楼梯对框架结构刚度影响分析
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摘要
汶川地震中许多框架结构楼梯遭到严重破坏,造成大量的人员伤亡。震害调查表明,楼梯作为斜撑构件对整体抗震影响显著。结合新修订的GB 50011—2010《建筑结构抗震设计规范》中关于计算中应考虑楼梯构件的影响等条文,采用D值法建立了考虑楼梯的简化计算模型,对框架刚度及楼梯受力进行修正。通过对比解析法与PKPM(08版)软件计算所得结果,发现地震作用下加入楼梯对整体结构的刚度影响不可忽略,楼梯各构件在地震作用下受力不同于仅仅按照重力荷载作用下分析结果。建议框架结构楼梯梯段、休息平台及梯柱设计时宜考虑地震作用,刚度计算时应考虑楼梯对整体刚度的影响。
Many stairs of frame structure in wenchuan earthquake destroyed seriously,resulting in mass casualties.Research on earthquake damage found that diagonal bracing could not be ignored.The newly revised GB 50011—2010 Code for Seismic Design of Building pointed that the impact of stairs should be considered in calculating,so D-method was used for calculating simplified model with stairs in order to amend lateral stiffness of structure and force of stairs.Comparing results of analysis method with PKPM(08),it could be Proved that lateral stiffness considering stairs was greater than the one without taking account of stairs,and typical components of stairs had different force results between earthquake action and the those with considering gravity loads.It was proposed that components of stairs should be designed considering earthquake action;stiffness should be calculated considering effect of stairs.
Many stairs of frame structure in wenchuan earthquake destroyed seriously,resulting in mass casualties.Research on earthquake damage found that diagonal bracing could not be ignored.The newly revised GB 50011—2010 Code for Seismic Design of Building pointed that the impact of stairs should be considered in calculating,so D-method was used for calculating simplified model with stairs in order to amend lateral stiffness of structure and force of stairs.Comparing results of analysis method with PKPM(08),it could be Proved that lateral stiffness considering stairs was greater than the one without taking account of stairs,and typical components of stairs had different force results between earthquake action and the those with considering gravity loads.It was proposed that components of stairs should be designed considering earthquake action;stiffness should be calculated considering effect of stairs.
引文
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[12]曹万林,庞国新,李云霄.带楼梯框架弹性层刚度的试验研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(2):29-32.
[2]胡裕地.楼梯结构的震害分析与设计建议[J].科学咨询,2009(11):37.
[3]陈宗臣,张保,张涛.由汶川地震中楼梯破坏引发的思考[J].工程质量,2009,27(5):73-74.
[4]张宗尧,于顺德,王德信.结构力学[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2003:167-169.
[5]代红军,祁皑.基于ETABS的钢筋混凝土框架与楼梯共同工作性能分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(6):136-142.
[6]刘小虎.框架结构中楼梯的抗侧刚度分析[J].工业建筑,2009,39(增刊):334-336.
[7]程文瀼,康谷贻,江见鲸.混凝土结构[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005:160-165.
[8]焦柯,吴文勇,黄真康,等.楼梯参与结构整体工作的计算分析[J].广东土木与建筑,2009(3):3-6.
[9]任彧.楼梯系统对于框架抗震性能的影响[J].福建建筑,2009(3):42-44.
[10]何敏宜,晏丽,邓岩.浅议框架结构计算中楼梯构件的影响[J].山西建筑,2010,36(6):75-76.
[11]曹万林,胡国振,周明杰,等.钢筋砼框架与楼梯共同工作性能试验研究[C]∥第八届全国结构工程学术会议论文集:Ⅱ.1999:23-26.
[12]曹万林,庞国新,李云霄.带楼梯框架弹性层刚度的试验研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(2):29-32.
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