岩体裂隙尺度对其变形与破坏的控制作用
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摘要
岩体是一种含有大量缺陷的天然材料,其中的断层、裂缝和裂隙称为高层次缺陷,微裂隙、孔隙等称为低层次缺陷。首先分析包含宏观和微观裂隙的岩石裂隙数量与尺度之间的分形关系,并按照裂隙尺度进行分级。然后采用数值试验方法,通过逐级增加裂隙,研究岩体裂隙尺度对其变形与破坏的控制作用。研究结果表明,当裂缝、裂隙、微裂隙、孔隙等不同尺度、不同层次缺陷并存时,高层次缺陷对岩体的变形、稳定、破坏起着主导控制作用。
Rock mass contains large-scale deficiencies,such as pores,fissures and faults,which are usually referred to rock defects.Faults,cracks and fissures are called high-level defects,micro-cracks,pores are called low-level defects.Rock defects of rock deformation and the damage control will have close relationship with different fissure scales.The relationship of quantity and scale of rock mass fissure is analyzed,including great crack and microcosmic fissure.Then with numerical simulation,it is found that the fractures of rock samples will increase gradually;and the control effects from microcosmic fracture scale to deformation and the rock mass failure are studied.The result indicates that the arrangement defect controls the deformation,stability and rock mass failure when the scales of crack,fissure,cavity,spacing,hole are coexisting in rock masses.
Rock mass contains large-scale deficiencies,such as pores,fissures and faults,which are usually referred to rock defects.Faults,cracks and fissures are called high-level defects,micro-cracks,pores are called low-level defects.Rock defects of rock deformation and the damage control will have close relationship with different fissure scales.The relationship of quantity and scale of rock mass fissure is analyzed,including great crack and microcosmic fissure.Then with numerical simulation,it is found that the fractures of rock samples will increase gradually;and the control effects from microcosmic fracture scale to deformation and the rock mass failure are studied.The result indicates that the arrangement defect controls the deformation,stability and rock mass failure when the scales of crack,fissure,cavity,spacing,hole are coexisting in rock masses.
引文
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[8]TANG C A.Numerical studies of the influence of microstructure on rock failure in uniaxial compression,part I:effect of heterogeneity[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,2000,37(4):555–569.
[9]冯增朝,赵阳升,段康廉.岩石的细胞元特性及其非均质分布对岩石全曲线性态的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1 819–1 823.(FENG Zengchao,ZHAO Yangsheng,DUAN Kanglian.Influence of rock cell characteristics and rock inhomogeneity parameter on complete curve of stress-strain[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11):1 819–1 823.(in Chinese))
[10]冯增朝,赵阳升.岩体裂隙分维与岩体强度的相关性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增1):2 180–2 182.(FENG Zengchao,ZHAO Yangsheng.Correlation study on fractal dimensions of discontinuities and rock mass strength[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.1):2 180–2 182.(in Chinese))
[2]赵阳升.矿山岩石流体力学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994.(ZHAO Yangsheng.Rock fluid mechanics in mining[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1994.(in Chinese))
[3]杨升田,王维平.岩体缺陷对岩洞的影响分析[J].东北地震研究,1995,11(2):69–80.(YANG Shengtian,WANG Weiping.Influence of rock body flaw rock cavity[J].Seismological Research of Northeast China,1995,11(2):69–80.(in Chinese))
[4]高峰,钟卫平,黎立云,等.节理岩体强度的分形统计分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3 608–3 612.(GAO Feng,ZHONG Weiping,LI Liyun,et al.Fractal and statistical analysis of strength of jointed rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3 608–3 612.(in Chinese))
[5]林鹏,王仁坤,黄凯珠,等.含裂纹缺陷脆性岩石的峰值强度模型[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2006,46(9):1 514–1 517.(LIN Peng,WANG Renkun,ROBINA WONG Hoichu,et al.Peak strength model of brittle rocks containing flaws[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2006,46(9):1 514–1 517.(in Chinese))
[6]赵阳升,冯增朝,杨栋.缺陷层次对岩体介质性态及其变形与破坏的控制作用[C]//中国岩石力学与工程学会第七次学术大会论文集.北京:科学出版社,2002:51–54.(ZHAO Yangsheng,FENG Zengchao,YANG Dong.Control affection of defect level to media feature deformation and failure of rock mass[C]//The Seventh General Assembly of Papers of Chinese Society for Rock Mechanics and Engineering.Beijing:Science Press,2002:51–54.(in Chinese))
[7]赵阳升,王笑海,段康廉.煤体裂缝分布的尺度不变性[C]//中国力学学会成立40周年庆祝论文集.北京:清华大学出版社,1997:1 111–1 114.(ZHAO Yangsheng,WANG Xiaohai,DUAN Kanglian.Crack distribution of scale invariance in coal mass[C]//Proceedings of the 40th Anniversary of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1997:1 111–1 114.(in Chinese))
[8]TANG C A.Numerical studies of the influence of microstructure on rock failure in uniaxial compression,part I:effect of heterogeneity[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,2000,37(4):555–569.
[9]冯增朝,赵阳升,段康廉.岩石的细胞元特性及其非均质分布对岩石全曲线性态的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1 819–1 823.(FENG Zengchao,ZHAO Yangsheng,DUAN Kanglian.Influence of rock cell characteristics and rock inhomogeneity parameter on complete curve of stress-strain[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11):1 819–1 823.(in Chinese))
[10]冯增朝,赵阳升.岩体裂隙分维与岩体强度的相关性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增1):2 180–2 182.(FENG Zengchao,ZHAO Yangsheng.Correlation study on fractal dimensions of discontinuities and rock mass strength[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.1):2 180–2 182.(in Chinese))
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