岩石破坏过程的自组织特征与临界条件研究
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摘要
岩石破坏过程具有自组织临界特征。为了研究这种临界问题,提出了一种利用自组织程度参数α刻画单元之间的应力转移和局部单元上的应力集中的方法,并以单元的破坏强度服从二次Weibull分布为基础,运用重整化群理论建立了计算力学模型,推导了岩石破坏的临界破坏概率pc。结果表明,当单元的破坏概率p小于临界破坏概率pc时,单元的破坏是独立的和随机的,系统向稳定态演化;当单元的破坏概率p大于临界破坏概率pc时,单元的破坏向宏观贯通的张裂面这一吸引域集中,张裂面是自组织临界性的一个动力学吸引子;临界破坏概率pc以及单元承受外载F的能力均与初始条件有关,pc和F/F0随自组织程度参数α增大而减小,且F/F0<1,表明由于应力的转移使得单元破坏应力降低。
Rock failure process presents a characteristic of self-organized criticality.A method which use self-organized extent parameter α to express stress transfer among units and stress concentration in local units is put forward.Based on the theory that the failure strength of rock units obey second power Weibull distribution,a mechanical model is established with renormalization group theory,and the critical probability of rock failure,pc,was derived.Results indicate that the failure of units is independent and stochastic,and the system evolves to a stable state when the failure probability of unit,p,is less than the critical failure probability pc.When p is higher than pc,the failure of units focus on the macroscopic-transfixion tension split plane,which is a dynamic attractor of self-organized criticality.The critical failure probability pc and the unit capacity of bearing external load F is related to initial condition.pc as well as F/F0,decreasing with the increase of self-organized extent parameter α,and furthermore,F/F0<1.The failure stress of units decreases due to stress transfer.
Rock failure process presents a characteristic of self-organized criticality.A method which use self-organized extent parameter α to express stress transfer among units and stress concentration in local units is put forward.Based on the theory that the failure strength of rock units obey second power Weibull distribution,a mechanical model is established with renormalization group theory,and the critical probability of rock failure,pc,was derived.Results indicate that the failure of units is independent and stochastic,and the system evolves to a stable state when the failure probability of unit,p,is less than the critical failure probability pc.When p is higher than pc,the failure of units focus on the macroscopic-transfixion tension split plane,which is a dynamic attractor of self-organized criticality.The critical failure probability pc and the unit capacity of bearing external load F is related to initial condition.pc as well as F/F0,decreasing with the increase of self-organized extent parameter α,and furthermore,F/F0<1.The failure stress of units decreases due to stress transfer.
引文
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[4]Yao Lingkan,Li Shixiong,Jiang Liangwei.Self-organizedcriticality and its application in granular mixtures[J].Jour-nal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2003,35(1):8-14.[姚令侃,李仕雄,蒋良潍.自组织临界性及其在散粒体研究中的应用[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2003,35(1):8-14.]
[5]Li Shixiong,Yao Lingkan,Jiang Liangwei.Evolution featuresand application of loose slope[J].Journal of Sichuan Uni-versity:Engineering Science Edition,2004,36(2):7-11.[李仕雄,姚令侃,蒋良潍.松散边坡演化特征及其应用[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2004,36(2):7-11]
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[9]Olami Z,Feder HJ S,Christensen K.Self-organized critical-ity in a continuous,nonconservative cellular automaton mod-eling earthquakes[J].Physical Review Letters,1992,68(8):1244-1247.
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