一种新型SMA阻尼器的试验和数值模拟研究
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摘要
利用超弹性SMA丝的耗能能力和自复位能力,提出了一种新型的SMA阻尼器,试验研究了该阻尼器在循环荷载作用下不同位移幅值、不同加载频率和不同初始位移条件下的力学性能,并通过建立的理论模型对阻尼器的力学性能进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明:该新型SMA阻尼器在循环荷载作用下形成稳定的滞回曲线,具有良好的耗能能力和自复位能力;阻尼器的性能可通过调节超弹性SMA丝的初始应变而改变,以满足工程的需要;动力荷载(0.5~2 Hz)频率对阻尼器的耗能能力和等效阻尼比影响不大,而恢复力和割线刚度随频率增加而略微增大;数值模拟结果和试验结果吻合较好,建立的理论模型可以对SM A阻尼器进行理论分析。
Shape memory alloy(SMAs) are a kind of new smart material,possessing unique behaviors,such as shape memory effect,superelasticity and high damping characteristic.These properties enable SMAs to be ideal candidate for the design of the energy dissipation system in civil engineering.In this paper,a new type of SMA damper was proposed by utilizing the energy dissipating and recentring features of superelastic SMA.Cyclic tests on the damper model were carried out in order to investigate the mechanical behaviors as a function of pre-displacement,displacement amplitude and loading frequency.The numerical simulation for the mechanical behavior of the damper was performed by means of the developed constitutive model of SMA.The research results show that the innovative SMA damper has both the energy dissipating and recentring features with the hysteretic loop under cyclic loading-unloading.The hysteretic behaviors of the damper can be modified to best fit the needs for passive structural control applications by adjusting the pre-tension of the Nitinol wires and are not sensitive to frequencies greater than 0.5Hz.The numerical results with the developed constitutive model agree well with the experimental data,which verifies that the model can be used to simulate the behavior of the damper.
Shape memory alloy(SMAs) are a kind of new smart material,possessing unique behaviors,such as shape memory effect,superelasticity and high damping characteristic.These properties enable SMAs to be ideal candidate for the design of the energy dissipation system in civil engineering.In this paper,a new type of SMA damper was proposed by utilizing the energy dissipating and recentring features of superelastic SMA.Cyclic tests on the damper model were carried out in order to investigate the mechanical behaviors as a function of pre-displacement,displacement amplitude and loading frequency.The numerical simulation for the mechanical behavior of the damper was performed by means of the developed constitutive model of SMA.The research results show that the innovative SMA damper has both the energy dissipating and recentring features with the hysteretic loop under cyclic loading-unloading.The hysteretic behaviors of the damper can be modified to best fit the needs for passive structural control applications by adjusting the pre-tension of the Nitinol wires and are not sensitive to frequencies greater than 0.5Hz.The numerical results with the developed constitutive model agree well with the experimental data,which verifies that the model can be used to simulate the behavior of the damper.
引文
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[6]倪立峰,李秋胜,李爱群,等.新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(3):145—148.
[7]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45—50.
[8]Zuo Xiao-Bao,Chang Wei,Li Ai-Qun,et al.Designand experimental investigation of a superelastic SMAdamper[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2006,A 438—440,1 150—1 153.
[9]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys asnew materials for seismic isolation[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,1991,117(11):2 590—2 608.
[10]钱辉,李宏男,宋钢兵,等.基于塑性理论的形状记忆合金本构模型、试验和数值模拟[J].功能材料,2007,38(7):1 114—1 118.
[2]Dolce M,Cardone D.Mechanical behavior of shapememory alloys for seismic applications 2:austeniteNiTi wires subjected to tension[J].InternationalJournal of Mechanical Sciences,2001,43(11):2 657—2 677.
[3]Dolce M,Cardone D,Marnetto R.Implementationand testing of passive control devices based on shapememory alloys[J].Earthquake Eng.Struct.Dyn.,2000,29(7):945—968.
[4]Zhang Y,Zhu S.A shape memory alloy-basedreusable hysteretic damper for seismic hazardmitigation[J].Smart Mater.Struct.,2007,16:1603—1 613.
[5]李惠,毛晨曦.新型SMA耗能器及结构地震反应控制试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(1):133—139.
[6]倪立峰,李秋胜,李爱群,等.新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(3):145—148.
[7]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45—50.
[8]Zuo Xiao-Bao,Chang Wei,Li Ai-Qun,et al.Designand experimental investigation of a superelastic SMAdamper[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2006,A 438—440,1 150—1 153.
[9]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys asnew materials for seismic isolation[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,1991,117(11):2 590—2 608.
[10]钱辉,李宏男,宋钢兵,等.基于塑性理论的形状记忆合金本构模型、试验和数值模拟[J].功能材料,2007,38(7):1 114—1 118.
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