遗传算法在土坡整体稳定性分析中的应用
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摘要
边坡稳定性分析的关键是如何确定最危险滑动面的位置并计算与之相对应的安全系数。由于传统的极限平衡分析方法很容易陷入局部极小值而不能找到真正的最危险滑裂面,因此采用瑞典条分确立土坡分析模型,用遗传算法搜索土坡最危险滑动面,进而求得土坡最小安全系数。该方法模拟了生物遗传进化的过程,克服了传统方法的局限性。通过和面积细分法所搜索的最危险滑动面和计算得到的土质边坡安全系数作对比,可得遗传算法在土质边坡稳定分析中具有较高的精度与可靠性。遗传算法可以很好地解决如何寻找土质边坡整体极值的问题。工程应用实例表明,遗传算法分析土质边坡的稳定性效果良好,具有很好的应用前景。
It is a key problem that how to determine the most dangerous sliding circular surface and calculate the minimum safety factor in the stability analysis of soil slope.The traditional limiting equilibrium analysis method will be easily immersed in local minimum,so the real most dangerous sliding circle can not be searched out.For the reason,a new approach which is genetic algorithms integrating the traditional method of slices with vertical interface is put forward to analyze the entire stability of soil slope.The stability analysis model of soil slope which can be called object function is established by the methods of slices with vertical interface;and then the most dangerous sliding circular surface will be searched out by the genetic algorithm.So the minimum safety factor of soil slope will be figured out.The analysis process will be performed by the computer program designed by the Microsoft Visual C++ program language.After the search scope of the most dangerous sliding circular arc is determined and input into the program,all the calculation and analysis work will be done by the program algorithm automatically.Genetic algorithm simulates genetic evolutionary process of organisms and avoids the limit of traditional methods successfully.Compared with the minimum safety factor figured out by the area subdivision method and the most dangerous sliding circular arc searched out by the same means,the conclusion can be made that the stability analysis result of soil slope analyzed by the genetic algorithm is much more reliable.Genetic algorithm can successfully solve the problem that how to search the entire extremum of soil slope.The engineering application case indicates that the genetic algorithm is effective to analyze the stability of soil slope,which has extensive prospect and will be widely used in the slope engineering.
It is a key problem that how to determine the most dangerous sliding circular surface and calculate the minimum safety factor in the stability analysis of soil slope.The traditional limiting equilibrium analysis method will be easily immersed in local minimum,so the real most dangerous sliding circle can not be searched out.For the reason,a new approach which is genetic algorithms integrating the traditional method of slices with vertical interface is put forward to analyze the entire stability of soil slope.The stability analysis model of soil slope which can be called object function is established by the methods of slices with vertical interface;and then the most dangerous sliding circular surface will be searched out by the genetic algorithm.So the minimum safety factor of soil slope will be figured out.The analysis process will be performed by the computer program designed by the Microsoft Visual C++ program language.After the search scope of the most dangerous sliding circular arc is determined and input into the program,all the calculation and analysis work will be done by the program algorithm automatically.Genetic algorithm simulates genetic evolutionary process of organisms and avoids the limit of traditional methods successfully.Compared with the minimum safety factor figured out by the area subdivision method and the most dangerous sliding circular arc searched out by the same means,the conclusion can be made that the stability analysis result of soil slope analyzed by the genetic algorithm is much more reliable.Genetic algorithm can successfully solve the problem that how to search the entire extremum of soil slope.The engineering application case indicates that the genetic algorithm is effective to analyze the stability of soil slope,which has extensive prospect and will be widely used in the slope engineering.
引文
[1]刘杰,张学深,褚世洪.简单边坡的稳定性分析[J].岩土力学,2003,23(6):714-716.LIU Jie,ZHANG Xue-sheng,CHU Shi-hong.Stabilityanalysis of simple slopes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,23(6):714-716.
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[3]丰土根,刘汉龙,高玉峰,等.遗传算法在边坡抗震稳定性分析中的应用[J].岩土力学,2002,23(1):63-66.FENG Tu-gen,Liu Han-long,GAO Yu-feng,et al.Application of genetic algorithm to analysis of slopeseismic stability[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(1):63-66.
[4]吕文杰,李晓军,朱合华.基于遗传算法的边坡稳定分析通用算法[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(5):595-599.LüWen-jie,LI Xiao-jun,ZHU He-hua.GA-basedgeneralized slope stability analysis method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(5):595-599.
[5]弥宏亮,陈祖煜.遗传算法在确定边坡稳定最小安全系数中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):671-675.MI Hong-liang,CHEN Zu-yu.Genetical algorithm usedin determining the global minimum safety factor ofslope[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(6):671-675.
[6]何则干,陈胜宏.遗传模拟退火算法在边坡稳定分析中的应用[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):316-319.HE Ze-gan,CHEN Sheng-hong.Application of mixedgenetic-simulated annealing algorithms to slope stabilityanalysis[J].Rock and soil Mechanics 2004,25(2):316-319.
[7]张旭辉,徐日庆,龚晓南.圆弧条分法边坡稳定计算参数的重要性分析[J].岩土力学,2002,23(3):372-374.ZHANG Xu-hui,XU Ri-qing,GONG Xiao-nan.Significance analysis of slope stability parameter incircular slice method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(3):372-374.
