巨厚黄土区煤田二维地震采集方法研究
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摘要
针对巨厚黄土区地震波信噪比低且煤层埋藏浅、传统煤田二维地震单线采集思路和方法难以获得煤层反射波或剖面成像质量差、无法进行煤层解释并指导地质井位布设等问题,以山西万荣—临猗煤炭预查区二维地震多线采集为例,运用低频检波器接收的多道瞬态瑞雷波法完成了浅表层结构调查,优选了激发层位;综合采用二维多线观测、组合激发、非对称长排列组合接收等多套技术优化措施,进行了采集实践,最终获得了较高品质的地震资料。经多个钻孔验证,效果良好。
In the loess areas with huge thickness,it is very difficult to obtain coal seam reflection wave or the profile imaging quality is very poor by using traditional single-line 2D-seismic acquisition method because of the lower S/N ratio and more shallow burial depth of target coal seams,so seismic data interpretation work can not be completed and to guide the geological drilling.And based on the case of 2D seismic exploration in Wanrong-Lingyi pre-prospecting area of Shanxi Province,this paper investigates the loess surface structure through multi-channel transient Rayleigh wave method with lower frequency receivers,optimizes shooting location and lithology,adopts comprehensive techniques with 2D multireceiver-lines,multiple and deep well combination shooting,nonsymmetrical longer layout,and conducts the field acquisition work,and obtains high quality seismic data.The interpretation results are verified well by several drillings.
In the loess areas with huge thickness,it is very difficult to obtain coal seam reflection wave or the profile imaging quality is very poor by using traditional single-line 2D-seismic acquisition method because of the lower S/N ratio and more shallow burial depth of target coal seams,so seismic data interpretation work can not be completed and to guide the geological drilling.And based on the case of 2D seismic exploration in Wanrong-Lingyi pre-prospecting area of Shanxi Province,this paper investigates the loess surface structure through multi-channel transient Rayleigh wave method with lower frequency receivers,optimizes shooting location and lithology,adopts comprehensive techniques with 2D multireceiver-lines,multiple and deep well combination shooting,nonsymmetrical longer layout,and conducts the field acquisition work,and obtains high quality seismic data.The interpretation results are verified well by several drillings.
引文
[1]阎世信,吕其鹏.黄土塬地震勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[2]尚新民,石林光,胡贤根,等.复杂地表区低信噪比地震资料处理技术[J].石油物探,2001,40(2):108-115.
[3]姚宗惠,杜中东.鄂尔多斯西缘前陆盆地巨厚黄土地区地震采集技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):406-412.
[4]黄桂雄,张宝君.富县黄土塬区二维地震直测线施工方法及效果[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,23(4):15-25.
[5]程洪涛,黄用勤,胡仁东.黄土塬地区地震勘探激发技术研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(6):460-465.
[6]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[2]尚新民,石林光,胡贤根,等.复杂地表区低信噪比地震资料处理技术[J].石油物探,2001,40(2):108-115.
[3]姚宗惠,杜中东.鄂尔多斯西缘前陆盆地巨厚黄土地区地震采集技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):406-412.
[4]黄桂雄,张宝君.富县黄土塬区二维地震直测线施工方法及效果[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,23(4):15-25.
[5]程洪涛,黄用勤,胡仁东.黄土塬地区地震勘探激发技术研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(6):460-465.
[6]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
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