滁州花山水文实验流域径流与氮素耦合模拟研究
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摘要
采用SWAT模型方法对滁州花山水文实验流域进行了径流与氮素耦合模拟,探讨了流域土地利用对氮素输移的影响。构建了花山水文实验流域SWAT模型,采用2008年1月~2013年12月的降雨、径流等数据对径流模型进行率定和验证,以2012年5月~2013年12月的氮浓度监测数据对氮负荷模型进行验证。利用所建立的模型对现状土地利用情形和土地利用变化情景假设下进行了径流与氮素耦合模拟,计算了现状和不同土地利用情景假设下流域的径流深和氮负荷。结果表明:汛期的氮流失量占全年氮流失的比重较大,每年的汛期是控制氮流失的关键时期;旱地的氮流失潜力较水田大,林地的增加对氮负荷具有一定的消减作用;控制氮肥的使用,加强水土保持能力,可以有效减少流域氮负荷。
In this paper, SWAT model was used to simulate runoff and nitrogen coupling in Huashan hydrological experimental watershed, and ef-fects of the different land use changes on nitrogen transportation was studied. SWAT model was used in the watershed, the hydro- meteorological data from January, 2008 to December, 2013 and the concentration monitoring data of Ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen from May, 2012 to December, 2013 in the watershed were used to calibrate the model. The model was used to simulate runoff and nitrogen coupling under the present situation and the assumption of scenarios of land use change, the runoff and nitrogen load of the watershed were calculated. The results show that nitrogen loss in the rainy season accounted for a larger proportion of nitrogen loss in a year, the annual rainy season is the key period of controlling nitrogen loss. The potential of nitrogen loss in dry farmland is larger than that in paddy field. The nitrogen load is reduced by the increasing wood-land. Control of nitrogen fertilizer use and strengthen of the ability of soil and water conservation can effectively reduce the nitrogen load in the wa-tershed.
In this paper, SWAT model was used to simulate runoff and nitrogen coupling in Huashan hydrological experimental watershed, and ef-fects of the different land use changes on nitrogen transportation was studied. SWAT model was used in the watershed, the hydro- meteorological data from January, 2008 to December, 2013 and the concentration monitoring data of Ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen from May, 2012 to December, 2013 in the watershed were used to calibrate the model. The model was used to simulate runoff and nitrogen coupling under the present situation and the assumption of scenarios of land use change, the runoff and nitrogen load of the watershed were calculated. The results show that nitrogen loss in the rainy season accounted for a larger proportion of nitrogen loss in a year, the annual rainy season is the key period of controlling nitrogen loss. The potential of nitrogen loss in dry farmland is larger than that in paddy field. The nitrogen load is reduced by the increasing wood-land. Control of nitrogen fertilizer use and strengthen of the ability of soil and water conservation can effectively reduce the nitrogen load in the wa-tershed.
引文
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[8]陈媛,郭秀锐,程水源,等.基于SWAT模型的三峡库区大流域不同土地利用情景对非点源污染的影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(4):798-806.(CHEN Yuan,GUO Xiurui,CHENG Shuiyuan,et al.Research on management of non-point source pollution with land use in Three Goeges reservoir,macro-scale watershed based on SWAT[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012,31(4):798-806.(in Chinese))
[9]S.L.Neitsch,J.G.Arnold,J.R.Kiniry,et al.SWAT Version 2000Theoretical Documentation[EB/OL].http://www.brc.tamus.Edu/swat/.
[10]中国资源卫星应用中心.资源三号卫星介绍[EB/OL].http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/n175290/175676.html.(China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application(CRESDA).Introduction of ZY-3[EB/OL].http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/n175290/175676.html.(in Chinese))
[11]李德仁.我国第一个民用三线阵立体测图卫星-资源三号测绘卫星[J].测绘学报,2012,41(3):317-322.(LI Deren.China’s first civilian three-line-array stereo mapping satellite:ZY-3[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(3):317-322.(in Chinese))
[12]中国科学院南京土壤研究所.中国土壤数据库[EB/OL].http://www.soil.csdb.cn.(Institute of Soil Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences.China Soil Scientific Database[EB/OL].http://www.soil.csdb.cn.(in Chinese))
[13]Chaplotv.Impact of DEM mesh size and soil map scale on SWAT runoff,sediment and NO3-N loads prediction[J].Journal of Hydrology,2005,312(10):207-222.
