泥质细砂岩材料破坏与强度衰减研究
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摘要
为了认识真实的岩石材料破坏和强度衰减规律,通过多组常规的单轴压缩试验和不同围压下的三轴压缩试验对泥质细砂岩的材料破坏过程和抗压强度进行了实测.把前面试验破裂形成的不规则岩块浇注在混凝土制成的"剪切壳"中,运用XJ-1型携带式剪切仪进行了自行设计的压剪试验,获得了岩块在压剪过程中的剪切力-压应力关系曲线,以此来测得破裂岩块的自身材料强度.通过对比先前压缩试验得到的极限莫尔包络线,研究了破坏前完整岩样与破坏后损伤岩块间的强度变化.讨论了不同试验方法,损伤程度,尺寸效应,材料异性对岩石强度衰减的影响.结果表明,岩石在破坏过程中环向应变与体积应变在峰后近乎以直线形式增长,岩块抗剪强度表现出尺寸效应,岩样伴随着破裂演变材料强度发生衰减.
The compressive strength and failure evolution of argillaceous packsand samples were measured via uniaxial and triaxial compression tests under varying confining pressures.An XJ-1 portable shear apparatus was used to obtain shear-compressive stress curves of rock blocks.These are a measure of the material strength of the rock.The degradation in strength of the rock after failure was studied by comparison to the Mohr circle obtained from compression experiments.The influences of different experimental methods,of damage extent,of the effect of size and of material anisotropy on the degradation in rock strength are discussed.The results show that hoop and volumetric strains increase linearly after the peak-load point in the failure process and that the material strength of the rock drops as the failure process develops.It is also shown that the rock shear strength displays a size effect.
The compressive strength and failure evolution of argillaceous packsand samples were measured via uniaxial and triaxial compression tests under varying confining pressures.An XJ-1 portable shear apparatus was used to obtain shear-compressive stress curves of rock blocks.These are a measure of the material strength of the rock.The degradation in strength of the rock after failure was studied by comparison to the Mohr circle obtained from compression experiments.The influences of different experimental methods,of damage extent,of the effect of size and of material anisotropy on the degradation in rock strength are discussed.The results show that hoop and volumetric strains increase linearly after the peak-load point in the failure process and that the material strength of the rock drops as the failure process develops.It is also shown that the rock shear strength displays a size effect.
引文
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[2]沈珠江.从学步到自立的岩土力学[J].岩土工程界,2003,6(12):15-17.SHEN Zhu-jiang.The geomaterials mechanics fromchildhood to adult[J].Geotechnical EngineeringWorld,2003,6(12):15-17.
[3]聂百胜,何学秋,王恩元,等.煤体剪切破坏过程电磁辐射与声发射研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(6):609-611.NIE Bai-sheng,HE Xue-qiu,WANG En-yuan,etal.Study on electromagnetic radiation and acoustic e-mission in shearing process of coal[J].Journal ofChina University of Mining&Technology,2002,31(6):609-611.
[4]陈玉玲,葛森,吴淼.应力集中引起的金属磁记忆现象的研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(5):592-595.CHEN Yu-ling,GE Sen,WU Miao.Study of metalmagnetic memory induced by stress concentration[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technolo-gy,2004,33(5):592-595.
[5]CHEN S,YUE Z Q,THAM L G.Digital image-base numerical modeling method for prediction of in-homogeneous rock failure[J].International Journalof Rock Mechanics and Mining Science,2004,41:939-957.
[6]TANG C A,LIU H,LEE P K K,et al.Numericalstudies of the influence of microstructure on rock fail-ure in uniaxial compression-partⅡ:constraint,slen-derness and size effect[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Science,2000,37(4):571-583.
[7]VLIET M R A,MIER J G M.Effects of strain gra-dients on the size effect of concrete in uniaxial tension[J].International Journal of Fracture,1999,95:195-219.
[8]周纪军.岩石破坏的演变过程及强度衰减研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学建筑工程学院,2006.
[9]唐春安.岩石破裂过程中的灾变[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993:108-150.
[10]张后全,唐春安,贺永年,等.岩石微破裂进程的自组织临界特征探讨[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(1):1-5.ZHANG Hou-quan,TANG Chun-an,HE Yong-nian,et al.Discussion on self-organized criticalityin rock failure process[J].Northwestern Seismo-logical Journal,2006,28(1):1-5.
[11]周应华,周德培,杨涛,等.节理岩体抗剪强度参数的实验分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2005,40(1):73-76.ZHOU Ying-hua,ZHOU De-pei,YANG Tao,etal.Experimental investigation on shear strength pa-rameters of jointed rock mass[J].Journal of South-west Jiaotong University,2005,40(1):73-76.
[12]张少华,缪协兴.岩石强度的三轴与剪切试验误差分析[J].湘潭矿业学院学报,1997,12(4):1-5.ZHANG Shao-hua,MIAO Xie-xing.Error analysisof rock strength from triaxial and shear tests[J].Journal of Xiangtan Mining Institute,1997,12(4):1-5.
[13]杨圣奇,徐卫亚.不同围压下岩石材料强度尺寸效应的数值模拟[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(5):578-582.YANG Sheng-qi,XU Wei-ya.Numerical simulationof strength-size effect of rock materials under differ-ent confining pressure[J].Journal of Hohai Univer-sity:Natural Science,2004,32(5):578-582.
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