计入衰减的地震波传播特性研究
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摘要
在对多层无衰减介质中地震波传播特性研究的基础上,通过选取典型衰减系数,研究了地震波在多层有衰减介质中的传播特性。通过计算地震波在各层有无衰减介质中的幅值和位移以及绘制相应的传播位移图,对比分析了衰减因素对不同地质分布中地震波传播特性的影响。研究结果表明在不考虑衰减情况下,地震波从震源经过多个不同地质分布层传播到地表面时,地震波的幅值均有不同程度的放大;而计入地质层的衰减因素后,地震波经过与上相同的多个不同地质分布层时,地震波幅值的放大程度将明显减小。特别的对于"表层-砾石层-岩石层-黏土层-基岩层"地质分布层,将最大程度地衰减地震波对地表层的影响。
Based on the previous research of the spreading characteristics of the seismic wave in various geological layers without the attenuation,we have discussed the spreading characteristics of the seismic waves in a multi-layer medium by taking into account the typical attenuating coefficients.The amplitudes and the displacement of the seismic wave in various geological layers with the attenuation are calculated,and the spreading figures for the displacement of the seismic wave are plotted.Therefore the effects of different geological distributions with the attenuating coefficients on the spreading characteristics of the seismic wave are finally illustrated.The results have shown that the amplitudes of the seismic wave will be amplified to some extent while the seismic wave spreads through the various geological layers without considering the attenuation.On the contrary,when the attenuations in the various geological layers are considered,the amplification of the amplitudes of the seismic wave will be decreased obviously.Especially,the geological layer combination of 'upper layer-gravel layer-rock layer-clay layer-bedrock layer' will attenuate the effect of the seismic wave to the upper layer to a great extent.
Based on the previous research of the spreading characteristics of the seismic wave in various geological layers without the attenuation,we have discussed the spreading characteristics of the seismic waves in a multi-layer medium by taking into account the typical attenuating coefficients.The amplitudes and the displacement of the seismic wave in various geological layers with the attenuation are calculated,and the spreading figures for the displacement of the seismic wave are plotted.Therefore the effects of different geological distributions with the attenuating coefficients on the spreading characteristics of the seismic wave are finally illustrated.The results have shown that the amplitudes of the seismic wave will be amplified to some extent while the seismic wave spreads through the various geological layers without considering the attenuation.On the contrary,when the attenuations in the various geological layers are considered,the amplification of the amplitudes of the seismic wave will be decreased obviously.Especially,the geological layer combination of 'upper layer-gravel layer-rock layer-clay layer-bedrock layer' will attenuate the effect of the seismic wave to the upper layer to a great extent.
引文
[1]薛宗林,滕保华,苏佳胜.浅论多层介质中地震波的传播特性[J].物理与工程,2010,20(3):41~43.
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[4]攀恒辉,吴普特,高建思,等.密度和含水率对固化土无侧限抗压强度的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2006,4(3):54~58.
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[6]赵焕利,刘宝山,李仰春.岩石密度测量在黑龙江伊春地区花岗岩体就位机制研究中的应用[J].华南地质与矿产,2006,(2):6~12.
[7]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华,等.控制式样初始剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682~685.
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[9]陈树民,宋永忠,牛彦良.松辽盆地地层吸收特性和地震波衰减特性研究[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(4):43~52.
[10]刘向峰,于永江,梁鑫.地震波频率对巷道围岩动力响应的影响[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(4):500~502.
[11]朱新运,陈运泰.用Lg波资料反演场地效应与地震波衰减参数[J].地震学报,2007,29(6):569~580.
[12]马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1074~1082.
[13]周红,陈晓.张北地震在北京市激发的二维强地面运动的模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1354~1366.
[2]廖振鹏.地震波动理论导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[3]卢再华,张志宏,顾建农.不同浅海环境下点生源海底地震波特性研究[J].声学技术,2009,28(5):596~600.
[4]攀恒辉,吴普特,高建思,等.密度和含水率对固化土无侧限抗压强度的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2006,4(3):54~58.
[5]聂影,肖启华,梁义聪.重塑黏土和原状粉质黏土的动力特性试验研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2008,30(6):66~71.
[6]赵焕利,刘宝山,李仰春.岩石密度测量在黑龙江伊春地区花岗岩体就位机制研究中的应用[J].华南地质与矿产,2006,(2):6~12.
[7]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华,等.控制式样初始剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682~685.
[8]刘海涛,任广智.浅层地震反射波法与声波测井在岩土工程中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2009,6(4):454~458.
[9]陈树民,宋永忠,牛彦良.松辽盆地地层吸收特性和地震波衰减特性研究[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(4):43~52.
[10]刘向峰,于永江,梁鑫.地震波频率对巷道围岩动力响应的影响[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(4):500~502.
[11]朱新运,陈运泰.用Lg波资料反演场地效应与地震波衰减参数[J].地震学报,2007,29(6):569~580.
[12]马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1074~1082.
[13]周红,陈晓.张北地震在北京市激发的二维强地面运动的模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1354~1366.
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