近50 a东江干流惠州河段河道演变分析
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摘要
为获得近50 a来东江干流惠州河段的演变规律及来水来沙变化对演变的贡献率,收集并分析了1964—2013年河道地形及来水来沙资料。结果表明,20世纪60年代航道大整治后,东江干流惠州河段河床总体表现为小幅冲刷;20世纪70年代至21世纪初,河床基本在自然条件下淤积;2003—2009年全河段河床大幅下切,断面平均的冲刷厚度为1.9 m,冲刷总量近为7 200万m~3;2009—2013年,河道有冲有淤,总体以冲刷为主,河床总冲刷量为1 447万m~3,冲刷速度放缓,河道演变由全河段冲刷转向边滩淤积、主槽冲刷,禁采区淤积、可采区冲刷。分析同时段来水来沙条件变化,输沙量的减少对河道演变的贡献率约17%,人类活动主导了东江干流惠州河段河道演变。
In order to obtain the evolution law of Huizhou reach of Dongjiang mainstream in recent 50 years and the contribution rate of income water and sedi-ment changes to its evolution, the topographic data of the river channel and the incoming water and sediment from 1964 to 2013 are collected and analyzed. The study finds that:1)After the channel regulation in the 1960 s, the riverbed was generally slightly eroded; 2)From 1970 s to the beginning of the 21 st century, the riverbed was basically deposited under natural conditions; 3)During 2003 to 2009, the riverbed was eroded largely, the average scouring thickness was 1.9 m and the total scouring amount was nearly 72 million m~3; 4)During 2009 to 2013, the riverbed was eroded in most section and deposited also in local section, the total scouring amount was 14.47 million m~3,scouring velocity was slow down. In the past 10 years, with the continuous deepening of sand excavation management, the evolution of river in Huizhou section has changed from full reach scouring to bank silting and main channel scouring, no mining area silting and mining area scouring. The result showes that the largest contribution rate of income water and sedi-ment changes to river sedimentation in Dongjiang River of Huizhou section is about 17%,human activities is the main reason for the rapid incised.
In order to obtain the evolution law of Huizhou reach of Dongjiang mainstream in recent 50 years and the contribution rate of income water and sedi-ment changes to its evolution, the topographic data of the river channel and the incoming water and sediment from 1964 to 2013 are collected and analyzed. The study finds that:1)After the channel regulation in the 1960 s, the riverbed was generally slightly eroded; 2)From 1970 s to the beginning of the 21 st century, the riverbed was basically deposited under natural conditions; 3)During 2003 to 2009, the riverbed was eroded largely, the average scouring thickness was 1.9 m and the total scouring amount was nearly 72 million m~3; 4)During 2009 to 2013, the riverbed was eroded in most section and deposited also in local section, the total scouring amount was 14.47 million m~3,scouring velocity was slow down. In the past 10 years, with the continuous deepening of sand excavation management, the evolution of river in Huizhou section has changed from full reach scouring to bank silting and main channel scouring, no mining area silting and mining area scouring. The result showes that the largest contribution rate of income water and sedi-ment changes to river sedimentation in Dongjiang River of Huizhou section is about 17%,human activities is the main reason for the rapid incised.
引文
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[2] 乔飞,孟伟,张万顺,等.人工采砂对东江干流局部河段河床冲淤的影响研究[J].泥沙研究,2010(2):64-68.
[3] 鲁垠涛,唐常源,陈建耀,等.东江干流河水的来源、水质及水资源保护[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(2):367-372.
[4] 江涛,张晓磊,陈晓宏,等.东江中上游主要控制断面水质变化特征[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(6):876-878.
[5] 游梦琦.人类活动深刻影响下的航道维护设计水位变化及确定—以东江下游博罗站为例[J].珠江水运,2018(7):108-109.
[6] 袁菲,何用,吴门伍,等.近60年来珠江三角洲河床演变分析[J].泥沙研究,2018,43(2):40-46.