede,M.,2005,True-amplitude migration weights for converted waves:75th Ann. Internat.Mtg,,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2001-2004.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2001a,Converted-wave imaging in inhomogeneous,anisotropic media:part 1-parameter estimation:63rd EAGE Conference, Expanded Abstracts,109-113.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2001b,Converted-wave imaging in inhomogeneous,anisotropic media: part 2-prestack migration:63rd EAGE Conference, Expanded Abstracts,114-117.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2005a,Converted-wave seismology in anisotropic media revisited,partⅠ:basic theory:Applied Geophysics,2(1),26-40.
Li,X.Y.,and Yuan,J.X.,2005b,Converted-wave seismology in anisotropic media revisited,partⅡ: basic theory:Applied Geophysics,2(3),153-167.
Ma,Z.J.,and Tang,J.M.,2007,Application of pre- stack time migration in 3-D converted-wave data: Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese), 47(2),174-180.
Miao,X.G.,and Torre,Z.,2006,Anisotropic velocity updating for converted-wave prestack time migration: 76th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,1158-1162.
Miao,X.G.,Gray,S.,and Zhang,Y.,2005,Converted- wave true amplitude prestack Kirchhoff migration: 75nd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,935-938.
Schleicher,J.,Tygel,M.,and Hubral,P.,1993,3-D true- amplitude finite-offset migration:Geophysics,58(8), 1112-1126.
Sun,C.W.,and Martinez,R.D.,2003,3D Kirchhoff PS-wave prestack time migration for V(z)and VTI media:73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,957-960.
Sun,J.G.,2002,Kirchhofftype true amplitude migration and demigration:Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),25(6),1-5.
Sun,J.G.,1997,Limited-aperture migration: Geophysics,65(2),584-595.
Sun,C.W.,and Martinez R.D.,2003,3D Kirchhoff PS-wave prestack time migration for V(z)and VTI media:73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,957-960.
Tsvankin,I.,and Thomsen,L.,1994,Nonhyperbolic reflection moveout in anisotropic media:Geophysics, (8),1290-1304.
Vanelle,C.,and Gajewski,D.,2001,Traveltime based true amplitude migration of PS converted
waves:71st Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys., Expanded Abstracts,288-291.
Wang,W.Z.,Long,L.D.,and Min,L.,2002,Converted- wave prestack time migration for isotropic and anisotropic media:72nd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc, Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,990-993.
Wang,W.Z.,and Pham,L.D.,2001,Converted-wave prestack imaging and velocity analysis by pseudo- offset migration:63rd EAGE Conference,Expanded Abstracts,12-20.
Yuan,J.X.,2001,Analysis of four-component seafloor seismic data for seismic anisotropy:Ph.D Thesis,University of Edinburgh,England.
Zhang,P.P.,Chang,X.,and Gui,Z.X.,2006,The study on amplitude-preserving migration:Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),21(4),1186-1191.
Zhang,Y.,2006,The theory of true amplitude one-way wave equation migration:Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),49(5),1410-1430.
Zhang,Y.,Gray,S.,and Young,J.,2000,Exact and approximate weights for Kirchhoff migration:70th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl,Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1036-1039.
Zhang,Y.,Karazincir,M.,Notfors,J.S.,Sun,J.,and Hung,B.,2002,Amplitude preserving v(z)pre-stack Kirchhoff migration,demigration and modeling:64th EAGE Annual Conference,27-30.
Zhang,L.Y.,and Liu,Y.,2006,Analysis and application of pseudo-offset method in the converted-wave prestack time migration:Applied geophysics,3(1),18 -26.
Zhang,Y.,Zhang,G.Q.,and Bleistein,N.,2005,Theory of true-amplitude one-way wave equations and true- amplitude common-shot migration:Geophysics,70 (4),1-10.
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