复杂山地地震采集技术在库车坳陷的应用
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摘要
塔里木盆地库车坳陷的地震资料受到复杂地表结构和地腹地质条件的影响,普遍存在着信噪比低、剖面品质不高的问题,制约了油气勘探开发的进程。为此,在库车坳陷DK二维地震攻关测线施工中,以宽线观测系统、大基距组合接收(巨厚黄土堆积带采用9串检波器面积组合接收,老岩层出露的复杂山体区采用3串检波器"三"字形组合接收)为核心采集技术,开展详细表层调查,利用地震工程遥感技术选择合理的激发点和接收点,同时增加目的层的覆盖次数,强化激发和接收条件,从而提高了单炮记录的信噪比,改善了地震剖面的品质,为库车坳陷构造形态的重新认识提供了良好的地震资料。攻关试验的成功表明,该套技术方法在其他类似地区也具有很好的推广应用价值。
Influenced by the complex surface structures and subsurface geologic conditions,the seismic data acquired in the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,is commonly featured by low signal-to-noise ratio and low quality of seismic profiles,which constrains petroleum exploration and development in the study area.During the DK 2D seismic acquisition in the Kuqa Depression,the wide line survey system and long geophone array receiving(9 strings of detectors used for huge thick loess accumulation zones,while 3 strings of detectors in three parallel lines used for complicated mountainous zones with ancient rocks at surface) were adopted as the core acquisition techniques,the detailed surface survey was performed,and seismic engineering remote sensing technique was used to select rational shot points and receiving points.In addition,the effective folds on geologic targets were enlarged,and the shooting and receiving conditions were enhanced.These measures helped increase the signal-to-noise ratio of single shot records and improve the quality of seismic sections.High-quality seismic data could thus be provided for identifying the structures in the Kuqa Depression.Successful pilot tests show that this technical approach can be popularized and applied in other areas with similar conditions.
Influenced by the complex surface structures and subsurface geologic conditions,the seismic data acquired in the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,is commonly featured by low signal-to-noise ratio and low quality of seismic profiles,which constrains petroleum exploration and development in the study area.During the DK 2D seismic acquisition in the Kuqa Depression,the wide line survey system and long geophone array receiving(9 strings of detectors used for huge thick loess accumulation zones,while 3 strings of detectors in three parallel lines used for complicated mountainous zones with ancient rocks at surface) were adopted as the core acquisition techniques,the detailed surface survey was performed,and seismic engineering remote sensing technique was used to select rational shot points and receiving points.In addition,the effective folds on geologic targets were enlarged,and the shooting and receiving conditions were enhanced.These measures helped increase the signal-to-noise ratio of single shot records and improve the quality of seismic sections.High-quality seismic data could thus be provided for identifying the structures in the Kuqa Depression.Successful pilot tests show that this technical approach can be popularized and applied in other areas with similar conditions.
引文
[1]吴超,彭更新,雷刚林,等.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):290-295.
[2]王勤耕,徐金强,周翼,等.喀什凹陷北缘复杂山地的地震采集方法研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(10):44-64.
[3]张晓斌,罗卫东,唐涛,等.西部地区复杂山地地震采集技术[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊1):76-78.
[2]王勤耕,徐金强,周翼,等.喀什凹陷北缘复杂山地的地震采集方法研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(10):44-64.
[3]张晓斌,罗卫东,唐涛,等.西部地区复杂山地地震采集技术[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊1):76-78.
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