煤层底板导水裂隙演化规律的电法探测研究
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摘要
通过试验测定不同岩样在充水条件下应力–应变全程电阻率的变化,给出在采动过程中煤层底板岩层产生导水裂隙时的导电性变化规律,并以此为基础建立底板采动导水裂隙带动态演化地电模型。利用三维电法正演软件对此地电模型进行正演数值模拟,得出煤层底板导水裂隙演化过程中的视电阻率响应特征,为矿井电法数据采集系统设计和资料处理解释提供理论依据。依据全空间高精度三维电法测量的思想,提出煤矿底板导水裂隙带动态监测系统的设计原则和技术要求,为现场实际工作条件下煤矿底板破坏裂隙带动态监测系统设计提供依据,并成功用于安徽一矿底板破坏导水裂隙带演化规律的探测。实测结果表明,采用三维电阻率法探测(监测)底板导水裂隙带演化过程效果明显,能显示出底板在回采过程中变化破坏情况,有利于煤矿底板突水预测和突水防治措施的制订。
In the experiment,the variation in resistivity of different rock samples during the complete stress-strain process under the water-filling condition is studied;and the variation rule of conductivity of water conducting fractures formed in floor during the mining activity is obtained.In addition,the geoelectric model for dynamic evolution of mining induced water conducting fractures is constructed.From the numerical modeling with 3D electrical resistivity software,the response characteristics of apparent resistivity of water conducting fractures in coal seam floor are achieved,which can provide a theoretical basis for designing the data acquisition system and data processing.Based on the theory of full-space high-accurate 3D electrical resistivity methodt,he principles and technical requirements for designing the dynamic monitoring system of water conducting fractures are put forward,which have been successfully used in a certain coal mine in Anhui Province.The result shows that the application of 3D electrical resistivity in detecting the evolution of water conducting fractures in coal seam floor is effective;and it can present the failure mode of coal seam floor in mining process;so it is quite favorable for schemes of predicting and preventing water inrush from coal seam floor.
In the experiment,the variation in resistivity of different rock samples during the complete stress-strain process under the water-filling condition is studied;and the variation rule of conductivity of water conducting fractures formed in floor during the mining activity is obtained.In addition,the geoelectric model for dynamic evolution of mining induced water conducting fractures is constructed.From the numerical modeling with 3D electrical resistivity software,the response characteristics of apparent resistivity of water conducting fractures in coal seam floor are achieved,which can provide a theoretical basis for designing the data acquisition system and data processing.Based on the theory of full-space high-accurate 3D electrical resistivity methodt,he principles and technical requirements for designing the dynamic monitoring system of water conducting fractures are put forward,which have been successfully used in a certain coal mine in Anhui Province.The result shows that the application of 3D electrical resistivity in detecting the evolution of water conducting fractures in coal seam floor is effective;and it can present the failure mode of coal seam floor in mining process;so it is quite favorable for schemes of predicting and preventing water inrush from coal seam floor.
引文
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[8]程久龙,于师建,宋扬,等.煤层底板破坏深度的声波CT探测试验研究[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(6):576–580.(CHENG Jiulong,YU Shijian,SONG Yang,et al.Detection of the failure depth of coal seam floor by acoustic wave computer tomography[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1999,24(6):576–580.(in Chinese))
[9]张平松,刘盛东.地震波CT技术探测煤层上覆岩层破坏规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 510–2 513.(ZHANG Pingsong,LIU Shengdong.Observation of overburden failure of coal seam by CT of seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 510–2 513.(in Chinese))
[10]葛宝堂,李德春.岩体电阻率观测技术预报顶板失稳的前景[J].中国矿业大学学报,1993,22(2):48–52.(GE Baotang,LI Dechun.Prospects for the technique of detecting rock resistivity and application to predicting roof failure of stability[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,1993,22(2):48–52.(in Chinese))
[11]李德春,葛宝堂,忽杰武.矿山灾害电阻率法预测机制及试验[J].煤田地质与勘探,1999,27(6):62–64.(LI Dechun,GE Baotang,HU Jiewu.Mechanism and tests of mine disaster prediction by resistivity method[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,1999,27(6):62–64.(in Chinese))
[12]刘树才.煤矿底板突水机制及破坏裂隙带演化动态探测技术[博士学位论文][D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.(LIU Shucai.Mechanism of water inrush from coal seam floor and continuous survey of fractured zones in coal seam floor[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.(in Chinese))
[13]李富,刘树才,胡文武,等.煤层底板破坏带电阻率变化规律研究[J].能源技术与管理,2006,(3):35–37.(LI Fu,LIU Shucai,HU Wenwu,et al.Study on resistivity variation rules of coal seam floor failure[J].Energy Technology and Management,2006,(3):35–37.(in Chinese))
[14]赵贤任,刘树才,李富,等.煤层底板破坏带电阻率法异常特征研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2008,5(2):164–168.(ZHAO Xianren,LIU Shucai,LI Fu,et al.Study on resistivity abnormal characteristics of coal seam floor failure[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2008,5(2):164–168.(in Chinese))
