“5个量化指标”在杉木优良无性系选择中的应用
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摘要
为选育杉木优良无性系,量化选育的参数指标,以湖南省金洞林场的131个杉木无性系4 a、6 a、8 a、10 a、15 a、20 a和25 a测定数据为基础,对其生长性状采用采用相关性分析、方差分析,并估算不同无性系林分遗传力、遗传增益等遗传参数.同时,对木材性状进行测定并分析.结果表明:25 a优良无性系的变异增幅较大,平均树高、胸径、立木蓄积分别大于对照(实生苗林)16.02%、27.58%、84.86%,各生长因子的遗传力(重复力)h~2>0.85且木材力学特性与对照的木材材质没有差异;以生长性状和木材性状为指标,筛选出6个优良无性系,入选率为4.58%.研究表明,25 a杉木性状较优,优良无性系的入选率较高.
In order to select the excellent clones of Chinese fir and quantify the parameters of breeding,this study determined the 131 clones of Chinese fir based on the data at 4 years,6 years,8 years,10 years,15 years,20 years and 25 years in Jindong Forest Farm in Hunan Province.Correlation analysis and variance analysis were used for its growth traits,and genetic parameters such as heritability and genetic gain of different clones were estimated.At the same time,the wood properties were measured and analyzed.The results showed that at the age of 25 years,the variation of superior clones increased greatly,whose average tree height,DBH and growing stock were 16.02%,27.58%,and 84.86% larger than that of the control(seedling forests).The heritability of each growth factor(repeatability) was h~2>0.85 and the mechanical properties of the wood did not differ from the wood material of the control(seedling forests).Taking the growth traits and wood traits as indicators,six superior clones were screened with an enrollment rate of 4.58%.All the results indicated that the traits of superior clones of Cunninghamia lanceolata were better,and their selection rates were higher.
In order to select the excellent clones of Chinese fir and quantify the parameters of breeding,this study determined the 131 clones of Chinese fir based on the data at 4 years,6 years,8 years,10 years,15 years,20 years and 25 years in Jindong Forest Farm in Hunan Province.Correlation analysis and variance analysis were used for its growth traits,and genetic parameters such as heritability and genetic gain of different clones were estimated.At the same time,the wood properties were measured and analyzed.The results showed that at the age of 25 years,the variation of superior clones increased greatly,whose average tree height,DBH and growing stock were 16.02%,27.58%,and 84.86% larger than that of the control(seedling forests).The heritability of each growth factor(repeatability) was h~2>0.85 and the mechanical properties of the wood did not differ from the wood material of the control(seedling forests).Taking the growth traits and wood traits as indicators,six superior clones were screened with an enrollment rate of 4.58%.All the results indicated that the traits of superior clones of Cunninghamia lanceolata were better,and their selection rates were higher.
引文
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[10] 王润辉,胡德活,郑会全,等.杉木无性系生长和材性变异及多性状指数选择[J].林业科学,2012,48(3):45-50.Wang R H,Hu D H,Zheng H Q,et al.Clonal variation in growth and wood quality and the multi-trait index selection of Chinese fir[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2012,48(3):45-50.
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[12] 许忠坤,徐清乾.杉木速生耐瘠薄营养高效型无性系选育技术[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2007,27(6):1-9.Xu Z K,Xu Q Q.Clonal selection and culture of fast-growing low-nutritional Chinese fir[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2007,27(6):1-9.
[13] 许忠坤,徐清乾.杉木纸浆材无性系选择研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(6):711-716.Xu Z K,Xu Q Q.Study on selection of pulpwood clone of Chinese fir[J].Forest Research,2004,17(6):711-716.
[14] 胡德活,林绪平,阮梓材,等.杉木无性系早-晚龄生长性状的相关性及早期选择的研究[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(2):168-175.Hu D H,Lin X P,Ruan Z C,et al.Study on the growth character correlation of Chinese fir clone and early selection[J].Forest Research,2001,14(2):168-175.
[15] 范福金.杉木无性系测定林分析及速生无性系选择[J].福建林业科技,2012,39(3):1-3,23.Fan F J.Cunninghamia lancelolata clone test plantation analysis and fast-growing clone selection[J].Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology,2012,39(3):1-3,23.
[16] 游水林,代仕高,马光良,等.杉木无性系的遗传变异及优良无性系选择[J].四川林业科技,2001,22(2):60-64.You S L,Dai S G,Ma G L,et al.Genetic variation of Chinese fir clones and selection of fine clones[J].Journal o f Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2001,22(2):60-64.
[17] 曾志光,肖复明,沈彩周,等.江西省优质速生杉木无性系选育研究[J].林业科学研究,2006,19(5):561-566.Zeng Z G,Xiao F M,Shen C Z,et al.Clone selection of Chinese fir with fast growth and superior timber property[J].Forest Research,2006,19(5):561-566.
[18] 李明鹤,沈宝仙,李传涵,等.杉木无性系选择与木材生产相结合的研究[J].林业科学,2003,39(3):157-162.Li M H,Shen B X,Li C H,et al.Clonal selection in combination with timber production of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2003,39(3):157-162.
[19] 赵林峰,高建亮,刘得花,等.25a杉木优良无性系生长评价和遗传潜力估算[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(7):2 755-2 761.Zhao L F,Gao J L,Liu D H,et al.Growth evaluation and genetic potential estimation of superior clones of 25a Chinese fir[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2017,15(7):2 755-2 761.
[20] 何贵平,徐永勤,齐明,等.杉木2代种子园主要经济性状遗传变异及单株选择[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(1):123-126.He G P,Xu Y Q,Qi M,et al.Genetic variation and individual plant selection of main economic traits of progenies from the second-generation seed orchards of Chinese fir[J].Forest Research,2011,24(1):123-126.
