柴达木盆地东部不整合结构的地球物理响应及油气地质意义
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摘要
柴达木盆地东部经历了多期次构造运动,形成了多个不整合。这些不整合在剖面上可分为5种类型,它们在地震上具有明显的反射特征。在纵向上,不整合划分为3层结构,每层结构发育着多种岩石类型,在测井曲线组合上具有各自不同的响应。不整合纵向的分层结构构成油气运移的双重通道,同时为油气聚集提供了良好的储集空间和圈闭条件。尽管不整合的成藏条件有共同之处,但由于形成各类不整合时的应力强度、应力作用方式及地层变形程度均存在差异,导致不同类型的不整合具有各自不同的油气成藏模式。
Several unconformities were resulted from the multiple tectonic movements in the eastern Qaidam Basin.Those unconformities can be divided into five types of unconformity with different reflection characteristics in seismic sections.In the vertical,the unconformity structures can be divided into three layers.Every layer consists of several kinds of rocks with different logging responses in electro-facies.These unconformities are good pathways for oil and gas migration and can provide good accommodation for oil and gas accumulation.Although reservoir-forming conditions of the unconformity are similar,the different type of unconformity shows different oil and gas reservoir-forming pattern due to the different stress behavior and deformation level.
Several unconformities were resulted from the multiple tectonic movements in the eastern Qaidam Basin.Those unconformities can be divided into five types of unconformity with different reflection characteristics in seismic sections.In the vertical,the unconformity structures can be divided into three layers.Every layer consists of several kinds of rocks with different logging responses in electro-facies.These unconformities are good pathways for oil and gas migration and can provide good accommodation for oil and gas accumulation.Although reservoir-forming conditions of the unconformity are similar,the different type of unconformity shows different oil and gas reservoir-forming pattern due to the different stress behavior and deformation level.
引文
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[2]付广,许泽剑,韩冬玲,等.不整合面在油气藏形成中的作用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(1):1-5.Fu Guang,Xu Zejian,Han Dongling,et al.Role of surface of un-conformity in formation of oil or gas reservoirs[J].Journal ofDaqing Petroleum Institute,2001,25(1):1-5.
[3]张守安,吴亚军,佘晓宇,等.塔里木盆地不整合油气藏的成藏条件及分布规律[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(1):15-17.Zhang Shou’an,Wu Yajun,She Xiaoyu,et al.Condition andtrend for formation of unconformity reservoir in Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1999,20(1):15-17.
[4]何登发.塔里木盆地的地层不整合面与油气聚集[J].石油学报,1995,16(3):14-21.He Dengfa.Unconformities and oil and gas accumulation in Tar-im Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1995,16(3):14-21.
[5]张卫海,查明,曲江秀.油气输导体系的类型及配置关系[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(2):118-120.Zhang Weihai,Zha Ming,Qu Jiangxiu.The type and configura-tion of petroleum transportation system[J].Xinjiang PetroleumGeology,2003,24(2):118-120.
[6]刘元,罗群,庞雄奇,等.柴达木盆地马海气田地质特征及运聚成藏机理模式[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2):158-163.Liu Yuan,Luo Qun,Pang Xiongqi,et al.Geologic feature and mi-gration-accumulation mechanism of the Mahai gas field,the QaidamBasin[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2005,27(2):158-163.
[7]牟中海,何琰,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地陆西地区不整合与油气成藏的关系[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):16-20.Mou Zhonghai,He Yan,Tang Yong,et al.Relation of uncon-formity with hydrocarbon accumulation in Luxi area of JunggarBasin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(3):16-20.
[8]刘华,吴智平,张立昌,等.辽河盆地东部凹陷北部地区Es1+2/Es3不整合面与油气运聚的关系[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2003,27(6):8-11,16.Liu Hua,Wu Zhiping,Zhang Lichang,et al.Relationship of un-conformity of Es1+2/Es3in northern region of east depression inLiaohe basin with hydrocarbon migration and accumulation[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of NaturalScience,2003,27(6):8-11,16
[9]Einsele G,Ricken W,Seilacher A.Cycles and events in stratigra-phy[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1991:83-103.
[10]艾华国,兰林英,张克银,等.塔里木盆地前石炭系顶面不整合面特征及其控油作用[J].石油实验地质,1996,18(1):1-13.Ai Huaguo,Lan Linying,Zhang Keyin,et al.The characteristicsof the unconformity on the top of Precarboniferous and its con-straints on oil/gas behavior in Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geolo-gy and Experiment,1996,18(1):1-13.
[11]吴孔友,查明,柳广弟.准噶尔盆地二叠系不整合面及其油气运聚特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):53-57.Wu Kongyou,Zha Ming,Liu Guangdi.The unconformity surfa-cee in the Permain of Junggar basin and the characters of oil-gasmigration and accumulation[J].Petroleum Exploration and De-velopment,2002,29(2):53-57.
[12]汤良杰,金之钧,庞雄奇.多期叠合盆地油气运聚模式[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(4):67-70.Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Pang Xiongqi.Hydrocarbon migrationand accumulation models of superimposed basin[J].Journal ofthe University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2000,24(4):67-70.
[13]张克银,艾华国,吴亚军.碳酸盐岩顶部不整合面结构层及控油意义[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(5):16-19.Zhang Keyin,Ai Huaguo,Wu Yajun.Characteristics and oil-con-trolling significance of unconformity structure layer on top ofcarbonate rock[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1996,23(5):16-19.
[14]赵文智,何登发,池英柳,等.中国复合含油气系统的基本特征与勘探技术[J].石油学报,2001,22(1):6-13.Zhao Wenzhi,He Dengfa,Chi Yingliu,et al.Major characteristicsand exploration technology of multi-source petroleum systems inChina[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(1):6-13.
[15]汪立群,许凤银,庞雄奇,等.马海—大红沟凸起油气勘探成果与柴达木盆地北缘的勘探方向[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):21-25,32.Wang Liqun,Xu Fengyin,Pang Xiongqi,et al.Potential explora-tion targets of the northern margin of Qaidam Basin suggestedfrom the breakthrough of Mahai-Dahonggou Uplift[J].Acta Pe-trolei Sinica,2005,26(3):21-25,32.
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