重力式挡墙基于位移的抗震设计方法研究——大型振动台模型试验研究
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摘要
基于位移的设计方法是岩土工程抗震领域的前沿课题。以大型振动台模型试验为手段,研究重力式挡土墙的位移计算模型,能够为挡土墙基于位移的抗震设计提供支撑。首先系统介绍了实验方案,包括实验装置、模型设计、测试方案、地震波输入及加载制度。然后,研究了不同地震烈度下重力式挡墙墙体位移及位移模式的变化规律,阐述了土压力分布及其与位移的变化关系,并以Newmark滑块及Zeng和Steedman转动块理论为基础,构建了计算地震下重力式挡墙滑移位移及转动位移模型。经比较振动台模型试验与既有滑移位移经验公式结果,提出Whitman和Liao的均值拟合法适合用于计算重力式挡土墙的滑移位移量。最后,对重力式挡墙基于位移的抗震设计流程进行了归纳。
The displacement-based design method is a frontier research topic in the aseismic field of geotechnical engineering.By means of large scale shaking table tests,the researches on displacement calculation modes of gravity retaining walls can provide supports for the displacement-based aseismic design method of gravity retaining walls.Firstly,the test scheme is introduced,including test equipments,mode design,testing procedures,seismic wave input and loading system.Secondly,the variation laws of displacements and displacement modes of retaining walls under different seismic intensities are studied,and then,the distribution of seismic earth pressure and its variation relationship with the displacement are also introduced.Based on Newmark's sliding block method and Zeng & Steedman's rotating block method,two models of sliding and rotating displacements are created separately.By comparing the calculated results of shaking table tests with those of empirical formulas,Whitman & Liao's mean fitting method is proposed to calculate the sliding displacement of gravity walls.Finally,the displacement-based aseismic design flow for gravity retaining walls is summarized.
The displacement-based design method is a frontier research topic in the aseismic field of geotechnical engineering.By means of large scale shaking table tests,the researches on displacement calculation modes of gravity retaining walls can provide supports for the displacement-based aseismic design method of gravity retaining walls.Firstly,the test scheme is introduced,including test equipments,mode design,testing procedures,seismic wave input and loading system.Secondly,the variation laws of displacements and displacement modes of retaining walls under different seismic intensities are studied,and then,the distribution of seismic earth pressure and its variation relationship with the displacement are also introduced.Based on Newmark's sliding block method and Zeng & Steedman's rotating block method,two models of sliding and rotating displacements are created separately.By comparing the calculated results of shaking table tests with those of empirical formulas,Whitman & Liao's mean fitting method is proposed to calculate the sliding displacement of gravity walls.Finally,the displacement-based aseismic design flow for gravity retaining walls is summarized.
引文
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[10]ZENG X,STEEDMAN R S.Rotating block method forseismic displacement of gravity retaining walls[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2000,126(8):709-717.
[11]CAI Z,BATHURST R J.Deterministic sliding block methodsfor estimating seismic displacements of earth structures[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1996,15:255-268.
[12]HANG C-C,WU S-H,SEISMIC H-J.Displacement criterionfor soil retaining walls based on soil strength mobilization[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2009,135(1):74-83.
[13]韩鹏飞.重力式挡墙大型振动台模型试验与基于性能的抗震设计方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.(HANPeng-fei,Large shaking table test of gravity retaining walland performance-based seismic design methods[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2011.(in Chinese))
[14]WILLIAM B JOYNER,DAVID M BOORE PEAK.Horizontal acceleration and velocity from strongmotionrecords including recor-s from the 1979 imperial valley,california,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the SeismologicalSociety of America,1981,71(6):2011-2038.
[2]EUROPEAN STANDARD 1998 Eurocode 8:Design ofstructures for earthquake resistance Part 5:Foundations,retaining structures and geotechnical aspects[S].1998.
[3]WOOD J H D,ELMS G.Sesmic design of bridge abutmentsand retaining wall[R].Road Research Unit Bulletin 84Volume 2 ISSN 0549-0030.
[4]张建经,冯君,肖世国,等.支挡结构抗震设计的两个关键技术问题[J].西南交通大学学报,2009(44):321-326.(ZHANG Jian-jing,FENG Jun,XIAO Shi-guo,et al.Discussions on two key technical problems for seismicdesign of retaining structures[J].Journal of SouthwestJiaotong University,2009(44):321-326.(in Chinese))
[5]朱桐浩,郑素璋,兰永珍.模拟地震荷载作用重力式挡墙土压力的模型试验[J].四川建筑科学研究,1983(1):35-37.(ZHU Tong-hao,ZHENG Su-zhang,LAN Yong-zhen.Shaking table test of earth pressure of gravity retaining wallunder earthquake shaking[J].Sichuan Arctichture ScienceResearch,1983(1):35-37.(in Chinese))
[6]ISAO Ishibashi,FANG Yung-Show.Dynamic earth pressureswith different wall movement modes[J].Soils andFoundations,1987,24(4):11-22.
[7]KOSEKI J,TATSUOKA F,MUNAF Y,et al.A modifiedprocedure to evaluate seismic active earth pressureconsidering effects of strain localization in backfill soil[J].Soils and Foundations,1998(S):209-216.
[8]ZHANG Jian-min,SONG Fei,LI De-ji.Effects of strainlocalization on seismic active earth pressure[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2010:999.
[9]NEWMARK N M.Effect of earthquakes on dams andembankments[J].Géotechnique,1965,15(2):139-159.
[10]ZENG X,STEEDMAN R S.Rotating block method forseismic displacement of gravity retaining walls[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2000,126(8):709-717.
[11]CAI Z,BATHURST R J.Deterministic sliding block methodsfor estimating seismic displacements of earth structures[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1996,15:255-268.
[12]HANG C-C,WU S-H,SEISMIC H-J.Displacement criterionfor soil retaining walls based on soil strength mobilization[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2009,135(1):74-83.
[13]韩鹏飞.重力式挡墙大型振动台模型试验与基于性能的抗震设计方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.(HANPeng-fei,Large shaking table test of gravity retaining walland performance-based seismic design methods[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2011.(in Chinese))
[14]WILLIAM B JOYNER,DAVID M BOORE PEAK.Horizontal acceleration and velocity from strongmotionrecords including recor-s from the 1979 imperial valley,california,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the SeismologicalSociety of America,1981,71(6):2011-2038.
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