[8]王小平,曹立明.遗传算法理论应用与软件实现[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002:1-344.
[9]陈昌富,杨宇,龚晓南.基于遗传算法地震荷载作用下边坡稳定性分析水平条分法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,11(11):1 919-1 923.CHEN Chang-fu,YANG Yu,GONG Xiao-nan.Horizontal slice method of slope stability analysis underseimic load based on genetic algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,11(11):1 919-1 923.
[10]HLLLAND J H.Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems[M].Ann Arbor,MI:University of Machine Michigan Press,1975:1-211.
[11]肖专文,张奇志,顾兆岑,等.边坡最小安全系数的遗传算法[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,1996,12(2):144-147.XIAO Zhuan-wen,ZHANG Qi-zhi,GU Zhao-cen,et al.Genetic algorithm of the minimum safety factor forslopes[J].Journal of Shenyang Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute,1996,12(2):144-147.
[12]甘卫军,黄雅虹,张培震,等.黄土斜坡最危险滑裂面的遗传算法确定及稳定性分析[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(2):168-174.GAN Wei-jun,HUANG Ya-hong,ZHANG Pei-zhen.Method for determining the most risk slip-surface ofloess-slope by genetic algorithm and its application tostability to stability analysis[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(2):168-174.
[13]PAUL Mc Combie,PHILIP Wilkinson.The use of thesimple genetic algorithm in finding the critical factor ofsafety in slope stability analysis[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2002,29:699-714.
[14]成岗昌夫,中川建治,等.土木工程程序设计[M].大连工学院水利系译.大连:大连工学院出版社,1982.
[2]贺可强,王胜利,阳吉宝.运用遗传算法求解土钉支结构的整体稳定性系数[J].岩土力学,2003,24(3):354-358.HE Ke-qiang,WANG Sheng-li,YANG Ji-bao.Theresearch of genetic algorithms applied to solvingcoefficient of integral stability of soil-nail braced stru-cture[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(3):354-358.
[3]丰土根,刘汉龙,高玉峰,等.遗传算法在边坡抗震稳定性分析中的应用[J].岩土力学,2002,23(1):63-66.FENG Tu-gen,Liu Han-long,GAO Yu-feng,et al.Application of genetic algorithm to analysis of slopeseismic stability[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(1):63-66.
[4]吕文杰,李晓军,朱合华.基于遗传算法的边坡稳定分析通用算法[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(5):595-599.LüWen-jie,LI Xiao-jun,ZHU He-hua.GA-basedgeneralized slope stability analysis method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(5):595-599.
[5]弥宏亮,陈祖煜.遗传算法在确定边坡稳定最小安全系数中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):671-675.MI Hong-liang,CHEN Zu-yu.Genetical algorithm usedin determining the global minimum safety factor ofslope[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(6):671-675.
[6]何则干,陈胜宏.遗传模拟退火算法在边坡稳定分析中的应用[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):316-319.HE Ze-gan,CHEN Sheng-hong.Application of mixedgenetic-simulated annealing algorithms to slope stabilityanalysis[J].Rock and soil Mechanics 2004,25(2):316-319.
[7]张旭辉,徐日庆,龚晓南.圆弧条分法边坡稳定计算参数的重要性分析[J].岩土力学,2002,23(3):372-374.ZHANG Xu-hui,XU Ri-qing,GONG Xiao-nan.Significance analysis of slope stability parameter incircular slice method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(3):372-374.
[8]王小平,曹立明.遗传算法理论应用与软件实现[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002:1-344.
[9]陈昌富,杨宇,龚晓南.基于遗传算法地震荷载作用下边坡稳定性分析水平条分法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,11(11):1 919-1 923.CHEN Chang-fu,YANG Yu,GONG Xiao-nan.Horizontal slice method of slope stability analysis underseimic load based on genetic algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,11(11):1 919-1 923.
[10]HLLLAND J H.Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems[M].Ann Arbor,MI:University of Machine Michigan Press,1975:1-211.
[11]肖专文,张奇志,顾兆岑,等.边坡最小安全系数的遗传算法[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,1996,12(2):144-147.XIAO Zhuan-wen,ZHANG Qi-zhi,GU Zhao-cen,et al.Genetic algorithm of the minimum safety factor forslopes[J].Journal of Shenyang Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute,1996,12(2):144-147.
[12]甘卫军,黄雅虹,张培震,等.黄土斜坡最危险滑裂面的遗传算法确定及稳定性分析[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(2):168-174.GAN Wei-jun,HUANG Ya-hong,ZHANG Pei-zhen.Method for determining the most risk slip-surface ofloess-slope by genetic algorithm and its application tostability to stability analysis[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(2):168-174.
[13]PAUL Mc Combie,PHILIP Wilkinson.The use of thesimple genetic algorithm in finding the critical factor ofsafety in slope stability analysis[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2002,29:699-714.
[14]成岗昌夫,中川建治,等.土木工程程序设计[M].大连工学院水利系译.大连:大连工学院出版社,1982.
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