可控震源地震勘探的数值模拟
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摘要
用可控震源激发的线性扫频(Chirp)信号模拟了二维地震勘探,采用相关处理技术把反射Chirp地震信号转化为脉冲地震信号形成了相关地震剖面,把相关地震剖面与脉冲震源产生的合成地震记录剖面进行了对比。相关地震剖面同相轴波形的最大绝对值出现的位置反映了界面的真实位置信息。相关地震剖面比脉冲震源产生的合成地震记录剖面具有更高的分辨率。对震源扫频信号进行适当地锥化处理可以部分地压制相关地震剖面中反射地震信号的旁瓣。
The authors perform the numerical simulation for 2D seismic exploration with a vibrator which produces a Chirp signal,translate the reflective Chirp seismic signals into pulse seismic signals with correlation processing technique so as to form a correlation seismogram section,and compare the correlation seismogram section with a synthetic seismogram section produced by a pulse source.In correlation seismogram section,the position corresponding maximum absolute value of event waveform indicates real position information of an interface.Correlation seismogram section possesses higher resolution than the synthetic seismogram section with the pulse source.Tapering the sweep signal can partially reduce the side lobes of reflective seismic signals in correlation seismogram section.
The authors perform the numerical simulation for 2D seismic exploration with a vibrator which produces a Chirp signal,translate the reflective Chirp seismic signals into pulse seismic signals with correlation processing technique so as to form a correlation seismogram section,and compare the correlation seismogram section with a synthetic seismogram section produced by a pulse source.In correlation seismogram section,the position corresponding maximum absolute value of event waveform indicates real position information of an interface.Correlation seismogram section possesses higher resolution than the synthetic seismogram section with the pulse source.Tapering the sweep signal can partially reduce the side lobes of reflective seismic signals in correlation seismogram section.
引文
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[2]张子三,林君,陈祖斌,等.轻便高频可控震源的计算机测控系统[J].计算机自动测量与控制,2000,8(4):1012.ZHANG Zi-san,LIN Jun,CHEN Zu-bin,et al.In-dustrial PC based measurement&control system inportable high-frequency vibrator[J].Compute Auto-Measure and Control,2000,8(4):10 12.
[3]CHEN Zu-bin,LIN Jun.Design for vibrator field ex-periment based on vibrator-earth system[J].Journal ofGeoscientific Research in Northeast Asia,2000,3(1):107 113.
[4]Kelly K R,Ward R W,Treitel S,et al.Syntheticseismograms:A finite-difference approach[J].Geo-physics,1976,41(1):2 27.
[5]戴志阳,孙建国,查显杰.地震波场模拟中的褶积微分算子法[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005,35(4):520 524.DAI Zhi-yang,SUN Jian-guo,ZHA Xian-jie.Seismicwave field modeling with convolution differentiator al-gorithm[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth ScienceEdition),2005,35(4):520 524.
[6]孟庆生,何樵登,朱建伟,等.基于BISQ模型双向各向同性介质中地震波数值模拟[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(2):217 221.MENG Qing-sheng,HE Qiao-deng,ZHU Jian-wei,etal.Seismic modeling in isotropic porous media basedon BISQ model[J].Journal of Jilin University(EarthScience Edition),2003,33(2):217 221.
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