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安徽大别山2008年雨雪冰冻灾害地面降水粒子谱分析
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摘要
本文对2008年雨雪冰冻灾害期间在安徽潜山测得的降水粒子谱数据进行了分析,计算了各个时刻的雨强、雨滴谱以及4次过程的平均雨滴谱,并对平均雨滴谱进行了M-P分布和Gamma分布拟合。结果表明:4次降水过程降水强度并不均匀,最大雨强出现在第二次过程中,第4次过程的雨强总体上要比前3次要小;雨强较小时,滴谱粒子浓度较小,且谱线更为倾斜,雨强较大时,谱线明显向大滴端伸展。雨强的增大主要是由于出现较大粒子,平均直径增大而引起的;出现降雪时雨滴谱谱线会发生明显变化,谱线的中后段出现很大转折,变得更趋近于水平;用Gamma分布来拟合这4次过程的平均雨滴谱效果较好,能体现出平均雨滴谱中部弯曲的情况。
        This paper analyses precipitation particle spectrum measured at Anhui during snow and freeze disaster in 2008,and calculates each hour of rainfall intensity,raindrops spectrum and average raindrops spectrum in four precipitation processes.Then,the average raindrop spectrums are carried out M-P and Gamma distribution fitting.The results show that precipitation intensity of these four precipitation processes is not uniform,the maximum one appeared in the second process,and the precipitation intensity of the fourth process in general is smaller than that of former three processes;the less the precipitation intensity,the smaller the particle concentration is and the more the spectral line is title.As precipitation intensity is large,spectral line obviously stretches to the large drops that mainly caused by large particle with increased average diameter;when snowing,posterior segment of spectral line will become closer to the level;it has the better effect to use Gamma distribution to fitting average raindrop spectrum in four precipitation processes,which can reflect the central bending of average raindrop spectrum.
引文
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