基于Lévy Flight的地震搜救模拟研究
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摘要
地震是一种极其严重的自然灾害。由于地震灾害救援密切关系到灾区人民的生命财产安全,关于灾后救援的科学调查研究因此也具有实践指导意义。搜救行动是一个需要合作的过程。探讨合作搜救的复杂特性,对指导救援行动意义重大。随机游走模型在众多领域中已经得到了广泛的应用。将随机游走模型中的一种,Lévy Flight引入到搜救模拟的研究中来,建立基于合作的搜救模型。基于初始救援物资有限的前提,将被困幸存者存活率这一因素加以考虑,提出了救灾物资这一概念,并与幸存者存活率相结合。探讨在初期物资有限的前提下,不同规模的救援队配置对救援工作开展的影响以及新的合作规则在救援中发挥的作用。结果表明,模型能在一定程度上描述灾后搜救过程,对加深搜救工作的理解及对策制定有一定的指导作用。
Earthquake is a terrible disaster.Since disaster relief has great impact on the safety of life and property,relevant research and study is of practical significance.Cooperation is indispensable in search and rescue(SAR) and understanding the character and complexity of cooperation in SAR is of vital importance.Based on the limitation of initial SAR materials,Lévy Flight,a kind of Random Walk,in the study of SAR,established a SAR model based on cooperation is introduced.The effects of performance are scrutinized as the scale of rescue team change carefully with combination of survival rates with SAR materials.The results show that to some extent this SAR model are liable to describe the process of SAR and provides application value.
Earthquake is a terrible disaster.Since disaster relief has great impact on the safety of life and property,relevant research and study is of practical significance.Cooperation is indispensable in search and rescue(SAR) and understanding the character and complexity of cooperation in SAR is of vital importance.Based on the limitation of initial SAR materials,Lévy Flight,a kind of Random Walk,in the study of SAR,established a SAR model based on cooperation is introduced.The effects of performance are scrutinized as the scale of rescue team change carefully with combination of survival rates with SAR materials.The results show that to some extent this SAR model are liable to describe the process of SAR and provides application value.
引文
1郑彦.地震搜救的计算机模拟与分析.防灾科技学院学报,2010;12(2):58—60
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4 Viswanathan G M,Afanasyev V,Buldyrev S V,et al.Lévy flightsearch patterns of wandering albatrosses.Nature,1996;381:13—415
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6 Viswanathan G M,Afanasyev V,Buldyrev S V,et al.Lévy flightssearch patterns of biological organisms.Physica A,2001;295:85—88
7 Raposo E P,Buldyrev S V,da Luz M G E,et al.Dynamical robust-ness of lévy search strategies.Physical Review Letters,2003;91(240601):1—4
8 Bertrand S,Bertrand A,Guevara-Carrasco R,et al.Scale-invariantmovements of fishermen:the same foraging strategy as natural preda-tors.Ecological Applications,2007;17(2):331—337
9 Brockmann D,Hufnagel L,Geisel T.The scaling laws of human trav-el.Nature,2006;439:462—465
10 Rhee I,Shin M,Hong S,et al.On the Lévy-walk nature of humanmobility.INFOCOM2008.The 27th Conference on Computer Com-munications.Phoenix,AZ.IEEE,2008:924—932
11 Gonzalezi MC,Hidalgo C A,Barabasi AL.Understanding individu-al human mobility patterns.Nature,2008;453:779—782
12 Barabási AL.The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynam-ics.Nature,2008;435:207—211
13 Vázquez A,Oliveira J G,Dezso Z,et al.Modeling bursts and heavytails in human dynamics.Physical Review E,2008;73:1—19
14 Kuwata Y,Takada S.Rescue ability for earthquake casuality duringthe 1995 KOBE earthquake.http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/re-pository/00231322.pdf,2000
2安然,刘春洁,王明旭.利用数学建模浅谈汶川地震某区域搜救路线问题.中国新技术新产品,2009;20:13
3 Tani A,Yamamura T,Waridashi Y,et al.Simulation on rescue incase of earthquake disaster by multi-agent system.13th World Confer-ence on Earthquake Engineering,Vancouver,B.C.,Canada,2004:636—647
4 Viswanathan G M,Afanasyev V,Buldyrev S V,et al.Lévy flightsearch patterns of wandering albatrosses.Nature,1996;381:13—415
5 Viswanathan G M,Afanasyev V,Buldyrev S V,et al.Lévy flights inrandom searches.Physica A,2000;282:1—12
6 Viswanathan G M,Afanasyev V,Buldyrev S V,et al.Lévy flightssearch patterns of biological organisms.Physica A,2001;295:85—88
7 Raposo E P,Buldyrev S V,da Luz M G E,et al.Dynamical robust-ness of lévy search strategies.Physical Review Letters,2003;91(240601):1—4
8 Bertrand S,Bertrand A,Guevara-Carrasco R,et al.Scale-invariantmovements of fishermen:the same foraging strategy as natural preda-tors.Ecological Applications,2007;17(2):331—337
9 Brockmann D,Hufnagel L,Geisel T.The scaling laws of human trav-el.Nature,2006;439:462—465
10 Rhee I,Shin M,Hong S,et al.On the Lévy-walk nature of humanmobility.INFOCOM2008.The 27th Conference on Computer Com-munications.Phoenix,AZ.IEEE,2008:924—932
11 Gonzalezi MC,Hidalgo C A,Barabasi AL.Understanding individu-al human mobility patterns.Nature,2008;453:779—782
12 Barabási AL.The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynam-ics.Nature,2008;435:207—211
13 Vázquez A,Oliveira J G,Dezso Z,et al.Modeling bursts and heavytails in human dynamics.Physical Review E,2008;73:1—19
14 Kuwata Y,Takada S.Rescue ability for earthquake casuality duringthe 1995 KOBE earthquake.http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/re-pository/00231322.pdf,2000
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