[15]李建楼,刘盛东,张平松,等.并行网络电法在煤层覆岩破坏监测中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(2):61–64.(LI Jianlou,LIU Shengdong,ZHANG Pingsong,et al.Failure dynamic observation of upper cover stratum under mine using parallel network electricity method[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2008,36(2):61–64.(in Chinese))
[16]刘盛东,王桦,张平松.视电阻率动态监测断裂带发育规律[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(B10):66–71.(LIU Shengdong,WANG Hua,ZHANG Pingsong.Applying resistivity method to dynamically monitoring the development of fractured belts and caving belt[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(B10):66–71.(in Chinese))
[17]岳建华,刘志新.井–地三维电阻率成像技术[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):407–411.(YUE Jianhua,LIU Zhixin.Three-dimensional resistivity tomography of mine-ground[J].Progress of Geophysics,2005,20(2):407–411.(in Chinese))
[2]岳建华,刘树才.矿井直流电法勘探[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000.(YUE Jianhua,LIU Shucai.Direct current electric prospecting in mining[J].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[3]张金才,刘天泉.论煤层底板采动裂隙带的深度及分布特征[J].煤炭学报,1990,15(2):46–55.(ZHANG Jincai,LIU Tianquan.On depth of fissured zone in seam floor resulted from coal extraction and its distribution characteristics[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1990,15(2):46–55.(in Chinese))
[4]高延法,李白英.受奥灰承压水威胁煤层采场底板变形破坏规律研究[J].煤炭学报,1992,17(2):32–39.(GAO Yanfa,LI Baiying.Investigation on rules of floor rock failure in the workings with risk of Ordovician confined water[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1992,17(2):32–39.(in Chinese))
[5]张红日,张文泉,温兴林,等.矿井底板采动破坏特征连续观测的工程设计与实践[J].矿业研究与开发,2000,20(4):1–4.(ZHANG Hongri,ZHANG Wenquan,WEN Xinglin,et al.Design of continuous observation work on mining failure feature in the floor of mine and its practice[J].Mining Research and Development,2000,20(4):1–4.(in Chinese))
[6]施龙青,朱鲁,韩进,等.矿山压力对底板破坏深度监测研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(6):20–23.(SHI Longqing,ZHU Lu,HAN Jin,et al.Monitor study on broken floor depth caused by underground pressure[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2004,32(6):20–23.(in Chinese))
[7]王连成.矿井地质雷达的方法及应用[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(1):5–9.(WANG Liancheng.Method and application of mine geological radar[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2000,25(1):5–9.(in Chinese))
[8]程久龙,于师建,宋扬,等.煤层底板破坏深度的声波CT探测试验研究[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(6):576–580.(CHENG Jiulong,YU Shijian,SONG Yang,et al.Detection of the failure depth of coal seam floor by acoustic wave computer tomography[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1999,24(6):576–580.(in Chinese))
[9]张平松,刘盛东.地震波CT技术探测煤层上覆岩层破坏规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 510–2 513.(ZHANG Pingsong,LIU Shengdong.Observation of overburden failure of coal seam by CT of seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 510–2 513.(in Chinese))
[10]葛宝堂,李德春.岩体电阻率观测技术预报顶板失稳的前景[J].中国矿业大学学报,1993,22(2):48–52.(GE Baotang,LI Dechun.Prospects for the technique of detecting rock resistivity and application to predicting roof failure of stability[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,1993,22(2):48–52.(in Chinese))
[11]李德春,葛宝堂,忽杰武.矿山灾害电阻率法预测机制及试验[J].煤田地质与勘探,1999,27(6):62–64.(LI Dechun,GE Baotang,HU Jiewu.Mechanism and tests of mine disaster prediction by resistivity method[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,1999,27(6):62–64.(in Chinese))
[12]刘树才.煤矿底板突水机制及破坏裂隙带演化动态探测技术[博士学位论文][D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.(LIU Shucai.Mechanism of water inrush from coal seam floor and continuous survey of fractured zones in coal seam floor[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.(in Chinese))
[13]李富,刘树才,胡文武,等.煤层底板破坏带电阻率变化规律研究[J].能源技术与管理,2006,(3):35–37.(LI Fu,LIU Shucai,HU Wenwu,et al.Study on resistivity variation rules of coal seam floor failure[J].Energy Technology and Management,2006,(3):35–37.(in Chinese))
[14]赵贤任,刘树才,李富,等.煤层底板破坏带电阻率法异常特征研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2008,5(2):164–168.(ZHAO Xianren,LIU Shucai,LI Fu,et al.Study on resistivity abnormal characteristics of coal seam floor failure[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2008,5(2):164–168.(in Chinese))
[15]李建楼,刘盛东,张平松,等.并行网络电法在煤层覆岩破坏监测中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(2):61–64.(LI Jianlou,LIU Shengdong,ZHANG Pingsong,et al.Failure dynamic observation of upper cover stratum under mine using parallel network electricity method[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2008,36(2):61–64.(in Chinese))
[16]刘盛东,王桦,张平松.视电阻率动态监测断裂带发育规律[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(B10):66–71.(LIU Shengdong,WANG Hua,ZHANG Pingsong.Applying resistivity method to dynamically monitoring the development of fractured belts and caving belt[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(B10):66–71.(in Chinese))
[17]岳建华,刘志新.井–地三维电阻率成像技术[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):407–411.(YUE Jianhua,LIU Zhixin.Three-dimensional resistivity tomography of mine-ground[J].Progress of Geophysics,2005,20(2):407–411.(in Chinese))
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