[2] 中国树木志编委会.中国主要树种造林技术(上册)[M].北京:农业出版社,1976.China Tree Records Editorial Committee.Afforestation technology of major tree species in China (volume 1)[M].Beijing:Agricultural Publishing House,1976.
[3] 许忠坤.杉木无性系选择与生长潜力分析[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(5):598-603.Xu Z K.Selection and growth potential analysis of Chinese fir clones[J].Forest Research,2014,27(5):598-603.
[4] 马常耕,周天相,徐金良.杉木无性系生长的遗传控制和早期选择初探[J].林业科学,2000,36(sp1):62-69.Ma C G,Zhou T X,Xu J L.A preliminary study on genetic control of growth traits and early selection of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata hook) clones[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2000,36(sp1):62-69.
[5] 李荣丽,黄寿先,梁机,等.杉木无性系生长和木材品质性状遗传变异研究[J].南方农业学报,2014,45(9):1 626-1 631.Li R L,Huang S X,Liang J,et al.Genetic variation of growth traits and wood properties in Chinese fir clones[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2014,45(9):1 626-1 631.
[6] 赵承开.杉木优良无性系早期选择年龄和增益[J].林业科学,2002,38(4):53-60.Zhao C K.A study on optimum age and gain for early selection of superior clone in Cunninghamia lanceolata hook[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2002,38(4):53-60.
[7] 广东省杉木无性系选育协作组.广东省杉木无性系选育研究[J].广东林业科技,2003,19(3):1-5.The Groups of Clone Selection and Reproducttion for Chinese Fir.Study on clone selection and reproduction for Chinese fir in Guandong[J].Journal of Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology,2003,19(3):1-5.
[8] 赵林峰,高建亮,刘金林,等.杉木优良无性系最早选择年龄和营林增益[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(1):384-392.Zhao L F,Gao J L,Liu J L,et al.A Study on earliest selection age and gain of superior clone in Chinese fir[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2017,15(1):384-392.
[9] 何贵平,骆文坚,金其祥,等.杉木无性系主要生长、材质性状遗传差异及无性系选择[J].江西农业大学学报,2009,31(1):91-93.He G P,Luo W J,Jin Q X,et al.Genetic difference and clone selection of main traits of growth and wood quality of Chinese fir clones[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2009,31(1):91-93.
[10] 王润辉,胡德活,郑会全,等.杉木无性系生长和材性变异及多性状指数选择[J].林业科学,2012,48(3):45-50.Wang R H,Hu D H,Zheng H Q,et al.Clonal variation in growth and wood quality and the multi-trait index selection of Chinese fir[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2012,48(3):45-50.
[11] 许忠坤,徐清乾,张勰,等.杉木无性系木材尺寸稳定性研究[J].湖南林业科技,2010,37(5):20-21.Xu Z K,Xu Q Q,Zhang X,et al.Research on wood dimensional stability of Cunninghamia lanceolata clones[J].Hunan Forestry Science & Technology,2010,37(5):20-21.
[12] 许忠坤,徐清乾.杉木速生耐瘠薄营养高效型无性系选育技术[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2007,27(6):1-9.Xu Z K,Xu Q Q.Clonal selection and culture of fast-growing low-nutritional Chinese fir[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2007,27(6):1-9.
[13] 许忠坤,徐清乾.杉木纸浆材无性系选择研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(6):711-716.Xu Z K,Xu Q Q.Study on selection of pulpwood clone of Chinese fir[J].Forest Research,2004,17(6):711-716.
[14] 胡德活,林绪平,阮梓材,等.杉木无性系早-晚龄生长性状的相关性及早期选择的研究[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(2):168-175.Hu D H,Lin X P,Ruan Z C,et al.Study on the growth character correlation of Chinese fir clone and early selection[J].Forest Research,2001,14(2):168-175.
[15] 范福金.杉木无性系测定林分析及速生无性系选择[J].福建林业科技,2012,39(3):1-3,23.Fan F J.Cunninghamia lancelolata clone test plantation analysis and fast-growing clone selection[J].Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology,2012,39(3):1-3,23.
[16] 游水林,代仕高,马光良,等.杉木无性系的遗传变异及优良无性系选择[J].四川林业科技,2001,22(2):60-64.You S L,Dai S G,Ma G L,et al.Genetic variation of Chinese fir clones and selection of fine clones[J].Journal o f Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2001,22(2):60-64.
[17] 曾志光,肖复明,沈彩周,等.江西省优质速生杉木无性系选育研究[J].林业科学研究,2006,19(5):561-566.Zeng Z G,Xiao F M,Shen C Z,et al.Clone selection of Chinese fir with fast growth and superior timber property[J].Forest Research,2006,19(5):561-566.
[18] 李明鹤,沈宝仙,李传涵,等.杉木无性系选择与木材生产相结合的研究[J].林业科学,2003,39(3):157-162.Li M H,Shen B X,Li C H,et al.Clonal selection in combination with timber production of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2003,39(3):157-162.
[19] 赵林峰,高建亮,刘得花,等.25a杉木优良无性系生长评价和遗传潜力估算[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(7):2 755-2 761.Zhao L F,Gao J L,Liu D H,et al.Growth evaluation and genetic potential estimation of superior clones of 25a Chinese fir[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2017,15(7):2 755-2 761.
[20] 何贵平,徐永勤,齐明,等.杉木2代种子园主要经济性状遗传变异及单株选择[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(1):123-126.He G P,Xu Y Q,Qi M,et al.Genetic variation and individual plant selection of main economic traits of progenies from the second-generation seed orchards of Chinese fir[J].Forest Research,2011,24(1):123-126.