海洋油气田水下设施的防渔业损坏
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摘要
为保障海洋油气开采的安全和顺利,文章以我国南海东部海域为例,在概述渔场和渔船基本情况的基础上,分析拖网对海洋油气田水下设施可能造成的损坏,并提出相关建议。研究结果表明:对海洋油气田水下设施影响最大的捕捞作业方式是拖网;双拖网渔船产生的最大拖曳力远大于脐带缆所能承受的最大拉力,很有可能损坏脐带缆等水下设施;应对渔船作业水域的海洋油气田水下设施采取保护措施,限制可能损坏水下设施的渔船作业,加强管理和培训以及通过技术手段对相关情况进行监测和处理。
In order to protect the safety and successful of the offshore oil and gas exploitation,this paper analyzed the possible facilities damage by the trawling,based on the investigation of the fishery companies and fishing vessels in the eastern South China Sea,and suggestions were proposed.The research showed:the most dangerous fishing operation for the offshore oil and gas facilities was trawling;the maximum drag tension by the double trawlers were much larger than the maximum tension of the umbilical,and would possible damage the umbilical etc.;protection against the trawling damage should be applied,and the fishing operation which would possibly damage the facilities should be limited,the management training and monitor,and technical means should be strengthened to deal with relevant situations.
In order to protect the safety and successful of the offshore oil and gas exploitation,this paper analyzed the possible facilities damage by the trawling,based on the investigation of the fishery companies and fishing vessels in the eastern South China Sea,and suggestions were proposed.The research showed:the most dangerous fishing operation for the offshore oil and gas facilities was trawling;the maximum drag tension by the double trawlers were much larger than the maximum tension of the umbilical,and would possible damage the umbilical etc.;protection against the trawling damage should be applied,and the fishing operation which would possibly damage the facilities should be limited,the management training and monitor,and technical means should be strengthened to deal with relevant situations.
引文
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[2] 俞树荣,何鑫业,刘展,等.海洋石油管道失效可能性及失效后果权重[J].油气储运,2015,34(8):896-900.
[3] 陈国明,方华灿,潘东民.近海在役管道安全可靠性评估技术研究[J].石油工业技术监督,2004(10):5-9.
[4] 赵建平.油气海底管道的风险评价[J].油气储运,2007,26(11):5-8.
[5] 刘海燕,尹群,李良碧.漂浮碰撞作用下立管油气泄漏风险定量分析[J].中国海洋平台,2008,23(6):26-30.
[6] 韩杨,张溢卓,孙慧武.中国南海海洋捕捞渔业发展趋势分析[J].农业展望,2015(11):51-55,74.
[7] 中国船级社.海上拖航指南[M].北京:中国船级社,2011.
[8] 王爱军,杨和振.海底地形对脐带缆深水安装影响分析[J].海洋技术,2010(3):59-63.
[9] 李清泉,杨和振.深海脐带缆内套管间相互作用的研究[J].中国海洋平台,2010,25(6):28-32.
[10] 陈家庆.海洋油气开发中的水下生产系统(一)[J].石油机械,2007(5):54-58.