采动影响下巷道围岩变形与破坏的弱结构面效应
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摘要
岩体中弱结构面的产状要素和力学参数是影响深部巷道围岩变形和破坏的重要因素。通过对金川矿区地下开采过程中发生的与弱结构面效应有关的巷道变形特征、破坏模式与机理分析得出,在断层附近或穿过断层开挖时,往往会引起断层活化,引发巷道变形和破坏。当在节理岩体中开挖时会使围岩中低强度的节理裂隙等弱结构面正应力减小,抗剪强度降低,从而发生相对滑移、变形。此外,与巷道开挖相比,矿体开采的影响不仅在持续时间上,还是在影响以及程度上都是造成巷道变形和破坏的弱结构面效应更加显著的主要原因。
Structural weakness planes occurrence of rock mass and its mechanics parameters are important factors for deep roadway surrounding rocks deformation and failure.Based on the study of the roadway surrounding rocks deformation characteristics,failure model and mechanism related with structural planes effect during underground mining in Jinchuan mine,it points out that fault will be activated,and provoke roadway surrounding rocks deformation and failure when excavate near fault or intersect with fault.When excavating in joint rock mass,the normal stress will be decreased and shear strength will be reduced on the structural planes,and thus the rocks beside the structural planes will result sliding and deformation.Furthermore,compared with the roadway excavation,the duration and extent of the impaction of ore mining are the main reason of the roadway surrounding rocks deformation and failure related to structural planes showed more remarkable.
Structural weakness planes occurrence of rock mass and its mechanics parameters are important factors for deep roadway surrounding rocks deformation and failure.Based on the study of the roadway surrounding rocks deformation characteristics,failure model and mechanism related with structural planes effect during underground mining in Jinchuan mine,it points out that fault will be activated,and provoke roadway surrounding rocks deformation and failure when excavate near fault or intersect with fault.When excavating in joint rock mass,the normal stress will be decreased and shear strength will be reduced on the structural planes,and thus the rocks beside the structural planes will result sliding and deformation.Furthermore,compared with the roadway excavation,the duration and extent of the impaction of ore mining are the main reason of the roadway surrounding rocks deformation and failure related to structural planes showed more remarkable.
引文
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[3]蒋建平,汪明武,罗国煜.地下工程中岩土结构面的影响分析[J].工程地质学报,2003,11(4):350-353.
[4]勾攀峰,胡有光.断层附近回采巷道顶板岩层运动特征研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(3):285-288.
[5]宋卫东,赵增山,王浩.断层破碎带与采准巷道围岩作用机理模拟研究[J].金属矿山,2004,332:11-13.
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[8]慕青松,马崇武,马君伟,等.金川构造应力场对巷道工程稳定性的影响[J].金属矿山,2007,No.373:18-22.
[9]李宏业.金川二矿区深部巷道支护机理研究以及围岩稳定性的数值模拟[D].长沙:中南大学,2003.
[10]刘高,王小春,聂德新.金川矿区地下巷道围岩应力场特征及演化机制[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2002,13(4):40-45.
[11]李文秀,梅松华,翟淑花,等.大型金属矿体开采地应力场变化及其对采区岩体移动范围的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):4047-4051.
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