利用RQD估算岩体不同深度的平均渗透系数和平均变形模量
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摘要
渗透系数是进行裂隙岩体渗流模拟的必备参数,变形模量是工程岩体数值模拟的必备参数。大量研究中忽视了渗透系数和变形模量随深度变化这一重要规律,从而影响模拟结果的可靠性。为此,探讨了利用极易获取的RQD(岩石质量指标)资料估算不同深度的渗透系数和变形模量的可行性。通过以某花岗岩体为例,研究发现,RQD均值随深度增大,渗透系数均值随深度减小,其相关性很好。因此,利用RQD估算不同深度的平均渗透系数是可行的。根据RQD随深度的变化,利用经验公式估算了不同深度的变形模量均值和变化范围。估算得到的变形模量与实测结果基本一致。
Hydraulic conductivity is indispensable for groundwater modeling in fractured rock masses while deformation modulus is required for stability evaluation of rock masses. Unfortunately, the variations in hydraulic conductivity and deformation modulus with depth are usually ignored, which would lead to inaccurate results. The feasibility of estimating hydraulic conductivity and deformation modulus using the rock quality design (RQD) at different depths is discussed. In a granite rock mass, it is found out that the mean RQD would increase with depth, while the mean hydraulic conductivity would decrease with depth. Moreover, there is a high correlation between mean RQD and mean hydraulic conductivity. Therefore, it is practical to estimate depth-dependent hydraulic conductivity using RQD data. Furthermore, based on empirical equations, the deformation modulus is successfully estimated using the variations in mean RQD with depth.
Hydraulic conductivity is indispensable for groundwater modeling in fractured rock masses while deformation modulus is required for stability evaluation of rock masses. Unfortunately, the variations in hydraulic conductivity and deformation modulus with depth are usually ignored, which would lead to inaccurate results. The feasibility of estimating hydraulic conductivity and deformation modulus using the rock quality design (RQD) at different depths is discussed. In a granite rock mass, it is found out that the mean RQD would increase with depth, while the mean hydraulic conductivity would decrease with depth. Moreover, there is a high correlation between mean RQD and mean hydraulic conductivity. Therefore, it is practical to estimate depth-dependent hydraulic conductivity using RQD data. Furthermore, based on empirical equations, the deformation modulus is successfully estimated using the variations in mean RQD with depth.
引文
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[5]JIANG X W,WAN L,WANG X S.Estimation of fracture normal stiffness using a transmissivity-depth correla-tion[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(1):51-58.
[6]王刚,李术才,王书刚,等.节理岩体大型地下洞室群稳定性分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(1):261-268.WANG Gang,LI Shu-cai,WANG Shu-gang,et al Stability analysis of huge underground cavern group in jointed rockmass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,200829(1):261-268.
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[11]陈剑平,范建华,刘迪.RQD应用与研究的回顾与展望[J].岩土力学,2005,26(增2):249-252.CHEN Jian-ping,FAN Jian-hua,LIU Di.A review and prospect on the application and research of RQD[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(Supp.2):249-252.
[12]ZHANG L,EINSTEIN H.Using RQD to estimate the deformation modulus of rock masses[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(2):337-341.
[13]SNOW D T.Rock fracture spacings,openings,and porosities[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division,ASCE,1968,94(SM1):73-91.
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[15]PRIEST S D,HUDSON J A.Discontinuity spacings in rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1976,13:135-148.
[16]El-Naqa A.The hydraulic conductivity of the fractures intersecting Cambrian sandstone rock masses,central Jordan[J].Environmental Geology,2001,40:973-982.
[17]廖颜萱.风化岩分带指标定量研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.
[2]JONES F O.A laboratory study of the effects of confining pressure on fracture flow and storage capacity incarbonate rock[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology1975,27:21-27.
[3]KRANZ R L,FRANKEL A D,ENGELDER T,et al.The permeability of whole and jointed Barre Granite[J]International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1979,16:225-234.
[4]SNOW D T.Hydraulic character of fractured met-amorphic rocks of the front range and implications of the rocky mountain arsenal well[J].Colorado School of Mines Quarterly,1968,63(1):167-199.
[5]JIANG X W,WAN L,WANG X S.Estimation of fracture normal stiffness using a transmissivity-depth correla-tion[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(1):51-58.
[6]王刚,李术才,王书刚,等.节理岩体大型地下洞室群稳定性分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(1):261-268.WANG Gang,LI Shu-cai,WANG Shu-gang,et al Stability analysis of huge underground cavern group in jointed rockmass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,200829(1):261-268.
[7]张巍,肖明,范国邦.大型地下地下洞室群围岩应力-损伤-渗流耦合分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1813-1818.ZHANG Wei,XIAO Ming,FAN Bang-Guo.Stress-damage-seepage coupling analysis of surrounding rock of large-scale underground caverns[J].Rock and Soi Mechanics,2008,29(7):1813-1818.
[8]ZIMMERMAN R W.Compressibility of sandstones[M]Elsevier:[s.n.].1991.
[9]JAEGER J C,COOK N G W,ZIMMERMAN R W.Fundamentals of rock mechanics[M].[S.l.]:Blackwell Publishing.2007.
[10]HUDSON J A,HARRISON J P.Engineering rock mechanics[M].[S.l.]:Pergamon.1997.
[11]陈剑平,范建华,刘迪.RQD应用与研究的回顾与展望[J].岩土力学,2005,26(增2):249-252.CHEN Jian-ping,FAN Jian-hua,LIU Di.A review and prospect on the application and research of RQD[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(Supp.2):249-252.
[12]ZHANG L,EINSTEIN H.Using RQD to estimate the deformation modulus of rock masses[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(2):337-341.
[13]SNOW D T.Rock fracture spacings,openings,and porosities[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division,ASCE,1968,94(SM1):73-91.
[14]DEERE D U.Technical description of rock cores for engineering purposes[J].Rock Mechanics and Eng-ineering Geology,1963,1(1):18-22.
[15]PRIEST S D,HUDSON J A.Discontinuity spacings in rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1976,13:135-148.
[16]El-Naqa A.The hydraulic conductivity of the fractures intersecting Cambrian sandstone rock masses,central Jordan[J].Environmental Geology,2001,40:973-982.
[17]廖颜萱.风化岩分带指标定量研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.
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