中国陆壳是富烃陆壳
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摘要
中国陆壳是全球九大陆壳中唯一一个四面受挤的陆壳,是火山活动最活跃而广泛的陆壳,也是世界上板内地震的主要发生地区。从中国陆壳所含C、H元素质量分数分析,中国陆壳的C、H元素质量分数高于全球平均含量的克拉克值。因此,由C、H元素组成的烃类物质理应高于全球陆壳含烃量的平均值。而火山活动活跃正是中国陆壳富烃的原因之一:火山活动为有机生烃机制贡献了灶体生烃模型;火山活动的热液流体为有机生烃机制贡献了催化生烃模型;火山活动带来的幔源CO2和H2贡献了合成生烃机制;火山活动带来的热液水贡献了无机碳化物生烃模型;火山活动还直接贡献了幔源烃。所以中国陆壳理应为富烃陆壳。根据中国陆壳和上陆壳的C、H元素质量分数均高于全球平均值推论,中国的陆壳和上陆壳也应富含烃类物质。已有70年开发史的玉门油区于2002年在盆地的基底岩石中又找到了一个新的玉门油区,表明在我国陆壳深层仍有大量的油气资源有待勘探、发现。
As a solely continental crust with compressive stress on all sides in global nine continental crusts,Chinese continental crust features widespread and the most active volcanic activity,hence it is main area of intraplate seismicity in the world.In view of analysis of C,H contents in Chinese continental crust,they are higher than Clarke value of global average content.This means the hydrocarbons composed of such C and H should be also higher than the average hydrocarbon content in global continental crust.Meanwhile,it is the active volcanic activity that becomes one of positive causes for Chinese continental crust should be in hydrocarbon enrichment,of which it contributes the kitchen model for hydrocarbon generation for organic source mechanism;its hydrothermal fluid contributes the catalytic model for hydrocarbon generation;its mantle-derived CO2 and H2 contribute compound mechanism for hydrocarbon generation;its hydrothermal water contributes the inorganic carbon compound model for hydrocarbon generation,and it also directly contributes mantle-derived hydrocarbons.Therefore,Chinese continental crust as a hydrocarbon-enriched one should be reasonable.In addition,higher C,H contents in Chinese sedimentary rocks than the average of global statistic values support the viewpoint that Chinese continental crust and upper continental crust should also be of hydrocarbon-enriched materials.In 2002,a new Yumen oil region was found in its basinal basement rock after 70-year development history,which indicates that the deep continental crust(s) of China still have a great deal of oil-gas resources to be explored and discovered.
As a solely continental crust with compressive stress on all sides in global nine continental crusts,Chinese continental crust features widespread and the most active volcanic activity,hence it is main area of intraplate seismicity in the world.In view of analysis of C,H contents in Chinese continental crust,they are higher than Clarke value of global average content.This means the hydrocarbons composed of such C and H should be also higher than the average hydrocarbon content in global continental crust.Meanwhile,it is the active volcanic activity that becomes one of positive causes for Chinese continental crust should be in hydrocarbon enrichment,of which it contributes the kitchen model for hydrocarbon generation for organic source mechanism;its hydrothermal fluid contributes the catalytic model for hydrocarbon generation;its mantle-derived CO2 and H2 contribute compound mechanism for hydrocarbon generation;its hydrothermal water contributes the inorganic carbon compound model for hydrocarbon generation,and it also directly contributes mantle-derived hydrocarbons.Therefore,Chinese continental crust as a hydrocarbon-enriched one should be reasonable.In addition,higher C,H contents in Chinese sedimentary rocks than the average of global statistic values support the viewpoint that Chinese continental crust and upper continental crust should also be of hydrocarbon-enriched materials.In 2002,a new Yumen oil region was found in its basinal basement rock after 70-year development history,which indicates that the deep continental crust(s) of China still have a great deal of oil-gas resources to be explored and discovered.
引文
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[14]DH I-K UEI,M IN-DA R LEE.H ydrogenation of CarbonD ioxide by H ybrid Catalysts,D irectSynthesis ofArom atics from Carbon Dioxide and H ydrogen[J].The Canadlan JournalofChem icalEngneering,1991,69(2):347-354.
[15]吴义生,孔慧英,钟洁林,等.自然科学概要[M].济南:山东科技出版社,1983.
[16]史继扬,王道德,向明菊,等.宁强球粒陨石可溶有机质初步研究[J].地球化学,1992,(1):34-40.
[17]杜乐天.地幔流体与软流层(体)地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.423.
[18]黎彤.中国陆壳及其沉积层和上陆壳的化学元素丰度[J].地球化学,1994,23(2):141.
[2]胡见义.油气资源短期有保证长期不乐观[N].中国石油报,2003-04-22.
[3]沈英甲.中国能源如何面临挑战——访国务院发展研究中心产业经济部副部长冯飞研究员[N].科技日报,2003-12-02.
[4]于章莘明,曹菲.未来20年将面临矿产资源短缺[N].科技日报,2002-12-28.
[5]张文佑.断块构造导论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1984.240.
[6]张文佑.断块构造导论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1984.
[7]马杏垣.中国岩石圈动力学地图集[K].北京:中国地图出版社,1988.图30-57.
[8]任纪舜,姜春发,张正坤,等.中国大地构造及其演化[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.80-84.
[9]马杏垣.中国岩石圈动力学地图集[K].北京:中国地图出版社,1988.图24.
[10]马宗晋,李存悌.全球新-中生代构造图[K].北京:地震出版社,1996.
[11]郭占谦.火山活动与石油、天然气的生成[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(1):5-10.
[12]ШахновскийИМ.石油地质学中几个有争议的问题[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(2):219-224.
[13]Sim oneitB R T.加里福尼亚湾古亚玛斯盆地不成熟硅藻土沉积物中的热液石油,中国科学院贵阳地球化学研究所国家开放实验室年报[M].贵州:贵州人民出版社,1986.
[14]DH I-K UEI,M IN-DA R LEE.H ydrogenation of CarbonD ioxide by H ybrid Catalysts,D irectSynthesis ofArom atics from Carbon Dioxide and H ydrogen[J].The Canadlan JournalofChem icalEngneering,1991,69(2):347-354.
[15]吴义生,孔慧英,钟洁林,等.自然科学概要[M].济南:山东科技出版社,1983.
[16]史继扬,王道德,向明菊,等.宁强球粒陨石可溶有机质初步研究[J].地球化学,1992,(1):34-40.
[17]杜乐天.地幔流体与软流层(体)地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.423.
[18]黎彤.中国陆壳及其沉积层和上陆壳的化学元素丰度[J].地球化学,1994,23(2):141.
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