基于面特征的光学与SAR影像自动匹配方法
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摘要
针对现有光学影像与合成孔径雷达(SAR)影像之间匹配存在精度差、效率低等问题,提出了一种基于面特征的影像自动匹配方法.用中值代替均值的方法改进了Lee滤波器,用于对SAR影像相干斑噪声进行抑制.通过Canny算子提取出边缘,并用形态学膨胀对不连续边缘进行连接,在此基础上用区域生长法提取光学和SAR影像中的封闭区域作为面特征.设计了一种综合考虑面积、周长、中心点位置等属性的代价函数对面特征进行交叉匹配,筛选出匹配上的大目标,并将其中心作为匹配控制点.通过Envisat ASAR影像与Landsat ETM+影像进行的匹配试验表明,该方法不需要人工干预,可以实现自动匹配,且匹配精度小于1个像素.
Aiming at resolving the problem of lower-precision and labor-consuming in matching for synthetic aperture radar(SAR) and optical remote sensing images,a matching method based on region features was proposed.Speckle noises in SAR images were suppressed by a modified Lee filter which takes the advantage of median filter into account.Morphological dilations were used to link image edges extracted by Canny operator.Image segmentation based on region growing was used to extract closed regions in SAR and optical image as invariable features.Precise feature matching was guided by a cost function,which considering region areas,perimeters,positions of center points,etc.After cross matching,the center points of the matched region were used as matching control points.The experimentation of registering Envisat ASAR and Landsat TM images shows the whole workflow could be accomplished automatically with a precision of lower than 1 pixel.
Aiming at resolving the problem of lower-precision and labor-consuming in matching for synthetic aperture radar(SAR) and optical remote sensing images,a matching method based on region features was proposed.Speckle noises in SAR images were suppressed by a modified Lee filter which takes the advantage of median filter into account.Morphological dilations were used to link image edges extracted by Canny operator.Image segmentation based on region growing was used to extract closed regions in SAR and optical image as invariable features.Precise feature matching was guided by a cost function,which considering region areas,perimeters,positions of center points,etc.After cross matching,the center points of the matched region were used as matching control points.The experimentation of registering Envisat ASAR and Landsat TM images shows the whole workflow could be accomplished automatically with a precision of lower than 1 pixel.
引文
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[19]林卉,舒宁,杜培军.数学形态学在遥感影像边缘检测中的应用[J].测绘通报,2003(12):25-28.LIN Hui,SHU Ning,DU Pei-jun.Application ofmathematical morphology in edge detection of re-mote sensing images[J].Bulletin of Surveying andMapping,2003(12):25-28.
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[21]张登荣,刘辅兵,俞乐,等.基于Harris算子的遥感影像自适应特征提取方法[J].国土资源遥感,2006(2):35-38.ZHANG Deng-rong,LIU Fu-bing,YU Le,et al.An auto-adapted features extraction method basedon Harris operator[J].Remote Sensing for Landand Resources,2006(2):35-38.
[2]谭衢霖,邵芸.成像雷达(SAR)遥感地质应用综述[J].地质找矿论丛,2003,18(1):59-65.TAN Qu-lin,SHAO Yun.Geological application ofradar remote sensing technology and its development[J].Contributions to Geology and Mineral ResourcesResearch,2003,18(1):59-65.
[3]陈立泽,申旭辉,田勤俭.合成孔径雷达(SAR)及其在地质和地震研究中的应用[J].地震,2003,23(1):29-35.CHEN Li-ze,SHEN Xu-hui,TIAN Qin-jian.SARtechnique and its application to geologic and seismicresearch[J].Earthquake,2003,23(1):29-35.
[4]芮本善,潘蔚.准噶尔东部SAR与TM复合图像处理及其地质应用[J].铀矿地质,1998,14(4):200-206.RUI Ben-shan,PAN We.Processing and geologicalapplication of SAR and TM composite images of east-ern junggar[J].Uranium Geology,1998,14(4):200-206.
