基于裂缝测试仪的图像测量技术
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摘要
利用先进的基于CCD的裂缝测试仪采集到试件的表面裂缝。为了计算裂缝宽度,必须准确识别出裂缝边缘。针对裂缝特征,提出了直方图法、结合法、梯度法和改进Roberts法等4种图像测量分析方法,并分别从原理上进行了解释,同时设计了实验标定图进行图像处理和测量,给出了四种分析方法的处理效果图、裂缝宽度及其误差分析。分析结果表明,类判别和数学形态学的结合法在测量裂缝方面效果较好,并将其应用于实际测量中,实践证明了该方法的有效性。
The crack image of sample is captured by the CCD of the advanced crack test instrument.In order to calculate the crack width,the edges of crack must be recognized accurately.Four image-measurement methods,which are the histogram method,the combination method,the grads method and the betterment Roberts's method,are proposed based on the surface crack feature and interpreted by utilizing the principles of image recognition.At the same time,the calibration images designed are experimented by four image methods.The crack width and error analysis are presented by comparing their testing results.The combination method of category distinguishing and mathematics morphology is applied in the practice measurements.The result shows that it has good effect on processing images of crack.
The crack image of sample is captured by the CCD of the advanced crack test instrument.In order to calculate the crack width,the edges of crack must be recognized accurately.Four image-measurement methods,which are the histogram method,the combination method,the grads method and the betterment Roberts's method,are proposed based on the surface crack feature and interpreted by utilizing the principles of image recognition.At the same time,the calibration images designed are experimented by four image methods.The crack width and error analysis are presented by comparing their testing results.The combination method of category distinguishing and mathematics morphology is applied in the practice measurements.The result shows that it has good effect on processing images of crack.
引文
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[5]王大志,黄劫,徐树英.采用灰度直方图的孔型识别和二值化阈值自动匹配[J].测控技术,2005,24(2):48-49.
[6]耿飞,钱春香.图像分析技术在混凝土收缩裂缝定量测试与评价中的应用研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科版),2003,33(6):773-776.
[7]Kima K S,Kangb K S,Kangc Y J,et al.Analysis of an internal crack of pressure pipeline using ESPI and hearography[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2003,35(8):639-643.
[8]陈果,左洪福.图像阈值分割的两种新技术[J].模式识别与人工智能,2002,15(4):468-473.
[2]施树明,初秀民,王荣本.沥青路面破损图像测量方法研究[J].公路交通科技,2004,24(7):12-16.
[3]陆玲,陈国明,戴扬.水下结构物裂缝特征定量分析与测量[J].计算机测量与控制,2004,12(1):10-12.
[4]甘玲,李涛,赵辉,等.CP神经网络在图像边缘检测中的应用[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2003,35(3):93-96.
[5]王大志,黄劫,徐树英.采用灰度直方图的孔型识别和二值化阈值自动匹配[J].测控技术,2005,24(2):48-49.
[6]耿飞,钱春香.图像分析技术在混凝土收缩裂缝定量测试与评价中的应用研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科版),2003,33(6):773-776.
[7]Kima K S,Kangb K S,Kangc Y J,et al.Analysis of an internal crack of pressure pipeline using ESPI and hearography[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2003,35(8):639-643.
[8]陈果,左洪福.图像阈值分割的两种新技术[J].模式识别与人工智能,2002,15(4):468-473.
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