阿姆河右岸区块盐下地震资料叠前保幅高分辨率处理
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摘要
土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸地区地表大部分被沙漠、戈壁覆盖,目的层卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩上覆的巨厚膏盐层对地震波高频成分能量吸收比较严重,采用常规方法处理的地震资料分辨率一般较低。为此,在分析CRP道集有效高频成分的基础上,采用共反射面元叠加进行保幅去噪,在去噪的道集数据上分析有效低频和高频信息的可靠性,拓宽地震信号的有效频带,使地震资料的振幅谱在有效频带范围内接近反射系数的振幅谱,从而提高了地震资料的分辨率。对比发现,高分辨率资料比常规资料频带展宽20Hz以上,主频提高15Hz以上,信噪比得到了明显提高,能有效分辨目的层内厚10m左右的薄储层,为构造精细描述和储层横向预测提供了较好的地震资料。
The surface of the Amu Darya Right Bank area in Turkmenistan is mostly covered by desert and gobi.The exploration target in the Callovian-Oxfordian carbonates is overlain by very thick salt,causing serious energy absorption of high-frequency component of seismic wave.So the resolution of seismic data processed by the conventional methods is generally low.Based on an analysis of the effective high-frequency components of CRP gathers,the common reflection bin stacking technique is used to preserve amplitude and eliminate noise.Then the reliability of the effective low-frequency and high-frequency signals is analyzed on the gathers after noise elimination.The effective frequency band of seismic signals is therefore widened to make the amplitude spectrum close to that of the reflection coefficient within the effective frequency band,so as to enhance the resolution.The frequency band of high resolution data is 20 Hz wider than that of the conventional data.The dominant frequency is enlarged by 15 Hz,and the signal-to-noise ratio is significantly improved.Thus thin reservoirs of about 10 m thick can be effectively identified,providing a good basis for fine structural description and lateral reservoir prediction.
The surface of the Amu Darya Right Bank area in Turkmenistan is mostly covered by desert and gobi.The exploration target in the Callovian-Oxfordian carbonates is overlain by very thick salt,causing serious energy absorption of high-frequency component of seismic wave.So the resolution of seismic data processed by the conventional methods is generally low.Based on an analysis of the effective high-frequency components of CRP gathers,the common reflection bin stacking technique is used to preserve amplitude and eliminate noise.Then the reliability of the effective low-frequency and high-frequency signals is analyzed on the gathers after noise elimination.The effective frequency band of seismic signals is therefore widened to make the amplitude spectrum close to that of the reflection coefficient within the effective frequency band,so as to enhance the resolution.The frequency band of high resolution data is 20 Hz wider than that of the conventional data.The dominant frequency is enlarged by 15 Hz,and the signal-to-noise ratio is significantly improved.Thus thin reservoirs of about 10 m thick can be effectively identified,providing a good basis for fine structural description and lateral reservoir prediction.
引文
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[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:52-79.
[3]易中富.地震资料的保幅宽频高分辨率处理[J].油气地球物理,2006,4(3):13-18.
[4]YILMAZ O.地震数据处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:124-135.
[5]刘财,刘洋.一种频域吸收衰减补偿方法[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):116-118.
[6]袁红军,吴时国.拓频处理技术在大牛地气田勘探开发中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(1):69-75.
[7]金惠,杨威,杨跃明,等.川西地区须二段高分辨率层序地层研究[J].天然气工业,2007,27(6):48-51.
[8]祁华忠,郑爱敏,杨晓,等.高分辨率层序地层学及砂体展布规律研究实例[J].天然气工业,2008,28(4):43-45.
[9]叶泰然,郑荣才,刘兴艳.高分辨率层序地层学在川西须家河组砂体分布研究中的应用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):38-41.
[10]周竹生,黎家盆.叠后高分辨率资料处理方法及应用效果[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,25(5):601-609.
[11]张翔,田景春,刘家铎,等.高分辨率层序地层在岩相古地理编图中的应用[J].西南石油学院学报,2005,27(6):1-4.
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