[5]李天华,廖崇高,杨武年,等.TM与SAR图像融合处理及载高原区调中的应用[J].地质找矿论丛,2003,18(4):265-268.LI Tian-hua,LIAO Chong-gao,YANG Wu-nian,etal.Fusion of TM and SAR images and the applicationto geological survey[J].Contributions to Geologyand Mineral Resources Research,2003,18(4):265-268.
[6]王品清,刘刚,李邦良.陆地卫星TM及JERS-1卫星SAR数据用于青藏东部斑岩铜矿勘查[J].国土资源遥感,1997(2):52-60.WANG Pin-qing,LIU Gang,LI Bang-liang.Explo-ration for prophyry copper deposits with landsat TMand JERS-1 SAR data in the eastern tibet chian[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,1997(2):52-60.
[7]LI Hui,MANJUNATH B S,MITRA S K.Optical-to-SAR registration using the active contour model[C]//27th Asilomar Conference on Signals,Systemsand Computers.Los Alamos:IEEE Computer Socie-ty Press,1993:568-572.
[8]CRACKNELL A,PAITHOONWATTANAKIJ K.Fast automatic registration for satellite imagery byheuristic planning[J].IEE Proceedings,1989,136(5):221-225.
[9]倪国强,刘琼.多源影像配准技术分析与展望[J].光电工程,2004,9(31):1-6.NI Guo-qian,LIU Qiong.Analysis and prospect ofmulti-source image registration techniques[J].Opti-cal Engineering,2004,9(31):1-6.
[10]于秀兰,刘绍龙,钱国蕙,等.一种多光谱和SAR遥感影像的配准方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2000,5(2):100-105.YU Xiu-lan,LIU Shao-long,QIAN Guo-hui,eta1.A new method for multi-spectral and SAR re-mote sensing image registration[J].Journal of Im-age and Graphics,2000,5(2):100-105.
[11]LEE J S.Speckle suppression and analysis for syn-thetic aperture radar images[J].Optical Engineer-ing,1986(25):636-643.
[12]FROSR V S,STILES J A,SHANMUGAN K S,etal.A model for radar images and its application toadaptive digital filtering of multiplicative noise[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and MachineIntelligence,1982(4):157-166.
[13]KUAN D T,SAWCHUK A A,STRAND T C,etal.Adaptive noise smoothing filter for images withsignal-dependent noise[J].IEEE Transactions onPattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1985(7):165-177.
[14]DARE P M.New techniques for the automatic reg-istration of microwave and optical remotely sensedimages[D].London:University of London,1999.
[15]HAN Chun-ming,GUO Hua-dong,WANG Chang-lin.Edge preservation evaluation of digital specklefilters[C]//IEEE International Geoscience and Re-mote Sensing Symposium.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2002:2471-2473.
[16]CRIMMINS T R.Geometric filter for reducingspeckle[J].Optical Engineering,1986,25(5):651-654.
[17]CANNY J.A computational approach to edge de-tection[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysisand Machine Intelligence,1986,8(6):679-698.
[18]王植,贺赛先.一种基于Canny理论的自适应边缘检测方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2004,9(8):957-962.WANG Zhi,HE Sai-xian.An adaptive edge-detec-tion method based on Canny algorithm[J].Journalof Image and Graphics,2004,9(8):957-962.
[19]林卉,舒宁,杜培军.数学形态学在遥感影像边缘检测中的应用[J].测绘通报,2003(12):25-28.LIN Hui,SHU Ning,DU Pei-jun.Application ofmathematical morphology in edge detection of re-mote sensing images[J].Bulletin of Surveying andMapping,2003(12):25-28.
[20]MORGADO A,DOWMAN I.Procedure for auto-matic absolute orientation using arial photographsand a map[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetryand Remote Sensing,1997(52):169-182.
[21]张登荣,刘辅兵,俞乐,等.基于Harris算子的遥感影像自适应特征提取方法[J].国土资源遥感,2006(2):35-38.ZHANG Deng-rong,LIU Fu-bing,YU Le,et al.An auto-adapted features extraction method basedon Harris operator[J].Remote Sensing for Landand Resources,2006(2):35-38.
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