[2]付从生,陈建耀,曾松青,等.国内外实验小流域水科学研究综述[J].地理科学进展,2011,30(3):259-267.(FU Congsheng,CHEN Jianyao,ZENG Songqing.et al.An overview on the water science researches at the experimental watersheds in China and abroad[J].Progress in Geography,2011,30(3):259-267.(in Chinese))
[3]顾慰祖,尚熳廷,翟劭燚,等.天然实验流域降雨径流现象发生的悖论[J].水科学进展,2010,21(4):471-477.(GU Weizu,SHANG Manting,ZHAI shaoyi,et al.Rainfall-runoff paradox from a natural experimental catchment[J].Advances in Water Science,2010,21(4):471-477.(in Chinese))
[4]Xiaoyuan Yan,Zucong Cai,Rong Yang,et al.Nitrogen budget and riverine nitrogen output in a rice paddy dominated agricultural watershed in eastern China[J].Biogeochemistry,2011,106(3):489-501.
[5]张燕,张志强,谢宝元,等.饮用水源区小流域氮素污染负荷估算方法比较[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(1):84-91.(ZHANG Yan,ZHANG Zhiqiang,XIE Baoyuan,et al.Estimating methods for non-point source pollution of small watershed in drinking water source area[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,7(1):84-91.(in Chinese))
[6]罗璇,史志华,尹炜,等.小流域土地利用结构对氮素输出的影响[J].环境科学,2010,31(1):58-62.(LUO Xuan,SHI Zhihua,YIN Wei,et al.Effects of land use structure on nitrogen output in small watershed[J].Environmental Science,2010,31(1):58-62.(in Chinese))
[7]赵中华,邱祖民.桃江流域农业区氮平衡及时空差异性[J].水电能源科学,2012,5:83-86.(ZHAO Zhonghua,QIU Zumin.Nitrogen balance of agricultural area and temporal variation of Taojiang river basin[J].Water Resources and Power,2012,5:83-86.(in Chinese))
[8]陈媛,郭秀锐,程水源,等.基于SWAT模型的三峡库区大流域不同土地利用情景对非点源污染的影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(4):798-806.(CHEN Yuan,GUO Xiurui,CHENG Shuiyuan,et al.Research on management of non-point source pollution with land use in Three Goeges reservoir,macro-scale watershed based on SWAT[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012,31(4):798-806.(in Chinese))
[9]S.L.Neitsch,J.G.Arnold,J.R.Kiniry,et al.SWAT Version 2000Theoretical Documentation[EB/OL].http://www.brc.tamus.Edu/swat/.
[10]中国资源卫星应用中心.资源三号卫星介绍[EB/OL].http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/n175290/175676.html.(China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application(CRESDA).Introduction of ZY-3[EB/OL].http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/n175290/175676.html.(in Chinese))
[11]李德仁.我国第一个民用三线阵立体测图卫星-资源三号测绘卫星[J].测绘学报,2012,41(3):317-322.(LI Deren.China’s first civilian three-line-array stereo mapping satellite:ZY-3[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(3):317-322.(in Chinese))
[12]中国科学院南京土壤研究所.中国土壤数据库[EB/OL].http://www.soil.csdb.cn.(Institute of Soil Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences.China Soil Scientific Database[EB/OL].http://www.soil.csdb.cn.(in Chinese))
[13]Chaplotv.Impact of DEM mesh size and soil map scale on SWAT runoff,sediment and NO3-N loads prediction[J].Journal of Hydrology,2005,312(10):207-222.
目录
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